Дидактический материал по английскому языку «PROBLEMS OF CITIES AND COUNTRYSIDE»
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16.08.2018
Данный дидактический материал составлен для студентов второго курса по теме "Проблемы города и деревни". Материал используется на 3-4 уроках и содержит тексты, вопросы, упражнения, диалоги и стихи (The City Mouse And The Country Mouse, This Is the Key of the Kingdom), также обсуждаются пословицы по теме.Данный дидактический материал составлен для студентов второго курса по теме "Проблемы города и деревни".
Дидактический материал Город и деревня.docx
Государственное бюджетное профессиональное образовательное учреждение
Нижегородской области
«Краснобаковский лесной колледж»
Воронина М.В.
Дидактический материал
по английскому языку для студентов II курса
« PROBLEMS OF CITIES AND COUNTRYSIDE» Красные Баки
2018 год
PROBLEMS OF CITIES AND COUNTRYSIDE
1.New words
countryside – сельская местность
wellpaid – хорошооплаченный
village деревня
city город
all in all – в общем
bustle суета
accommodation условия
in the rush hour – в час пик
citydweller – житель города
emissions выбросы
combustion plants – установка для сжигания
underground метро
2. Read the text.
Lots of people prefer living in cities rather than in the countryside because
it is often easier to get good education and find a wellpaid job. Besides, there is usually
a wide choice of public transport, so you don’t need to own a car, which is necessary
when you live in the countryside. What is more, there are a lot of interesting things
to do and places to see. If you live in the village, you have almost nowhere to go, but
if you live in the city, you can eat in good restaurants, visit museums, and go to the
theatre and to concerts. All in all, city life is full of bustle and variety, and you will
never feel bored.
However, some people choose to live in the countryside because living in a city
is often very expensive. It is particularly difficult to find good cheap accommodation.
What is more, public transport is sometimes crowded and dirty, particularly in the rush
hour, and even the parks can become very crowded, especially on Sundays when
it seems that every citydweller is looking for some open space or green grass. On the
contrary, the air in the countryside is very clean and there are no noisy crowds, so living
in the country can be useful for your health. Last of all, despite all the crowds, it is still
possible to feel very lonely in a city because people often don’t know their neighbours
whereas in the countryside people know each other and you have many friends.
In my opinion, it’s possible to solve most of the problems of big cities, for
example, the problem of pollution. Cutting down on emissions from large combustion
plants and exhaust fumes from vehicles would help solve the problem. I think
we should try to use alternative energy such as solar energy and wind energy and design
plants and cars that run on electricity, a much cleaner fuel than petrol. In addition, I think the government should ban cars from city centres. We can also improve the
situation with traffic if the government encourages people to use the underground more.
I would argue that if the underground was made cheaper, many people would decide
to leave their cars at home.
As for me, I would prefer city life because I am keen on visiting theatres,
cinemas, museums and galleries and do not mind noise and pollution. Besides, my city
offers me good opportunities to continue my education and I hope to find a prestigious
job in the future. However, I enjoy the peace and fresh air of the countryside and
in summer I usually go to my country house where I have a good time with my friends.
3. Exercises
№1. Answer the questions:
1. Is the city life stressful? Why?
2. How would you improve the living conditions in the place where you live?
3. Why do young people tend to live in cities?
4. Where do you think people will live in the future, in cities or in the countryside?
Why?
5. Would you like to change the place where you live? Why?
№2. Give a talk on the life in the city. Remember to discuss:
• why people prefer to live in the city
• why some people choose to live in the countryside
• whether it is possible to solve all the problems of big cities, why
• where would you prefer to live, why.
№3. Fill the table: write pros and cons of living in the city and in the countryside.
Place
Pros
Cons
city
countryside
№4. Speak about your native town (settlement):
1. What place are you from?
2. Where is it situated?
3. What is its population?
4. When was it founded? 5. Whom was it founded by?
6. Do you like your native place?
7. Does it play an important role in the cultural life?
№5. Write a short article about where you would like to go and why? Use the word
combinations from exercise 3.
