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I)Phonetics. Listen, repeat and read: In my room Full of light is room of mine. Light is coming from afar. So brightly heavens shine Twinkling with a bright night star. Keeping silence all the time Dear mother takes a pail. Stars above still brighter shine And the water tastes like ale. Dark-red flowers of mine In my garden all did die. And in low waters' clime Soon the boat will rot and die... Shadow from willow, like lace, Slumbers softly on my wall. Tomorrow's day, I'll face, Will be troublesome all-in-all. I'll be constructing canoe. Till nigth star arises at noon I shall water flowers too Thinking of my own doom.
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A.Pushkin I loved you so, and, maybe, my affection Has not yet faded, living as afore, But now you′re free from worry and vexation, I do not want to grieve you anymore. I loved you hopelessly, in silence, really, Now torn with jealousy, now shy as kid. I loved you so sincerely, so dearly, - God grant that someone loves you like I did.
The one I am in love with isn′t really you, Your charm is not for me, as it appears, I love in you the bygone pain and tears And the departed youth that I went through. And when, my friend, at times, I look at you, When deep into your eyes I do intently stare I hold a magic conversation, I declare! But you are not the one that I′m talking to. I talk with an engaging girl-fiend of my youth, And in your face I look for other features, The living lips are silent now and speechless, And in the eyes the fire has died down, in truth (Lermontov) |
II)Speech practice. Answer the questions: 1 Is the Russian Federation the biggest or the smallest country in the world? 2.What is the territory of Russia?17 mln km 2 3.How many countries does the Russian Federation border on? 16 countries 4.What is the population of Russia? about 148 million 5.How many nationalities live in Russia? 190 6.What is the national flag of Russia called? tricolor 7.What is the main law in our country? the Constitution 8.What is the capital of the Russian Federation? 9.When was Moscow founded and by whom? in 1147 by Yuri Dolgoruki 10.What are the big cities in Russia? St. Petersburg, Novgorod, Novosibirsk, Volgograd, Rostov, Stavropol, Samara, Yekaterinburg 11.Which city was founded in 1703 and was the capital of Russian Empire for 200 years? St.Petersburg 12.What are the names of five Russian towns which are known as Zolotoe Koltzo? Zvenigorod, Rostov Velikiy, Yaroslavl, Vladimir, Susdal 13. Who founded St. Petersburg? Peter the Great 14. Is Russia a rich country? 15.What kind of mineral resources are in Russia? oil, gas, metal, diamonds… 16. What is the deepest lake in the world? 17.What is the longest river in our country? The Lena 18.What are the names of two great plains in Russia? the Great Russian Plain and the Western Siberian Plain 19.Which are the oldest mountains in the Russian Federation? the Urals 20. What do the Altai Mountains mean? “the Golden Mountains”, 21.What is the highest mountain in our country? Mount Elbrus 22.What is the biggest land in Russia? Sakhalin 23.Who is the head of the Russian Federation? 24.What is the official residence of the President of Russia? the Kremlin 25. How many national parks in Russia? 40 |
III) Read the text about our country Russia
Russia is situated (located) in the eastern part of Europe and the northern part of Asia.
It covers almost twice the territory of either the United States or China.
Russia borders on 12 countries on land. In the south Russia borders on China, Mongolia, Korea, Kazakhstan, Georgia and Azerbaijan. In the west it borders on Norway, Finland, the Baltic States, Belorussia, and the Ukraine. It also has a sea border with the USA.
The main areas of Russia are European part, Siberia and Far East. The Ural Mountains separate Europe from Asia.
Russia is washed by 12 seas and 2 oceans. Russia is connected with the Atlantic Ocean through the Baltic Sea in the west and the Black Sea in the south. The Arctic Ocean and its seas including the White, Barents, Kara, Laptev, and East-Siberian Seas wash Russia in the north. The Pacific Ocean and its seas the Bering, Okhotsk and Japanese Seas wash Russia in the east.
Russia’s greatest rivers are the Don and the Volga in its European part, and the Ob and the Yenisey in West Siberia. The largest river in Asian part of Russia is the Lena. The Volga flows into the Caspian Sea. The main Siberian rivers, the Ob, the Yenisei and the Lena, flow from south to north. The Ob is the longest river in Russia, but the Volga is the most important one. Many Russian towns are located on the Volga River: Vladimir, Tver, Yaroslavl, Kazan, and Nizhny Novgorod. Altogether there are over two million rivers in our country.
Lake Baikal is the largest fresh water lake in the world, one of the Seven Natural Wonders of the World, the pearl of Siberia. It’s 636 kilometers long and 80 kilometers wide and is surrounded by forests and mountains peaks, the waters of the lake are transparent to a depth (прозрачный до глубины) of 40 metres in summer. The lake has more than 2000 rare plants and animals – bears, elk (лось), lynx (рысь), sables (соболь), freshwater seal (тюлень), trout (форель), salmon (лосось) and sturgeon (осетр). It is fed by 336 rivers, with only one river feeding out (the Angara).
