"Крым и Севастополь вернулись в родную гавань" Эссе по патриотическому воспитанию обучающихся
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Эссе "Крым и Севастополь вернулись в родную гавань" на английском языке- The Crimea and Sevastopol have returned home
Выполнено к первой годовщине возвращения Крыма и Севастополя в состав Российской Федерации.
В эссе представлен актуальный материал событий. Представлена история, традиции многонационального народа Крыма и Севастополя.
Прослеживается реальная история событий марта 2014 года, выбор жителей и голосование за возвращение в состав РФ.
Крым и Севастополь возвратились домой.docx
Министерство образования и науки Российской Федерации
Департамент образования города Москвы
Эссе по патриотическому воспитанию обучающихся
Тема : Крым и Севастополь возвратились
домой
(The Crimea and Sevastopol have returned
home)
Зайцева Елена Михайловна,
у
читель английского языка ГБПОУ»МКАГ»
1 Москва
2017
2 AN ESSAY
THE CRIMEA AND SEVASTOPOL HAVE RETURNED HOME
In March 2014 the Crimea and Sevastopol had to make a major alteration: to
be parts of Ukraine or join Russia as federal subjects. The referendum on the Status
of the Crimea and Sevastopol was held on March 16, 2014. More than 90 percent
of people voted for integration of the regions into the Russian Federation.
Following the referendum, the Supreme Council of the Crimea and Sevastopol
City Council declared the independence of the Republic of Crimea from Ukraine
and requested to join the Russian Federation. On the same day Russia recognized
the Republic of Crimea as a sovereign state.
The Treaty on Accession of the Republic of Crimea to Russia was signed
between representatives of the Republic of Crimea, including Sevastopol, and the
Russian Federation on 18 March 2014 for the immediate admission of the Republic
of Crimea and Sevastopol as federal subjects of Russia and part of the Russian
Federation. It was ratified by the Federal Assembly on 21 March 2014. The
Crimea and Sevastopol has returned home.
Why have the people opted for Russia? To begin with, nobody asked the
people when in 1954 the Crimean Region was incorporated in the Ukrainian SSR
on the occasion of the 300th anniversary of Ukraine’s reunification with Russia.
Sevastopol remained in Russia. Since its foundation in1783 Sevastopol has always
been the base of the Russian Black Sea Fleet. After the dissolution of the Soviet
Union in 1991 Sevastopol became the Ukrainian town. But the people of Sevastopol
always considered themselves to be the Russians. In its anthem Sevastopolites call the
city “ the town of Russian seamen”.
A major key argument to opt for Russia is the question with the native language.
Ukrainian is the only state language of Ukraine. Nevertheless, the Russian
language is the first language in the Crimea and Sevastopol.
Russian was
declared a regional language. The Ukrainian National Council on Television and
Radio Broadcasting shut down the broadcast of Russian television channels.
Russian movies and TV series were banned in Ukraine. The number of Russian
teaching schools has reduced since Ukrainian independence.
What is more, the situation in Ukraine was worse when public protests began
in Maidan Nezalezhnosti in Kiev in November 2013. The protests soon developed
into a turmoil during which hundreds were injured and more than 100 people
killed. Certain is, however, that nationalist, xenophobic, and antiSemite groups,
3 such as the “Right Sector” or the “Svoboda” party played a role, an especially
crucial one during the violent phases of the protests. The protests led to the 2014
Ukrainian revolution the Revolution of Dignity. The Crimean people followed
the turmoil in Kiev closely, they understood what would wait for them, the
nationalists and the “Right Sector” were a real threat to the life and security of
Russian citizens living in the Crimea. That is why they held a referendum. More
than 95 percent voted for integration of the region into the Russian Federation.
Why? The Crimea had close economic and cultural ties with Russia, it was a
popular health resort for Russians, millions of tourists visited the Crimea, pensions
in Russia are higher than in Ukraine, many Crimeans have relatives in Russia.
Therefore the referendum led to a result in favour of an accession to Russia.
On the other hand, the arguments against opting Ukraine are extremely
convincing. Progress on implementing reforms in independent Ukraine has been
very slow, little progress has been made in improving the economy. The Crimean
people didn’t want to live in a state where the constitution had been flouted, laws
had been ignored, elections had been manipulated, the press had been suppressed, a
level of corruption had produced great social injustice, Ukraine had been turned
into a private business for oligarchic clans for years. They didn’t want to live in the
country where the nationalists and the members of the Right Sector with the
OUN’s blackandred banners calling out “Glory to Ukraine!”,”Death to the
enemies!’’ paraded during the Euromaidan protests.
In conclusion, Russia has always been in the heart of the Crimean people,
that’s why the Crimea and Sevastopol have returned home.