№6. Discuss in the pairs:
Are you live in the city or in the country? Tell the reasons why you like live there
where you are. Think about place where you live. What sounds can you hear?
in the morning?
in the evening?
in the afternoon?
at night?
№7. Match the words with the correct definitions:
1. cinema
2. disco
3. post office
4. sports centre
5. supermarket
6. hospital
7. bank
8. restaurant
9. car park
10. airport
11. museum
12. theatre
13. church
14. library
15. market
16. police station
17. underground station
18. school
19. stadium
20. rail station
a) park your car
b) eat and drink
c) change money
d) catch a plane
e) dance
f) see paintings by famous artists
g) buy stamps
h) watch a play
i) see a film
j) catch a train
k) watch a football match
l) buy fruit and vegetables
m) pray
n) report a robbery
o) buy food, drinks and home articles
p) take the underground
q) read a book
r) have lessons
s) have a surgery
t) swim and play sports
№8. Match the opposites. Create sentences with the opposites
noisy, clean, boring, cheap, dangerous, tourist, industrial, exciting, safe, quiet, busy,
small, interesting, ugly, expensive, dirty, residencial, polluted, beautiful, crowded,
comercial, peaceful. Read, translate and act out the following dialogue.
Dialogue 1
If you had an opportunity to choose, where would you live?
If I could choose, I would prefer to live in a big city like London. It’s a wonderful
city. I’ll be able to walk in beautiful parks and spend my free time in the
museums.
I don’t think it’s a good idea to live in a big city. Well, it’s great to come
to London as a tourist but if you live there all the time, I’m sure you will be fed
up with all these sights. Just think about noise, pollution and traffic jams during
rush hours. Besides, accommodation in big cities is rather expensive because
there aren’t enough houses for everybody.
As for me, I don’t mind noise and pollution. But if I live in a city, I’ll be able
to find an interesting job and earn a lot of money.
I can’t agree with you. It’s difficult to find a job in a big city. You’ll have
problems with getting to work. As for me, I would prefer to work for myself and
live somewhere in the countryside.
Why?
First of all, the air in the countryside is fresh and there is no pollution.
I ’11 be able to grow fruit and vegetables for my family and we will enjoy
a healthy lifestyle. Besides, I’ll live in my own house with lots of rooms. I think
it’s better than living in a small stuffy flat in the city.’
I would agree with you but, in my opinion, there is nothing to do in the
countryside. You’ll soon get bored with such a lifestyle. In addition, I think
it’s very hard to grow fruit and vegetables. You’ll have to work hard all day long.
And in case of bad weather, you can lose all your crops.
Dialogue 2
What about living in the mountains? The air and water in the mountains are
exceptionally clean and we would be able to enjoy magnificent mountain views.
But what shall we do for a living? I think it’s impossible to find any work in the
mountains.
Not exactly. We could work as tourist guides in summer and in winter we could
teach tourists downhill skiing. Our life will be easy and exciting!
On the contrary, it will be rather boring: only work and absolutely no
entertainment. There are no cinemas and theatres in the mountains. Besides,
it’s always cold there and life can be really dangerous because of severe weather
conditions.
Let’s live in a small town at the seaside. The climate is warm and nice there.
We could open a small hotel near the sea and have lots of tourists. It’s not hard
to run a private hotel. Besides, we’ll have an opportunity to communicate with
people from all over the world. It’s exciting! Great idea! There is no pollution at the seaside and we can enjoy a healthy
lifestyle. We could go to the beach early in the morning or late in the evening and
swim in the sea. And we could eat lots of fruit and vegetables.
And if we get bored with the sea and the sun we could go to the cinema
or to a disco with our friends. So, what place do you think we should choose?
If you agree, we’ll choose to live at the seaside.
