Косвенная речь в английском языке 9 класс

Прямая речь – это речь переданная дословно, без изменений. Перед прямой речью или после нее стоит предложение, вводящее в прямую речь:
Том говорит Бену: «Я хочу обедать»
Tom tells Ben, “I want to have lunch”

Косвенная речь – это способ передачи чужой речи. Она представляет собой придаточное предложение, которому предшествует главное или следует за ним:
Том говорит Бену что хочет обедать.
Tom tells Ben that he wants to have lunch.

Не said, "I don't know."
Не says, "I don't know."
Не will say, "I don't know."

В прямой речи время глагола не зависит от времени в водной части, так как полностью сохраняется форма высказывания чужой речи:

Не says, "I don't know." → Не says he doesn't know.
Не will say, "I don't know." → Не will say he doesn't know.
Не says, "I didn't know." → Не says he didn't know.
Не will say, "I didn't know." → Не will say he didn't know.

Если глагол вводной части находится в форме настоящего времени или указывает на действие в будущем, то при преобразовании прямой речи в косвенную, время глагола чужой речи остается неизменным.

Не said, "I know." → Не said he knew.
Не said, "I must know." → Не said he had to know.
Не said, "I will know." → Не said he would know.
Не said, "I knew." → Не said he had known.

Если глагол вводной части находится в форме прошедшего времени, то при преобразовании прямой речи в косвенную учитывается правило согласования времен.

При переводе прямой речи в косвенную меняются также слова, обозначающие место и время действия.

Direct Speech
She said, "I left Natalie a message an hour ago”.

Reported Speech
She said (that) she had left Natalie a message an hour before”.

Direct Speech
The teacher said, "Did you read an English book last year?“

Reported Speech
The teacher asked me if I had read an English book the year before?“

The boyfriend said, “Take this book, please”.

Reported Speech
The boyfriend asked her girl to take that book.

Если в предложении содержатся модальные глаголы, то они подвергаются изменениям при переводе прямой речи в косвенную в случае, если глагол в главном предложении употреблен в прошедшем времени и если данный модальный глагол имеет форму прошедшего времени.

“He works in a bank” She said
“We went out last night” She told me
“I’m coming!” She said
“I was waiting for the bus when he arrived”
She told me
5.“ I’d never been there before” She said
6.“I didn’t go to the party” She told me
7.“Lucy’ll come later” She said
8.“He hasn’t eaten breakfast” She told me
9.“I can help you tomorrow” She said
10.“You should go to bed early” She told me

“I don’t like chocolate” She told me
“I won’t see you tomorrow” She said
“She’s living in Paris for a few months” She said
“I visited my parents at the weekend” She told me
“She hasn’t eaten sushi before” She said
“I hadn’t travelled by underground before I came to London” She said
“They would help if they could” She said
“I’ll do the washing-up later” She told me
“He could read when he was three” She said
“I was sleeping when Julie called” She said

Change the direct speech into reported speech.
Example “I work hard,” Jillian said.
— Jillian said that he worked hard.

“I am planning to go to Kenya,” Sally said.
“I take my little sister to school every day,” little Anthony said.
“You may take my textbook,” Nonna said.
“They are playing in the gym now,” Nick said.
“I don’t like chocolate,” Mary said.
“My sister is ready to go” Helen said.
“My mother usually goes shopping on Saturday,” the girl said.
“The birds build their nests among the trees,” the teacher said.
“I am not married,” Jimmy said.
“I can't read these books. I don’t like them,” Petra said.

“Where is he?” She asked me
“What are you doing?” She asked me
“Why did you go out last night?” She asked me
“Who was that beautiful woman?” She asked me
“How is your mother?”
“What are you going to do at the weekend?”
“Where will you live after graduation?”
“What were you doing when I saw you?”
“How was the journey?”
“How often do you go to the cinema?”

“Do you live in London?”
“Did he arrive on time?”
“Have you been to Paris?”
“Can you help me?”
“Are you working tonight?”
“Will you come later?”
“Do you like coffee?”
“Is this the road to the station?”
“Did you do your homework?”
“Have you studied reported speech before?”

Чтобы правильно передать чью-то речь, необходимо использовать глагол сообщения с правильным значением. Самые распространенные глаголы сообщения – say, tell.
У них одинаковое значение – говорить, однако используются они по-разному.

She _____ me (that) she loved John.
They ______ (that) they were happy.
He ________ everybody (that) he had to leave.
Anne _______me (that) her brother was buying a car.
Alice ______ to Mike (that) he was wearing a nice suit.
She ______ (that) it was raining.
Lisa _____ me (that) she would call at 2p.m.

The end