HISTORICAL REFERENCE
Crimean land
What is the Crimea? It is a land of great beauty which leaves indifferent no
one who has ever visited it. “ A land of eternal sunshine” this is how the great
Ukrainian poet Lesya Ukrainka referred to the Crimea. In the minds of many
people the Crimea is associated with the picturesque south coast its fine health
4 centers, caressing waves of the sea, lovely beaches and shady parks, beautiful
palaces and museums.
The region lies on the Crimean Peninsula, which, like a ship cutting the waves,
runs out into the Black Sea; in the northeast it is washed by the Sea of Azov, and
only the narrow Perekop Isthmus connects it with the mainland Ukraine.
2 500 000 people live in the region, whose area is 27 000 square kilometers.
The Crimea has 16 cities, many of which are wellknown, the regional center of
Simferopol, Sevastopol, Yalta, the ancient cities of Kerch, Yeypatoria, Feodosia,
Sudak. The territory оf the region is divided into 15 administrative districts. The
population includes mainly Russians and Ukrainians; there are also Byelorussians,
Estonians, Armenians, Jews, Tatars, Georgians and people of other nationalities.
5 The Crimea has such industries as food, light, chemical, shipbuilding, fishery
and the production of building materials. Agriculture here is intensive. The Crimea
is famous for its wine and fruits: grapes, peaches, plums and apples.
The region has some universities and quite a few cultural establishments: the
Crimean Philharmonic, five theatres, a lot of cultural centers, museums, libraries,
66 children’s musical and art schools.
Retracing the Region’s past
The Crimea is an ancient land, which has a long and rich history. The most
ancient mention of the Crimea in the world literature is that of Homer. In his great
poem «Odyssey», which dates back to the IXVII cc. ВС there are lines :
«There lies the Cimmerians’ country covered by an eternally Wet fog and shadows of
clouds; never shows to people his brilliant face Helios…»
The first written mention of the Crimea occurs in Herodotus (485 — 425 ВС) who
visited Olbia in the V century ВС. The «Father of History» reports that » the Tauri
tribe inhabits the mountainous country adjoining the sea and jutting out into the Pont
as far as the Rocky Peninsula…»
This territory, called Taurica or Taurida, was occupied by the Tauri till the 1st century
AD. They were farmers and fishermen, who knew pottery and how to cast bronze. In
the 6th century ВС, the first ancient Greek citycolonies appeared along the shores of
the Black Sea. The Bosphoran Kingdom and Chersonesus were especially known.
6 Chersonesus was the slave owning democratic republic.
The peninsula was a busy junction for international roads from East to West and
from North to South. Different tribes and peoples were succeeded by new, even more
formidable invaders. Hardly ever any territory had so many invaders as the Crimean
peninsula did: the Scythians, the Romans, the Sarmatians, the Goths, the Khozars.
From the early Middle Ages the population of the Crimean Peninsula maintained
close contacts with Kievan Rus. Kievan Rus’ influence in the Crimea increased after
the victorious campaign of Prince Vladimir against Chersonesus in 988. In the 13 th
century the southern Crimean coast fell into the power of Genoa, then it became the
Ulus of the Golden Horde. By the mid15th century the Ulus had become an
independent Crimean Khanate.
Its independence did not last long – in1475 the Crimea was overrun by Turkish
troops and the Khanate became a vassal of the Sultan empire. In 1771 during the
Russo Turkish war Russian troops marched into the Crimea. On April 8, 1783 the
Crimean territory became part of the Russian State. After the annexation of the
7 Crimea by Catherine II, the peninsula became the home to Ukrainians, Russians,
Bulgarians, Germans, and Swiss. The people of the Crimea heroically defended their
land during the Eastern( Crimean) War (18531856) and the Great Patriotic War
(19411945). Sevastopol and Kerch are hero cities , Feodossia is the town of military
glory.
In 1954 when the peoples of the USSR celebrated the 300th anniversary of
Ukraine’s reunification with Russia the Crimean Region was incorporated in the
Ukrainian SSR. Making this decision the Supreme Soviet of the USSR took into
account the closeness of their territories, the common character of their economies,
the similarities of languages, character and history. This important act was a
manifestation of the inviolable centuryold friendship of two fraternal peoples the
Russians and the Ukrainians.
RETURN THE CRIMEA HOME
In 1991 after the dissolution of the Soviet Union Ukraine became an
independent state. Newly independent Ukraine maintained Crimea an autonomous
status which provided the Crimea with a certain set of authorities and allowed,
inter alia, to hold referendums. The Crimea is populated by an ethnic
Russian majority and a minority of both ethnic Ukrainians and Crimean Tatars.
