Презентация Научный проект «Influence of environmental impact on the health and development of a fetus"
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Научно-исследовательская работа
ppt
английский язык
10 кл
09.04.2017
Тема научного проекта «Влияние окружающей среды на здоровье и развитие плода» на английском языке ученицы 10 класса Мискевич Елизаветы КГУ "Средняя школа-гимназия №1" города Кокшетау, Казахстан.
Тема проекта актуальна именно сегодня, потому как наше общество нуждается в современном здоровом поколении.
Проблема, которая обсуждается в проекте, это загрязненная окружающая среда и радиация.
Объектом исследования является – мать и плод.
Гипотеза: все болезни и их проявления зависят от наследственной предрасположенности человека к ним.
В ходе работы были изучены факторы окружающей среды на развитие плода, ребенка, влияющие на здоровье человека в целом, мнения врачей. Гипотеза подтвердилась.
По итогам работы над проектом сделаны выводы и даны рекомендации, как избегать наследственных болезней.
liza miskevich-1-1-1.ppt
Презентация Научный проект «Influence of environmental impact on the health and development of a fetus"
KAZAKHSTAN,
AKMOLINSKAYA OBLAST
KOKSHETAU
SECONDARY SCHOOL-
Miskevich Elizaveta
GYMNASIUM #1
10 form
Influence of Environmental Impact
on the Health and Development of
a Fetus
Direction: gene mutations
Section: biology
Glukhareva Yelena Ivanovna,
English teacher of secondary school-gymnasium # 1
Презентация Научный проект «Influence of environmental impact on the health and development of a fetus"
RELEVANCE: THIS SUBJECT IS
IMPORTANT IN HUMAN LIFE
ESPECIALLY NOWADAYS, BECAUSE
OUR SOCIETY NEEDS HEALTHY
FUTURE GENERATION GREATLY
The problem discussed in the
project is bad environment and
cases of radiation exposure
Презентация Научный проект «Influence of environmental impact on the health and development of a fetus"
THE OBJECT OF THE
RESEARCH:
A MOTHER AND A FETUS
The subject of the research: genes
mutation and acquisition of diseases
leading to future baby’s genetic
disorder
The hypothesis : Almost all diseases
and their manifestations depend on
human’s hereditary predisposition to
them
Презентация Научный проект «Influence of environmental impact on the health and development of a fetus"
THE TARGET OF THE RESEARCH: TO
FIGURE OUT THE INFLUENCE OF THE
ENVIRONMENT ON FUTURE
GENERATION’S HEALTH
Tasks:
1. to get aquainted with gene
mutations;
2.to identify the reasons of diseases
leading to genetic disorder;
3. to make conclusions about the
factors of environmental impact on
future generation’s health.
Презентация Научный проект «Influence of environmental impact on the health and development of a fetus"
HEREDITARY DISEASES
are such diseases the emergence and
development of which is connected with
changes (mutations) of genetic material.
You should know the difference
between hereditary and congenital
diseases which were caused by internal
injuries, such as syphilis or
toxoplasmosis or by influence of some
other injuring factors on a fetus in
pregnancy.
Презентация Научный проект «Influence of environmental impact on the health and development of a fetus"
DISEASES WITH HEREDITARY
PREDISPOSITION ARE SUBDIVIDED
INTO 2 FORMS:
Firstly, there are diseases which are
caused by heredity.
e.g. gout or diabetes
Secondly, there are diseases which are
caused by bad influence of the
environment. However, we must take into
consideration the fact, the disease
depends on hereditary predisposition of a
person.
e.g. atherosclerosis, hipertension, peptic
ulcer desease.
Презентация Научный проект «Influence of environmental impact on the health and development of a fetus"
WHAT DO ETIOLOGIC FACTORS
OF HEREDITARY DISEASES
MEAN?
Etiologic factors are mutations
(changes ) of hereditary material.
Mutations touching definite
chromosomes or the whole number of
chromosomes lead to diseases. It can
cause the death of a fetus, congenital
deformities and others.
Презентация Научный проект «Influence of environmental impact on the health and development of a fetus"
ABNORMALITIES ARE
ALREADY KNOWN?
