презентация по английскому языку Constitutional Court: The Highest Body of Constitutional Justice

Constitutional Court: The Highest Body of Constitutional Justice

MPEK

Moscow
2026

Katorgina Uliana ups-22

The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation (CC RF) is the highest judicial body of constitutional control in the Russian Federation, which exercises judicial power independently and without interference.
The main task of the CC RF is to protect the Constitution of the Russian Federation, to monitor its compliance, and to ensure that laws and regulations comply with it. The Court decides exclusively on legal issues and is guided only by the Constitution.
The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation does not head the judicial system and is not a higher authority for other bodies of the judicial system of the Russian Federation. However, it holds a leading position in the field of constitutional control in the country.

Definition and place in the judicial system of the Constitutional Court

First appearance in Russia: The idea emerged in the late 1980s.
1991 – Establishment of the Constitutional Court of the RSFSR (first composition).
1993 – Adoption of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, which established the status of the Constitutional Court (Article 125).
1994 – Federal Constitutional Law “On the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation” (still in force with amendments).
Important: From 1995 to 2014, the court was located in Moscow, and since 2014 (amendments), it has been relocated to St. Petersburg.

The evolution of the institute

Composition and structure

The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation consists of 11 judges. The composition includes, in particular:
The Chairman is appointed to the position by the Federation Council on the proposal of the President of the Russian Federation for a period of six years.
Two Deputy Chairmen are appointed to the position by the Federation Council on the proposal of the President of the Russian Federation for a period of six years.

The Constitutional Court performs 4 main tasks:

1. Normative control (abstract): Checks laws (federal, regional) for compliance with the Constitution at the request of the President, the Federation Council, the State Duma, the Government, and the courts.
2. Specific normative control: Checks the law applied in a specific case at the request of citizens (if constitutional rights are violated).
3. Resolution of disputes on competence: Disputes between federal authorities, as well as between the federal center and the regions.
4. Interpretation of the Constitution: Provides an official explanation of the meaning of the Constitution's provisions (upon request from the highest authorities).

Key functions

Binding nature: The decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation are binding on all authorities, organizations, and citizens throughout the Russian Federation.
Legal consequences:
· If a law is found to be unconstitutional, it is repealed (in whole or in part).
· If the law enforcement practice (judicial decisions) is found to be inconsistent with the Constitution, it is subject to review.
Precedent-setting nature: In fact, the decisions of the Constitutional Court create new legal norms, filling in gaps in the legislation.

The power of the law

Conclusion and role in society

The Constitutional Court acts as an arbiter in political and legal conflicts, preventing the legislator from violating fundamental human rights.
Balance: It maintains a balance between the interests of individuals, society, and the state.
Accessibility: Citizens have the right to directly appeal to the Constitutional Court if they have exhausted all other judicial authorities.
Conclusion: The Constitutional Court is a "living" Constitution that ensures the supremacy of the Fundamental Law.

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