I completely agree with you.
The City Mouse And The Country Mouse
Learn by heart the poems
A City Mouse, with ways polite,
A Country Mouse invited
To sup with him and spend the night.
Said Country Mouse: "Delighted!"
In truth it proved a royal treat,
With everything that's good to eat.
Alas! When they had just begun
To gobble their dinner,
A knock was heard that made them run.
The City Mouse seemed thinner.
And as they scampered and turned tail,
He saw the Country Mouse grow pale.
The knocking ceased. A false alarm!
The City Mouse grew braver.
"Come back!" he cried. "No, no! The farm,
Where I'll not quake or quaver,
Suits me," replied the Country Mouse.
"You're welcome to your city house."
Jean de La Fontaine
This Is the Key of the Kingdom.
This is the key of the kingdom.
In that kingdom there is a city,
In that city there is a town,
In that town there is a street,
In that street there is a lane,
In that lane there is a yard,
In that yard there is a house,
In that house there is a room,
In that room there is a bed, In that bed there is a basket,
In that basket there are some flowers.
Discuss the proverbs
There is no place like my home.
East or West – Home is best.
An Englishman’s home is his castle.
Every bird likes its own nest best.
The city of Nizhniy Novgorod is my native place. I mean to say that I was born in
Texts for reading
My native city
it and I have been living here since my birthday.
This large city is known as an important industrial, commercial and cultural
centre as well. It is one of the largest cities in Russia. Its population amounts to nearly
two million people. It is situated at the confluence of two great Russian rivers – the
Volga and the Oka. The city is administratively divided into 9 districts, but traditionally
and geographically, it is divided into two major parts – the Upper part and the Lower
part. Nizhniy Novgorod has a rich historical past. It was founded by the Russian prince
Yuri Vsevolodovich in 1221. Many outstanding and famous people were born or lived
here among whom one can find the names of Russian writers, composers and artists,
such as Balakirev, Shalyapin, Korolenko and many others.
The best way to see the sights of Nizhniy Novgorod is to go to Minin Square
which is situated in the centre of the city. In the middle of the square there is a
monument to Kozma Minin, out national hero. In front of it there is the Kremlin – an
ancient Russian fortress. Now it is used as a museum. Inside the Kremlin you can
admire a fine specimen of Russian architecture – Archangelskiy Cathedral. Minin is
buried in it.
The business heart of Nizhniy Novgorod is Big Pokrovskaya Street in which the
main banks, shops and offices are concentrated. This place is always overcrowded and
noisy. It is always full of people. A lot of old and magnificent buildings are to be found
here.
Our city is considered to be a great educational centre as well. Nizhniy Novgorod
has a highly developed industry. It is wellknown all over the world for its Automobile
Plant that produces cars and trucks and for the Sormovo Plant which produces river and
sea boats.
My native city is a beautiful place. There are a lot of magnificent buildings,
historical monuments, wonderful parks, squares and gardens in it. It has quite a number
of churches and cathedrals, many of which have been restored lately. The guest of our
city enjoy walking along the HighVolga Embankment from which they can get a
beautiful view over the Volga, the river port and many sights as well. Answer the questions:
1. What is the centre of modern Nizhniy Novgorod?
2. How many parts is it traditionally divided into?
3. What monument is there in the middle of Minin Square?
4. How was the Kremlin used in old times?
5. What famous Russian citizens were born and lived here?
6. What places of interest would you like to show to the tourists?
7. What is the most beautiful place in Nizhniy Novgorod, do you think?
Read short descriptions of some of the biggest and the most important cities in the
US and be ready to tell your groupmates about them.
