Таблица времён английского глагола (активный и пассивный залоги)

Active

Simple (Indefinite)

Progressive (Continuous)

Perfect

Perfect - Progressive

PRESENT

действие происходит обычно и повторяется

V  ,  Vs  - he, she, it

             (Do , Does)

He plays tennis every day.

Does he play tennis every day?

He doesn’t play tennis every day.

always, usually, often, sometimes, every year, seldom, never

I am                                I, we, you, they have

he, she, it is                    he, she, it has

we, you, they are

действие происходит в настоящий момент

                     I  am

       he, she, it  is      +  Ving

we, you, they   are

He is playing tennis now.

Is he playing tennis now?

He isn’t playing tennis now.

now, at the moment, still, Look!, Listen!

употребляется если неизвестно или неважно, когда совершено действие, но важен его результат.

I, we, you, they  have

                                    +  V3

he, she, it            has

He has just played tennis.

Has he just played tennis?

He hasn’t just played tennis.

ever, never, already, just, yet, today, this week, lately, recently, since, for

действие началось в прошлом и еще совершается в настоящее время

I, we, you, they have

                              been + Ving

he, she, it      has

He has been playing tennis.

Has he been playing tennis?

He hasn’t been playing tennis.

for an hour, for a long time, since 5 o’clock, how long? since when?

PAST

действие произошло когда-то в прошлом

V2

                   (played \\ saw)

He played tennis yesterday.

Did he play tennis yesterday?

He didn’t play tennis yesterday.

2 years ago, last month (week, Sunday), yesterday, in 2010

действие происходило в определенный момент в прошлом

I, he, she, it     was

                                  +   Ving

we, you, they  were

He was playing tennis at 2 o’clock.

Was he playing tennis at 2 o’clock?

He wasn’t playing tennis 2 o’clock.

yesterday at 2 o’clock, when he came

действие произошло до определенного момента в прошлом

had  +  V3

When we came, he had played tennis.

Had he played tennis when we came?

He hadn’t played tennis by that time.

yesterday by 5 o’clock, by that time

Д. начавшееся ранее другого прошедшего Д. и еще происходившего в момент его совершения

had  been   +  Ving

He had been playing tennis for 2 hours when he phoned.

Had he been playing tennis for 2 hours when he phoned?

He hadn’t been playing tennis for 2 hours when he phoned?

 for three months, for a long time

FUTURE

действие произойдет в будущем

will +   V

He will play tennis tomorrow.

Will he play tennis tomorrow?

He won’t play tennis tomorrow.

will not=won’t \\ shall not=shan’t

in 2 days, next week, the day after tomorrow, soon

действие произойдет в определенный момент в будущем

 will   be  +   Ving

He’ll be playing tennis tomorrow at 2 o’clock.

Will he be playing tennis tomorrow at 2 o’clock?

He won’t be playing tennis tomorrow at 2 o’clock.

tomorrow at 2 o’clock

действие произойдет к определенному моменту в будущем

  will    have  +   V3

He’ll have played tennis by that time

Will he have played tennis by that time?

He won’t have played tennis by that time.

by 5 o’clock, by that time, by Sunday, by the end of the year

действие начнется ранее другого будущего действия и будет еще совершаться в момент его наступления

    will  have been +   Ving

He will have been playing tennis for 2 hours when you return home.

Will he have been playing tennis?

He won’t have been playing tennis.

for three months

Future

in the Past

   would     + V

   would    be  + Ving

   would    have  + V3

   would     have  been  + Ving

Passive

Simple (Indefinite)

Progressive (Continuous)

Perfect

Perfect - Progressive

PRESENT

                     I  am

       he, she, it  is      +  V3

we, you, they   are

The houses are built every year.

always, usually, often, sometimes, every year, seldom, never

  am

    is        being +  V3

    are

The houses are being built now.

now, at the moment, still, Look! Listen!

have

             been +  V3

has

The houses have been built this year.

ever, never, already, just, yet, today, this week, lately, today, since, for

PAST

was

            +   V3

were

The houses were built long ago.

2 years ago, last month (week, Sunday), yesterday, in 2010

was

             being +   V3

were

The houses were being built when I saw them at that moment.

yesterday at 2 o’clock, when he came

had  been  +  V3

The houses had been built by that time.

yesterday by 5 o’clock, by that time

FUTURE

(I, we) shall

                     be  +   V3

(B.O)  will

The houses will be built next year.

in 2 days, next week, the day after tomorrow

shall

              have  been  +   V3

will

The houses will have been built by that time.

by 5 o’clock, by that time, by Sunday, by the end of the year