Физика

Laborotoriya ishi №1. Gorizontga qiya otilgan jism harakatini o’rganish

Ishning maqsadi. Jismning uchish uzoqligining otilish burchagiga bog‘liqligini tekshirish.

Kerakli asbob va jihozlar. Ballistik to‘pponcha, metall sharcha, o‘lchov lentasi, 2–3 varaq oq va qora qog‘oz (kopirovka).

1. Ballistik to‘pponcha laboratoriya stoli chetiga o‘rnatiladi (1.13-rasm).
2. Ballistik to‘pponchaning qiyalik burchagini 30° qilib tutqichga mahkamlanadi (Qiyalik burchagi to‘pponchaga mahkamlangan transportir yordamida aniqlanadi).
3. Tutqich orqaga tortiladi va uni stvol ilgagiga kiritiladi.
4. Metall sharcha stvol ichiga joylashtiriladi.

5. Tutqichni ilgakdan chiqarib yuboriladi va sharchaning tushish joyi aniqlanadi.
6. Tajriba yuqoridagidek kamida 3 marta takrorlanadi.
7. Ballistik to‘pponchaning qiyalik burchagini 45° ga qo‘yib tajribani takrorlanadi.
8. Hisoblangan kattaliklar qiymati quyidagi jadvalga yoziladi.

 30° burchak ostida otilgan jism harakati

𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 𝑜 ′ 𝑜𝑜 𝑜 ′ ′ 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 = 𝑙 1 + 𝑙 2 + 𝑙 3 3 𝑙 1 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 1 1 𝑙 1 + 𝑙 2 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 2 2 𝑙 2 + 𝑙 3 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 3 3 𝑙 3 𝑙 1 + 𝑙 2 + 𝑙 3 3 3 𝑙 1 + 𝑙 2 + 𝑙 3 3 =

∆ 𝑙 1 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 1 1 𝑙 1 = 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 − 𝑙 1 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 𝑜 ′ 𝑜𝑜 𝑜 ′ ′ 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 − 𝑙 1 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 1 1 𝑙 1 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 − 𝑙 1 =
∆ 𝑙 2 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 2 2 𝑙 2 = 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 − 𝑙 2 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 𝑜 ′ 𝑜𝑜 𝑜 ′ ′ 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 − 𝑙 2 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 2 2 𝑙 2 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 − 𝑙 2 =
∆ 𝑙 3 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 3 3 𝑙 3 = 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 − 𝑙 3 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 𝑜 ′ 𝑜𝑜 𝑜 ′ ′ 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 − 𝑙 3 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 3 3 𝑙 3 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 − 𝑙 3 =

∆ 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 𝑜 ′ 𝑜𝑜 𝑜 ′ ′ 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 = ∆ 𝑙 1 +∆ 𝑙 2 +∆ 𝑙 3 3 ∆ 𝑙 1 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 1 1 𝑙 1 +∆ 𝑙 2 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 2 2 𝑙 2 +∆ 𝑙 3 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 3 3 𝑙 3 ∆ 𝑙 1 +∆ 𝑙 2 +∆ 𝑙 3 3 3 ∆ 𝑙 1 +∆ 𝑙 2 +∆ 𝑙 3 3 =

  45° burchak ostida otilgan jism harakati

𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 𝑜 ′ 𝑜𝑜 𝑜 ′ ′ 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 = 𝑙 1 + 𝑙 2 + 𝑙 3 3 𝑙 1 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 1 1 𝑙 1 + 𝑙 2 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 2 2 𝑙 2 + 𝑙 3 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 3 3 𝑙 3 𝑙 1 + 𝑙 2 + 𝑙 3 3 3 𝑙 1 + 𝑙 2 + 𝑙 3 3 =

∆ 𝑙 1 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 1 1 𝑙 1 = 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 − 𝑙 1 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 𝑜 ′ 𝑜𝑜 𝑜 ′ ′ 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 − 𝑙 1 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 1 1 𝑙 1 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 − 𝑙 1 =
∆ 𝑙 2 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 2 2 𝑙 2 = 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 − 𝑙 2 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 𝑜 ′ 𝑜𝑜 𝑜 ′ ′ 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 − 𝑙 2 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 2 2 𝑙 2 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 − 𝑙 2 =
∆ 𝑙 3 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 3 3 𝑙 3 = 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 − 𝑙 3 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 𝑜 ′ 𝑜𝑜 𝑜 ′ ′ 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 − 𝑙 3 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 3 3 𝑙 3 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 − 𝑙 3 =

∆ 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 𝑜 ′ 𝑜𝑜 𝑜 ′ ′ 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡 𝑙 𝑜 ′ 𝑟𝑡 = ∆ 𝑙 1 +∆ 𝑙 2 +∆ 𝑙 3 3 ∆ 𝑙 1 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 1 1 𝑙 1 +∆ 𝑙 2 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 2 2 𝑙 2 +∆ 𝑙 3 𝑙𝑙 𝑙 3 3 𝑙 3 ∆ 𝑙 1 +∆ 𝑙 2 +∆ 𝑙 3 3 3 ∆ 𝑙 1 +∆ 𝑙 2 +∆ 𝑙 3 3 =

Savollar

Gorizontga nisbatan qiya otilgan jism harakatining trayektoriyasi qanday bo‘ladi?
Gorizontga nisbatan qiya otilgan jismning uchish uzoqligi qanday kattaliklarga bog‘liq?
ϑ 0 ϑ ϑ 0 0 ϑ 0 boshlang‘ich tezlik bilan burchak ostida otilgan jismning tushayotgan paytdagi tezligi qanday bo‘ladi va gorizont bilan qanday burchak tashkil qiladi?
Tajribada olingan natijalarga ko‘ra uchish uzoqligi va uchish vaqtining qiymati otilish burchagiga bog‘liqligini tahlil qiling.