Los Angeles is the largest city on the west coast and the second most populous
city in the USA preceded only by New York. It currently has a population of nine
million and an area of 480 square miles. How can one describe this city of contrasts,
with every possible type of architecture where skyscrapers contrast with the Mexican
quarter? It was created in 1781 by the Governor of California and was called in
SpanishThe Town of Our Lady, the Queen of the Angels Los Angeles for short. The
main growth of Los Angeles did not begin until after the arrival of the Southern Pacific
Railroad in 1876 and the Santa Fe Railroad in 1885. From 1890 to 1940, Los Angeles
was the focus of a prosperous orangegrowing area and developed as a resort. The city's
population doubled in the 1920s, as new discoveries enriched the oil industry and
Hollywood became the centre of the film industry. Aircraft manufacturers became the
city's primary engines of growth during and after World War II. Developers bought up
cheap land and built whole new communities, such as Lakewood, for the growing
workforce, while old housing in Watts and southcentral Los Angeles became home to
incoming blacks and Hispanics. These ghettos became a symbol of American urban ills
such as unemployment, housing decay, and poverty. The district of Watts exploded in
protest riots in August 1965; 34 people died. One of the worst riots in US history
erupted in southcentral Los Angeles in April 1992 after the acquittal of four white
police officers charged with the videotaped beating of a black suspect, Rodney King; 58
people died in the rioting. In April 1993, two of the police officers were convicted for
their roles in the beating of King, and the two other officers were acquitted.
In late October and early November 1993, bushfires spread through parts of the
Los Angeles metropolitan area and destroyed thousands of hectares of property. In
January 1994, an earthquake measuring 6.7 on the Richter scale struck Los Angeles.
The quake caused three major motorways to collapse, disabling the city's road system.
Fiftyseven people were killed, and thousands of buildings were damaged or destroyed.
The parks of Los Angeles contain many of the city's recreational and cultural
facilities. The El Pueblo de Los Angeles State Historic Park includes the Plaza Church
(1822) and the lively Mexican shops of Olvera Street. Hancock Park is the site of the
Los Angeles County Museum of Art, and the George C. Page La Brea Discoveries Museum. Griffith Park contains the Los Angeles Zoo and the Gene Autry Western
Heritage Museum. Exposition Park is the site of a museum of science and industry; a
natural history museum; and the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, home of the Los
Angeles Raiders American football team. Elysian Park, in central Los Angeles, is the
location of Dodger Stadium, home of the Los Angeles Dodgers baseball team.
Other points of interest in Los Angeles include the Armand Hammer Museum of
Art and Cultural Center; the History Center of the California Historical Society; the
Southwest Museum, featuring a collection of Native American artefacts; the Museum of
Contemporary Art; and the Hollywood Bowl an amphitheatre. The Civic Center, a
massive complex of government buildings, includes the Los Angeles City Hall and the
Music Center for the Performing Arts Complex. Popular among tourists are the Farmers
Market, an openair bazaar of shops and restaurants; Chinatown; Little Tokyo; and the
film studios located in Hollywood and nearby Burbank and Culver City. Two
communities on the outskirts of LA Beverly Hills and Hollywood Hills are home to
many celebrities.
This paragraph summarizes the text on Los Angeles. Supply the missing
information
Los Angeles was… in 1781 by the Governor of California. The main growth of
the city began after… of the Southern Pacific Railroad in 1876. Los Angeles… as a
resort. One of the worst… in US history erupted in southcentral LA in April 1992
after…of four white police officers…with…of a black suspect.
In January 1994, a…measuring 6.7 on…struck Los Angeles.
The parks of Los Angeles contain many of the city's… and cultural…. Exposition
Park is the sight of a land natural history museum. Other points of interest include the
southwest Museum featuring a…of Native Americans… .
Popular among tourists is the Farmer Market, an…bazaar of…and… .
New York is a true attraction on its own. It is difficult to describe and understand.
You can say anything you like about it and always be right. If you listen to different
people talking about it they can each describe a different town. For some, it is a centre
for art, music and theatre, for others, a city of finance and politics. New York is
America's most populous city, and one of the world's leading commercial, financial, and
cultural centres. New York is subdivided into five boroughs; in descending order of
area, the boroughs are Queens, Brooklyn, Staten Island, the Bronx, and Manhattan.