Ukraine had become a focus of geostrategical interests. It was torn between the
European Union on the one hand, Russia on the other. In Kiev in late November
2013 after President Viktor Yanukovych, of the Party of Regions, suspended the
signing of the Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement
the Euromaidan protest movement began in Kiev. The protests soon developed into
a turmoil during which hundreds were injured and more than 100 people killed.
Certain is, however, that nationalist, xenophobic, and antisemite groups, such as
the “Right Sector” or the “Svoboda” party played a role, an especially crucial one
during the violent phases of the protests.
8 After months of such protests, Yanukovych was ousted by the protesters on 22
February 2014, when he fled the Ukrainian capital city of Kiev. The protests led to
the 2014 Ukrainian revolution the Revolution of Dignity. The Crimean people
followed the turmoil in Kiev closely, they understood what would wait for them,
the nationalists and the “Right Sector” were a real threat to the life and security of
Russian citizens living in the Crimea.
The February 2014 revolution sparked a political crisis in the Crimea. In
Sevastopol thousands protested against the new Ukrainian government, and
created civil defence squads Protesters waved Russian flags, chanted "Putin is our
president!", On 25 February, several hundred proRussian protesters blocked the
Crimean parliament demanding a referendum on the Crimea’s independence.
The parliament held an emergency session. Sergey Aksyonov was appointed
Prime Minister of the Crimea. He asked Russian President Vladimir Putin for
"assistance in ensuring peace and public order" in the Crimea. Putin promptly
received authorisation from the Federation Council of Russia for a Russian
military intervention in Ukraine "until normalization of the situation’. On 4
March, Russian President Vladimir Putin said that Russia was not considering
annexing Crimea. He said that "only citizens themselves, in conditions of free
expression of will and their security can determine their future".A referendum on
the status of the Crimea was held on March 16, 2014. The referendum asked local
population whether they wanted to join Russia as a federal subject, or if they
wanted to restore the 1992 the Crimean constitution and Crimea's status as a part
of Ukraine.
9 The official result from the Autonomous Republic of Crimea was a 96.77 percent
vote for integration of the region into the Russian Federation
10 Following the referendum, the Supreme Council of the Crimea and Sevastopol
City Council declared the independence of the Republic of Crimea from Ukraine
and requested to join the Russian Federation On the same day, Russia recognized
the Republic of Crimea as a sovereign state.
The Treaty on Accession of the Republic of Crimea to Russia was signed
between representatives of the Republic of Crimea, including Sevastopol, and the
Russian Federation on 18 March 2014 to lay out terms for the immediate
admission of the Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol as federal subjects of
Russia and part of the Russian Federation. It was ratified by the Federal
Assembly on 21 March 2014. The Crimea has returned home.
References
Wikipedia 2014 Ukrainian revolution
Crisis
The
Crimean
Geopolitical Weekly FEBRUARY 24, 2014 Ukraine Turns From Revolution to
Recovery
"EuroMaidan ralles in Ukraine (20 Jan updates)". Kyiv Post. 21 January 2014
"Ukraine protests: Death toll rises as police and protestors clash after truce
collapses". Daily Express. Retrieved 12 March 2014.
Damien McElroy (23 February 2014). "Ukraine revolution: live – Ukraine's
president has disappeared as world awakes to the aftermath of a revolution". The
Daily Telegraph.
11 6,TTthhe 18was played on November 6,
1869, between two college teams
Rutgers and Princeton.
12
"Крым и Севастополь вернулись в родную гавань" Эссе по патриотическому воспитанию обучающихся
"Крым и Севастополь вернулись в родную гавань" Эссе по патриотическому воспитанию обучающихся
"Крым и Севастополь вернулись в родную гавань" Эссе по патриотическому воспитанию обучающихся
"Крым и Севастополь вернулись в родную гавань" Эссе по патриотическому воспитанию обучающихся
"Крым и Севастополь вернулись в родную гавань" Эссе по патриотическому воспитанию обучающихся
"Крым и Севастополь вернулись в родную гавань" Эссе по патриотическому воспитанию обучающихся
"Крым и Севастополь вернулись в родную гавань" Эссе по патриотическому воспитанию обучающихся
"Крым и Севастополь вернулись в родную гавань" Эссе по патриотическому воспитанию обучающихся
"Крым и Севастополь вернулись в родную гавань" Эссе по патриотическому воспитанию обучающихся
"Крым и Севастополь вернулись в родную гавань" Эссе по патриотическому воспитанию обучающихся
"Крым и Севастополь вернулись в родную гавань" Эссе по патриотическому воспитанию обучающихся
"Крым и Севастополь вернулись в родную гавань" Эссе по патриотическому воспитанию обучающихся
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