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                                                                                                                                                                            Moscow2025 Kozyar V. V.

Definition of religious law system

Main kinds of religious law

•     Islamic law (Sharia)

•     Jewish law (halakhah)

•     Christian law (canonical)

•     Hindu law

Religious law system of Israel

Nowadays, when a court needs to make a decision on a matter, it first looks for a solution among the laws of the State of Israel, then among the laws of the British Mandate, and finally among the Jewish

primary sources (Talmud, Halacha,

etc.)

Religious law system of Israel

The area in which religious law has been fully incorporated is personal status. Religious courts have jurisdiction over civil status matters (marriage, divorce, burial). Rabbinical courts also have jurisdiction over conversions. There are also matters that can be heard by religious courts by mutual consent of the parties. Religious courts, however, fall under the jurisdiction of the High Court of Justice of Israel. The principles of Halacha have partially influenced immigration law (Law of Return).

Religious law system of Egypt

•      Religion in Egypt occupies an important place in the social life of the country and is protected by the law

•      Egypt's religious history stretches back centuries, experiencing a transformation from ancient polytheism to Christianity and then to Islam. This religion, shaped by both local traditions and external influences, has had a significant impact on Egyptian society.

Religious law system of Egypt

•  Article 64 of the Egyptian Constitution proclaims complete freedom of religion and worship. However, in practice, this freedom is often limited by government policy, legal norms, and interfaith conflicts. The constitution officially recognizes only three religions: Islam, Christianity, and Judaism. These faiths are permitted to hold public worship services, while other religions do not have the same status.

Principles of religious law

•      Reliance on sacred texts as the source of the will of the God

•      Close connections with morality and traditions

•      Sacredness and symbolism of the rules

Religious law, continental law and common law

•                    Religious law is based on divine injunctions from sacred texts • Continental law is based on codified laws and doctrine

•                    Common law is based on precedents (court decisions).

The main differences lie in the sources of law: religious is based on the divine will, continental - on written laws, and general - on judicial practice.

Thank you for your attention!