Презентация Научный проект «Influence of environmental impact on the health and development of a fetus"
INFLUENCE OF THE
ENVIRONMENT ON A FETUS
A fetus is also affected by the environment. The
first two months are the most important in the life of
a fetus. In this period main organs and systems are
being constructed. In this period of time the fetus
depends on his mother because she is his external
environment. Smoking, alcohol, drugs, ecology
influence a woman’s pregnancy a lot.
Ecological factor influences pregnancy a lot .
Every year plants produce lots of chemicals. They are
found in food, clothes, household products.
Everybody knows that congenital birth defects can be
caused by chemicals. Chemicals affecting mother’s
organism are transferred through blood to a fetus
and so it is very bad for him.
Презентация Научный проект «Influence of environmental impact on the health and development of a fetus"
A STRIKING EXAMPLE OF
ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCE ON A
CHILD’S HEALTH
The USSR tested its first nuclear
weapons named after “The first
lightning” 60 years ago. It was in the
steppes of Northeastern Kazakhstan.
Radiation killed three generations of
Kazakhstan – general number of
infected people is more than one
million. Radiation caused health
problems such as thyroid diseases,
cancer, birth defects, deformities,
early ageing and heart diseases. Life
expectancy is 7 years shorter in
Semei than in other parts of
Kazakhstan.
Презентация Научный проект «Influence of environmental impact on the health and development of a fetus"
RADIOACTIVE HERITAGE OF
KAZAKHSTAN
You can see the effects of nuclear
explosions on innocent people.
Презентация Научный проект «Influence of environmental impact on the health and development of a fetus"
STATISTICS OF GENE
DISEASES
Anomalies
Estimated
frequency at
birth(on
1000)
Aftermath
Early
mortality, %
Chronic
state,
%
Successful
treatment,%
Congenital
vices of
growth
(serious)
Chromosom
al diseases
Genetic
disease
Total
30
22
24
54
4
10
44
34
58
64
31
31,3
29,2
2
11
39,5
Презентация Научный проект «Influence of environmental impact on the health and development of a fetus"
OPINIONS OF PHYSICIANS
Approximately 5-6 children out of
100 are born with some genetically
caused diseases.
In most cases these diseases have
genetic predisposition.
Among these 5-6 % we think there
are the hereditary diseases which
appeared for the first time or could
be inherited from one of the
parents.
Презентация Научный проект «Influence of environmental impact on the health and development of a fetus"
THE CONCLUSIONS ON THE PROJECT
So, the hypothesis of our research has been
confirmed.
In spite of characteristics that had been inherited
by a person from his parents , his or her chances of
falling
ill with various diseases
can differ.
We think these diseases should be prevented
from or the probability of their emergence should be
decreased if you take special measures:
try to avoid interacting with hazardous chemical
study your family tree to prevent from possible
substances;
diseases;
try not to smoke, drink alcohol, use drugs.
Презентация Научный проект «Influence of environmental impact on the health and development of a fetus"
THE LIST OF USED LITERATURE
1. Гинтер Е.К. Г49 Медицинская генетика: Учебник. — М.: Медицина,
2003. — 448 е.: ил. (Учеб. лит. Для студентов мед. вузов), С. 22-23.
2. Жимулёв И. Ф. Общая и молекулярная генетика. — Новосибирск:
Сиб. унив. изд-во, 2002. — 459 с. — 2000 экз. — ISBN 5-7615-0509-6.
3. Инге-Вечтомов С. Г. Генетика с основами селекции. — М.: Высш.
шк., 1989. — 591 с. — 21 000 экз. — ISBN 5-06-001146-1.
4. Марри Р., Греннер Д., Мейес П., Родуэлл В. Биохимия
человека. — М.: Мир, 1993. — Т. 2. — 415 с. — ISBN 5-03-001775-5.
5.Мегаэнциклопедия Кирилла и Мефодия. http://megabook.ru/article/.
6. http://www.yk.kz/news/show/4994%3Fprint
7. http://www.vse-pro-detey.ru/patologii-ploda/
8. http://meduniver.com/Medical/Akusherstvo/378.html
9.http://www.rusnauka.com/8_NIT_2008/Tethis/Medecine/27510.doc.htm
10. http://femy.ru/categories/265/articles/780
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