Презентация по английскому языку на тему "George IV"

George IV king of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and king of Hanover by Sokol Maria

George IV                                 (12 August 1762 – 26 June  1830) (George Augustus Frederick) • was king of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and king of Hanover following the death of his father, George III, on 29 January 1820, until his own death ten years later. From 1811 until his accession, he served as Prince Regent during his father's final mental illness.

The Parents of King George IV mother Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz Father George III

1811 1820 REGENCY • Period from 1811 to 1820 is called the age of the Regency. Within the reign of George Regent there was a long struggle with Napoleon I and the French Empire, which ended with the defeat of Napoleon and the victory of England. The economic development of the country in those years was also successful.

• However, George IV (as Prince Regent and then as King) was extremely unpopular in person - one of the most unpopular monarchs of Britain in general. His lust, the unthinkable extravagance and profligacy scandalized British society for many years. A generous patron of artists, gourmet libertine, George had not a well- deserved reputation as a cold egoist, indifferent to his relatives.

The Royal Pavillion • George IV, first visited Brighton in 1783, soon after achieving his majority. The seaside town had become fashionable through the residence of George's uncle, the Duke of Cumberland, whose tastes for cuisine, gaming, the theatre and fast living the young prince shared, and with whom he lodged in Brighton at Grove House. In addition, his physician advised him that the seawater would be beneficial for his gout.

The Royal Pavillion • Being remote from the Royal Court in London, the Pavilion was also a discreet location for the Prince to enjoy liaisons with his long-time companion, Mrs Fitzherbert. In December 1785 the Prince had wished to marry her, and did so in secrecy, as her Roman Catholicism ruled out marriage under the Royal Marriages Act.

The Royal Pavillion • • In 1787 it contained only three main rooms,  a breakfast room, dining room and library,  fitted out in French­influenced neoclassical  style, with decorative paintings by Biagio  Rebecca. In 1801­02 the Pavilion was  enlarged with a new dining room and  conservatory, to designs of Peter Frederick  Robinson. The Prince also purchased land  surrounding the property, on which a grand  riding school and stables were built in an  Indian style in 1803­08, to designs  by William Porden. Between 1815 and 1822 the designer John  Nash redesigned and greatly extended the  Pavilion, and it is the work of Nash which  can be seen today.  • However, the fanciful interior design,  primarily by Frederick Crace and the little­ known decorative painter Robert Jones, is  heavily influenced by both Chinese and  Indian fashion  (with Mughal and Islamic architectural elem ents). It is a prime example of the exoticism  that was an alternative to more classicising  mainstream taste in the Regency style.

The coronation of George IV The Coronation of King George IV  1821 The Coronation of King George IV by  Sir George Hayter

The Reign • On 8 April 1795 he married his cousin Princess Caroline of Brunswick at the Chapel Royal, St James's Palace. The marriage, however, was disastrous; each party was unsuited to the other. The two were formally separated after the birth of their only child, Princess Charlotte, in 1796, and remained separated thereafter. The Prince of Wales remained attached to Maria Fitzherbert for the rest of his life, despite several periods of estrangement.

Queen Caroline with daughter Charlotte Prinsess Charlotte

• George IV's heavy drinking and  indulgent lifestyle had taken their toll  of his health by the late 1820s. His  taste for huge banquets and copious  amounts of alcohol caused him to  become obese, making him the target  of ridicule on the rare occasions that  he did appear in public. By 1797 his  weight had reached 17 stone 7 pounds  (111 kg), and by 1824 his corset was  made for a waist of 50 inches  (130 cm). He suffered  from gout, arteriosclerosis, peripheral  edema ("dropsy"), and  possible porphyries. He would spend  whole days in bed and suffered  spasms of breathlessness that would  leave him half­asphyxiated. Some  accounts claim that he showed signs  of mental instability towards the end  of his life, although less extreme than  his father.

Last days • He became a king at the end of his strength , having poor health and hopelessly ruined reputation. However, during his reign , compared with the rapid reign of George III, it was rather quiet . First, he filed in the House of Lords a case of adultery against his wife. Unprecedented scandal erupted . Sympathy of the people once again was on the side of Queen, final verdict has been postponed , but in 1821 Caroline died. Her funeral was accompanied by anti- government demonstrations . All agreed in the opinion that king George was the worst king ever. He did not change his habits till he died . Recent days, tormented by gout , George was living in Windsor.

Public opinion • During the political crisis caused by Catholic emancipation, the Duke of Wellington said that George was "the worst man he ever fell in with his whole life, the most selfish, the most false, the most ill-natured, the most entirely without one redeeming quality", but his eulogy delivered in the House of Lords called George "the most accomplished man of his age" and praised his knowledge and talent. George IV was described as the "First Gentleman of England" on account of his style and manners. Certainly, he possessed many good qualities; he was bright, clever, and knowledgeable. However, his laziness and gluttony led him to squander much of his talent. As The Times once wrote, he would always prefer "a girl and a bottle to politics and a sermon."

Notes and sources 2. 55(10): 30–36   Innes, Arthur Donald (1914). A History of England and the  British Empire, Vol. 3. The MacMillan Company. pp. 396– 397  1. Kenneth Baker, "George IV: a Sketch." History Today2005  3. Rutherford, Jessica M. F. (1995). The Royal Pavilion: The  Palace of George IV. Brighton Borough Council. p. 81.  4. Hibbert, George IV: Prince of Wales 1762–1811, p.18  5. Hibbert, George IV: Regent and King 1811–1830, p.214