Almost all of the Bronx is situated on the mainland, but the other boroughs are situated
on, or comprise, islands. In all, New York comprises some 50 islands. In postal
addresses, New York City is synonymous with Manhattan.
New York has been the first glimpse of American city life for the 12 million
foreigners who arrived in New York harbor during the wave of European immigration
between 1892 and 1924. The first destination of many tourists to the USA today is this
"gateway to America". The population of the city remains more racially and ethnically diverse than many areas of the United States. In 1990, the population of New York was
52 per cent white, 29 per cent black, 7 per cent Asian and Pacific Islander, and 12 per
cent other races. Those of Hispanic origin comprised 24 per cent of the total population.
The latest influx is from postCommunist Russia. Land area, 800 sq km. Population
7,311,966.
New York is a financial, commercial, manufacturing, and tourist centre. A
national focus of road, rail, water, and air transport, it also contains the headquarters of
many major corporations. The financial district of Lower Manhattan, centred on Wall
and Broad streets, includes the New York Stock Exchange (1817) and a United States
Federal Reserve bank as well as other prominent banking, brokerage, and financial
institutions. Much domestic and international trade is conducted in New York's offices.
Two international airports: Guardia and John F. Kennedy, both in Queens, major air
cargo terminals, and large amounts of freight pass through the city's port facilities.
Wholesale and retail trade are important to New York's economy. The city is
particularly noted for its many retail outlets, including large department stores and
specialized shops. Fifth and Madison avenues, in Manhattan, are especially famous for
their elegant shops.
As a manufacturing centre, New York is a national leader in the production of
clothing (notably in the Garment District of Midtown Manhattan on the West Side),
printed materials, and processed foods. Other principal products include wood, paper,
and metal goods, machinery, chemicals, and textiles.
New York, and particularly Manhattan, boasts many distinguished architectural
sites. Skyscrapers dominate the skyline; the Flatiron Building, completed in 1902, was
one of the first in the city. Others include the Chrysler Building (1930), the Woolworth
Building (1915), the Empire State Building (1931), the group of buildings that
constitute Rockefeller Center (1931). Older structures include Gracie Mansion (late
18th century), now the mayor's residence, and City Hall (18021811). Among the city's
wellknown churches are St Patrick's Cathedral (1879), the Cathedral Church of St John
the Divine (1892) New York's most famous landmark is the Statue of Liberty (1886) on
Liberty Island; Ellis Island, from 1892 to 1954 was the point of entry of immigrants to
the United States; Grand Central Terminal (1913) is the main railway station; and the
vast United Nations complex is along the East River in Midtown Manhattan.
Professional baseball teams play at Yankee Stadium in the Bronx (New York Yankees),
and Shea Stadium in Queens (New York Mets). Other major sports facilities in the city
include Madison Square Garden in Manhattan, home of the New York Knickerbockers
(Knicks) basketball and New York Rangers ice hockey teams. The New York Islanders
ice hockey team plays in Nassau Veterans Memorial Coliseum in nearby Uniondale.
Among the leading art museums are the vast Metropolitan Museum of Art; the
Museum of Modern Art; the Frick Collection; the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum,
and the Whitney Museum of American Art. Other museums include the American
Museum of Natural History; the Jewish Museum; El Museo del Barrio, devoted to the
culture of Puerto Rico and Latin America; the Studio Museum in Harlem, exhibiting
works by black artists; and the National Museum of the American Indian. The centre of the city's theatre district is Times Square, with more than 30 theatres. Near the south
western corner of Central Park is the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, a large
cluster of buildings that includes the Metropolitan Opera House; Avery Fisher Hall,
home of the PhilharmonicSymphony Society of New York, commonly known as the
New York Philharmonic; the New York State Theater, where the New York City Ballet
and New York City Opera perform.
