Раздаточный материал по иностранному языку(английскому)для студентов СПО технического профиля
Оценка 4.9
Раздаточные материалы
docx
английский язык
Взрослым
25.09.2019
Задания раздаточного материала по иностранному языку(английскому)для студентов СПО технического профиля. Задания составлены с учетом профессиональной направленности (специальности: 23.02.04 Техническая эксплуатация подъемно-транспортных дорожных, строительных машин и оборудования, 3.02.03 Техническое обслуживание и ремонт автомобильного транспорта) и имеют разноуровневый характер. Задания составлены по теме "Дизельный двигатель"
TASKS.docx
DEAR PARTICIPANT! DO THE FOLLOWING TASKS. Time limit is 30 minutes:
1. Read the text thoroughly:
How is a diesel engine different from a gasoline engine?
Gasoline engines and diesel engines both work by internal combustion, but in slightly
different ways. In a gasoline engine, fuel and air is injected into small metal cylinders. A
piston compresses the mixture, making it explosive, and a small electric spark from a
sparking plug sets fire to it. That makes the mixture explode, generating power that pushes
the piston down the cylinder and (through the crankshaft and gears) turns the wheels. Diesel
engines are similar, but simpler. First, air is allowed into the cylinder and the piston
compresses it—but much more than in a gasoline engine. In a gasoline engine, the fuelair
mixture is compressed to about a tenth of its original volume. But in a diesel engine, the air
is compressed by anything from 14 to 25 times. Тhe air gets really hot—usually at least
500°C and sometimes very much hotter. Once the air is compressed, a mist of fuel is sprayed
into the cylinder typically (in a modern engine) by an electronic fuelinjection system. (The
amount of fuel injected varies, depending on how much power the driver wants the engine to
produce.) The air is so hot that the fuel instantly ignites and explodes without any need for a
spark plug. This controlled explosion makes the piston push back out of the cylinder,
producing the power that drives the vehicle or machine in which the engine is mounted.
When the piston goes back into the cylinder, the spent gases are pushed out through an
exhaust valve and, the process repeats itself—hundreds or thousands of times a minute!
2. Correct the false information using the above text:
1. Diesel engines and gasoline engines both work by external combustion.
2. In a diesel engine a small electric spark from a sparking plug sets fire to compressed
mixture.
3. In a gasoline engine, the fuelair mixture is compressed by anything from 14 to 25
times.
4. In a gasoline engine the fuel instantly ignites and explodes without any need for a
spark plug.
5. The spent gases are pushed out through an inlet valve and, the process repeats again.
3. Translate into English:
двигатели внутреннего сгорания
свеча зажигания
шестерни топливовоздушная смесь
система впрыска топлива с электронным управлением
отработавшие газы двигателя
4. Match the left and the right columns:
Fourstroke engines
Like a gasoline engine, a diesel engine usually operates by repeating a cycle of four stages or
strokes, during which the piston moves up and down twice during the cycle. See Fig. below.
Stroke
1. Intake:
Operation
a) The inlet valve closes, the piston moves up, and compresses the air
mixture, heating it up. Fuel is injected into the hot gas through the
central fuel injection valve and spontaneously ignites. Unlike with a
gas engine, no sparking plug is needed to make this happen.
2. Compression:
b) The outlet valve on the left opens to let out the exhaust gases, pushed
out by the returning piston.
3. Power:
4. Exhaust:
c) Air is drawn into the cylinder through the open air inlet valve on the
right as the piston moves down.
d) As the airfuel mixture ignites and burns, it pushes the piston down,
driving the crankshaft that sends power to the wheels. 5. Translate into Russian :
Раздаточный материал по иностранному языку(английскому)для студентов СПО технического профиля
Раздаточный материал по иностранному языку(английскому)для студентов СПО технического профиля
Раздаточный материал по иностранному языку(английскому)для студентов СПО технического профиля
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