The climate of Russia differs from one part to another, from arctic in the north to subtropical in the south. But the prevailing one is a type of climate with four seasons. It is called temperate (умеренный). Winters are cold and windy with a lot of snow. Summers are hot and dry.
Russia is rich in mineral resources such as coal, oil, natural gas, as well as of iron ore, copper, zinc, lead and others. Natural resources determine the development of the Russian economy.
State Symbols of Russia
The state symbols of Russia are the Russian flag, the hymn of Russia and the coat of arms.
The State Russian flag is three-coloured. It has three horizontal stripes: white, blue and red. The white stripe stands for the earth, the blue one stands for the sky, and the red one stands for liberty.
The national emblem of Russia is the double-headed eagle. It is the most ancient symbol of Russia. Originally, it was one of the symbols of the Byzantine Empire. It was introduced in Russia in 1497 by Tsar Ivan III after he had married the niece of the last Byzantine Emperor, Sophia.
The Russian coat of arms consists of the double-headed eagle which has the figure of a horse rider who spears a viper upon its breast(пронзает гадюку копьем на своей груди)
Another symbol of Russia is Spasskaya Tower, because the Kremlin clock is on it.
Text about Russia’s Political System
The official name of the country is the Russian Federation or the RF.
Under the Constitution of 1993 Russia is a Presidential Republic. It is headed by the President who is elected for a four-year term. The President is commander–in–chef of the armed forces, he makes treaties, enforces laws(заключать договоры), appoints the Prime Minister, cabinet members, and key judges. The first Russian president was Boris Eltsin (since 1991).
The Russian government consists of three branches:
(1) Legislative \ законодательная (Federal Assembly, which consists of Federation Council (upper house) and State Duma (lower house). The Federal Council is not elected. It is formed of the heads of the regions;
(2) Executive\ исполнительная (President and his cabinet, prime minister);
(3) Judicial \ Судебный (the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court, and regional courts).
The State Duma is a lower house of Federal Assembly, which consists also of an upper house-Federation Council. The members of State Duma are elected by popular vote ( голосами избирателей) for a four year period.
Russia is a democratic society. Its citizens have many freedoms, among them freedom of speech, religion and the press.
The Russian language is the official language, but not the only language which people speak in Russia. Members of more than 60 other ethnic groups who live in Russia speak their own languages.
The great majority of the population of Russia is Russians. Russia is inhabited by sixty other nationalities.
Russia is densely populated (густонаселенный), but its population is unequally distributed. People prefer to live in the European part of the country. Siberia is thinly populated\ малонаселенный.The northern part of Russia is practically uninhabitable because of the length and severity of its winters. Russia is an urban country — the majority of the Russian citizens live in cities. They are Moscow and St. Petersburg.
There is no need to rack one’s brains about outings in Moscow as it has a lot of world-famous theatres and galleries, amusement parks and estate museums.
Let us start getting acquainted with the Moscow city with its theatres. The most famous of them, the Bolshoi and Maly Theatre, are just in the centre, in Teatralnaya Square. One more popular theatre, Moscow Art Theatre (the MkhAT), is just round the corner. Altogether in Moscow there are about ninety theatres, where you can find performances to every taste from classical to modern ones.
Also, in Moscow there are more than seventy museums and a lot of exhibitions of all kinds.
As for the galleries, any foreigner is sure to know the most popular gallery in Moscow. It is which is the center of Russian cultural life. It houses various exhibitions and it is the most visited gallery in the city. Also, the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts (Музей изобразительных искусств имени А. С. Пушкина) and the Shilov Gallery are definitely worth visiting because there you will enjoy not only paintings by brilliant artists but also a collection of different artifacts, sculpture and other valuable historic pieces экспонат\.
Tastes differ, you know. But in summer Moscow’s shady amusement parks are waiting for everybody. The most popular of them are Gorky Park, Sokolniky Park and Ismailovsky Park, to say nothing of the great estate museums such as Tsaritsino, Kolomenskoye or Kuskovo. They may not be at the top of the list of Moscow entertainment, but promise great enjoyment for a person of any age and background.
All in all\в целом, the Moscow’s places of public entertainment are so different that you will never be bored. Everybody will find where to go out, the only problem is what to choose: more real or more commercial. To my mind\ На мой взгляд, it just depends on the money you are going to spend.
Russia’s Famous People
All over the world Russia is famous for its cultural life. It is literature, music and art. Among Russia’s famous people there are writers, poets, artists, composers, scientists, sportsmen and others.
The best–known Russian writers and poets are Aleksander Pushkin , Michail Lermontov, Sergey Esenin, Nicolay Gogol, Ivan Turgenev, Leo Tolstoy, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Anton Chekhov, Boris Pasternak and others. They are popular throughout the world.
The greatest Russian composers are Aleksander Borodin, Modest Musorgsky, Nicolay Rimsky-Korsakov, and Peter Ilich Tchaikovsky .
