«Hairstyles of ancient Japan»

«Hairstyles of ancient Japan»






Преподаватель: Макарова И. В.

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Throughout its history, the Japanese paid a lot of attention to hair. Already in primitive Japanese society, hair was considered the center of human life force. Hairstyle emphasized the social situation of a particular person, the level of his wealth and importance. Cutting your hair or shaving your head meant giving up the worldly life, the joys that life brings.  Hairstyles have always been very important. Change hairstyles marked the stages of human maturation and change in its status. There were no accidental hairstyles. Looking at the head of a Japanese woman or a Japanese man of the middle ages, one could tell how old he (or she) was, to what class and whether there was a family

Hairstyles 3-6 centuries. On the left – a women's hairstyle, it came from the Shinto priests, who occupied a high position in the tribal and clan hierarchy. Hairstyles were decorated with plants, which believed attributed magical powers.  Right-a man's hairstyle. With such hairstyles usually depict the first Japanese emperors, the founders of the state of Yamato, and ancient Shinto gods, according to the legends of these emperors relatives. Later this hairstyle was worn by boys from noble families until their majority.

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Hairstyles for girls from aristocratic families

Hairstyles for boys from noble families

Japanese women's hair and makeup 6th-8th centuries. Red dots on the forehead and cheeks near the mouth showed the position of the woman in the court hierarchy. Hairstyles were decorated with studs of precious metals and combs. Wearing such a hairstyle had the right to only women of very high origin and status.

At the end of the 8th century, the capital of the Japanese state was the city of Heian-Kyo (now Kyoto). Japanese rulers began to distance themselves from the Buddhist influence that had become too strong in the old capital, Nara.  Heian's early fashions are not far from their Chinese originals. In the 9th century, the court ladies of the Imperial court still wore bundles fixed on the top.

Hairstyle lady-in-waiting of the end of the 9th century. Such, probably, was worn by the legendary beauty and poet of the early Hayana It-but Komachi.

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However, in the 10th century, some court men close to the Emperor, began to talk about the need to become their own, independent from China, culture. Tendencies towards independence from China was evident in the mod. In contrast to the complex beam, decorated with studs and combs, the fashion came long flowing hair, devoid of any jewelry. The first fashion for "natural life" in the history of mankind. Colors of dresses and their patterns had to repeat only natural combinations of colors, and strictly corresponding to the current season. And long luxurious hair emphasized the "naturalness" of their owner.

Hairstyles of the late Heian period, 10-12 century

Women's beauty was evaluated including the length of the hair. The longer the trail of luxurious well-groomed hair, reaching for the lady on the smooth boards of the Palace, the more beautiful their owner. The ladies of the court competed in the length of their hair. Some managed to grow hair up to 2 meters long. Since not everyone could boast of such wealth, the first tricks with false strands of foreign hair are about this time.

However, wash this beauty every day was not possible. Hair washed once a month, carefully choosing the right day with the help of court astrologers. When the beauty went to bed, her luxurious mane was placed next to the bed in a special box, so that the hair is not messed up during sleep.

Married ladies or under the protection of men were supposed to cut off two strands on the sides of the face. Shortened strands were placed on the woman's chest, so that her position was clear at once. Makeup somewhat simplified, instead of scarlet marks on the forehead and cheeks of women (and men too) drew a wide "additional" eyebrows about the middle of the forehead. Blackening of teeth as a means of care and protection against caries became fashionable.

From the 12th to the 16th century, Japan is entering a long period of civil wars. Power passes from the Emperor to the military, then back. In such conditions long, dragging on gender hair-only an unnecessary and misplaced luxury. Women's hairstyles are very practical and simple.

Hairstyle ladies from the family of the military aristocracy, the wives of samurai. Shorn strands of hair on the chest is borrowed from the courtiers of the hairstyles of the earlier period, and imply all the same that married the position of the wearer of the hairstyle. But the hair gathered back in a simple tail and intercepted along the length in several places an additional strap, so as not to be confused.

This hairstyle at the exit to the street was complemented by a wide-brimmed straw hat with a long mesh-veil on the edge.

Hat with veil "mushin tragino". The veil protected a woman from the prying eyes of strangers and at the same time served as protection from the sun and insects.

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Folksy hairstyle was more practical.

Hairstyle women from the common people. Long hair curled with a tourniquet and wrapped around his head. From above the head was tied with a rectangular piece of fabric. Such hairstyles, which became fashionable in the 12th century, existed in some remote villages until the beginning of the 20th century.