In September 2003 New York suffered a largescale interruption of electric power
through a technical failure in the electrical power system, which brought wide media
attention around the world. For more than 24 hours New York City citizens were
without electricity.
How much have you learn? Complete the sentences
1. New York is
a. the 1st destination of tourists to the USA today.
b. a small town
c. has never been very important to the US economy
2. New York is subdivided into boroughs
a.8
b.9
c.5
3. The New York Stock Exchange and a US Federal Reserve bank are situated:
a. on Wall street
b. on Madison avenue
c. on 25th street
4.The first skyscraper in New York was built in 1902, it was
a. the Chrysler Building
b. the Empire State Building
c. the Flatiron Building
5. The United Nations complex is
a. on Liberty Island
b. in the Bronx
c. along the Esat River
6. On Madison avenue one can find
a. the leading art museums
b. elegant shops
c. Yankee Stadium 7.The centre of New York theatre district is
a. Times Square
b. Central Park
с. Harlem
8.The works by black artists are exhibited in
a. S.R.Guggenheim Museum
b. El Museo del Barrio
c. the Studio Museum
Statue of Liberty the most famous monument in the world.
It is a colossal statue on Liberty Island located in the harbor of New York. The
statue and the island were declared a national monument in 1924. The statue
symbolizes liberty and is in the form of a woman who holds a torch in her right hand
and carries in her left a book inscribed “July 4, 1776”; broken chains, symbolizing the
tyranny, lie at her feet.
The statue is one of the largest in the world. It measures 93.5 m from the bottom
of the pedestal to the tip of the torch. The figure itself is 46.4 m high; the right arm is
12.8 m long; the hand is 5.03 m long; and the head, which is reachable by staircase or
lift, measures 8.5 m from neck to diadem. The statue weighs 250 tons.
Originally conceived as a gesture of international friendship, the statue has
become a global symbol of freedom, marking the arrival of millions of immigrants to
the United States.
Liberty island is reachable through the ferry service. The ferry ride is about 40
min however the passengers should allow 3 hours to visit the Statue of Liberty
because of the long lines to board the ferry. Please be aware that large packages and
suitcases are not permitted on the ferry or on the island. Visitors and their belongings
are subject to inspection. The security service appreciates the patience and
understanding of travelers of these procedures and the additional time they require.
Answer the questions:
1. Where is the Statue of Liberty located?
2. What does the Statue hold in her right hand?
3. What can you see at her feet?
4. Can tourists enjoy the view from the top of the statue?
Complete the sentences use the data from the text:
1. The statue is considered to be one of the largest in the world because…
2. The statue is regarded as the symbol of freedom because…
Дидактический материал по английскому языку «PROBLEMS OF CITIES AND COUNTRYSIDE»
Дидактический материал по английскому языку «PROBLEMS OF CITIES AND COUNTRYSIDE»
Дидактический материал по английскому языку «PROBLEMS OF CITIES AND COUNTRYSIDE»
Дидактический материал по английскому языку «PROBLEMS OF CITIES AND COUNTRYSIDE»
Дидактический материал по английскому языку «PROBLEMS OF CITIES AND COUNTRYSIDE»
Дидактический материал по английскому языку «PROBLEMS OF CITIES AND COUNTRYSIDE»
Дидактический материал по английскому языку «PROBLEMS OF CITIES AND COUNTRYSIDE»
Дидактический материал по английскому языку «PROBLEMS OF CITIES AND COUNTRYSIDE»
Дидактический материал по английскому языку «PROBLEMS OF CITIES AND COUNTRYSIDE»
Дидактический материал по английскому языку «PROBLEMS OF CITIES AND COUNTRYSIDE»
Дидактический материал по английскому языку «PROBLEMS OF CITIES AND COUNTRYSIDE»
Дидактический материал по английскому языку «PROBLEMS OF CITIES AND COUNTRYSIDE»
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