The outstanding Russian artists and painters are Isaak Levitan, Repin, Vasnetsov, Shishkin, Surikov. Their pictures are exhibited in the Tretyakov Gallery, which is one of the most famous and well-known picture galleries in our country and in the world.
The first cosmonaut on the Earth, Yuri Gagarin was from Russia and he made his flight into space on the 12th of April in 1961.
The father of Russian science is Mikhail Lomonosov (the 1st in the picture). He was also an outstanding poet and the founder of Russian literature. He founded the first Russian university.
Mikhail Lomonosov
The Russian scientist Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov was born in 1711, in the village of Denisovka near the town of Kholmogory, Arkhangelsk Gubernia, in the family of fisherman.
As soon as he learned to read, little Mikhail read all the books he could get in his village. At the age of 17 he left his native place, and made his way to Moscow. In Moscow he successfully entered the Slav-Greek-Latin Academy, the only higher educational institution in Moscow at that time.
Neither conditions of work nor material difficulties discouraged\не обескуражили young Lomonosov. His brilliant capabilities\ блестящие возможности and hard work enabled him to complete the seven-grade curriculum \ учебная программа of the Academy in four years.
A year later he came to Petersburg, and then was sent abroad to study metallurgy and mining\ горнодобывающая промышленность.
In 1741, after his return to Russia, Lomonosov became a Professor of Chemistry and a full member \ действительный член of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Lomonosov was a man of unusual abilities. He made great achievements in the spheres of physics, chemistry, astronomy, geology, geography, linguistics and history. Among the numerous discoveries of Lomonosov was the Law of the Conservation of Mass (закон сохранения энергии).
Lomonosov himself considered chemistry his “main profession”, but he was at the same time the first Russian physicist. He gave all his energy to the promotion\ продвижение of Russian science. In 1755 thanks to his efforts the Moscow University was founded. The university became a major centre of Russian enlightenment \ просвещение and science.
Mikhail Lomonosov was the most famous person in the 18th century. He died in 1765 at the age of 54.
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IV) What’s in English for: ЛЕ V) Answer the following questions: 1)Where is Russia situated? 2)How large is Russia compared to other countries? 3)What countries does it border on? 4)What are Russia’s main regions? 5)What seas and oceans is Russia washed by? 6)What are the most important rivers in Russia? 7)What is the deepest lake in Russia? 8)What types of climate are there on the territory of Russia? 9)Which is the prevailing one? 10)Is Russia rich in natural resources? 11)What are Russia’s state symbols? 12)Who is the head of Russian Federation? 13)What is the official language of the Russian Federation? 14)What is the political structure of Russia? 15)What is Duma like? 16)What can you say about the population in Russia? 17)What are Russia’s most important cities?
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VI Finish sentences: 1. Russia is the world’s largest country in ____________. a) world b) area c) population 2. The Russian Federation is situated in _____and in_____. a) Europe, Ural b) Siberia,Asia c) Europe, Asia 3. What countries do not border Russia? a) Latvia, Poland, Lithuania b) Finland, China, Ukraine c) Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Norway d) France, Germany, Spain 4. Decide which of the following sentences is false. a) Russia borders many countries. b) Red Square is the heart of Moscow. c) The area of Russia is not large. 5. The Russian Federation is situated on two _________. a) mountains b) plains c) fields 6. What is the official name of our country? a) The Russian Union b) The Federation of Russia c)The Russian Federation 15. 7. What mountain chain separates Europe from Asia? a) The Caucasian b) The Carpathian c) The Urals 8. What tree is a symbol of Russia? a) A birch b)An oak c) A fir tree |
9. In what year did Yuri Gagarin become the first man in space? a) 1956 b) 1961 c) 1964 10. Which Russian leader founded St Petersburg, and moved the Russian capital there? a) Catherine the Great b) Nicholas II c) Vladimir Lenin d) Peter the Great 11. Who is considered the greatest Russian poet? a) Anna Pavlova b) Alexander Pushkin c) Garry Kasparov d) Andrei Tarkovsky 12. How many letters are in the Russian alphabet? a) 32 b) 33 c) 34 13. Which city did host the 2014 Winter Olympics? a) Moscow b) Yekaterinburg c)Perm d) Sochi 14. Which year did Moscow host the Summer Olympics a) 1972 b) 1980 c) 1984 d) 1988 15. Which Russian banknote features a picture of the Bolshoi Theatre? a) 50 rouble note b) 100 rouble note c) 500 rouble note 16. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky was a famous... a) Poet b) General c) Gymnast d)Composer 17. Who wrote War and Peace? a) Alexander Pushkin b) Nikolai Gogol c) Fyodor Dostoyevsky d) Leo Tolstoy VII) Speak about Russia IIX) Write down a story about Russian celebrity\ famous person and get ready to speak on this topic
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I)Phonetics. Listen, repeat and read:
The Russian language is the official language, but not the only language which people speak in
Разработка по теме "Россия "
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