Все 16 времен английского языка

Tenses

Simple(Indefinite) 

 Continuous(Progressive)

 Perfect

 Perfect Continuous

(Progressive)

 Present

настоящее

Группа

настоящих

времён:

1     do/does + V₁     

Употребляется,

если действие происходит постоянно, регулярно.

I go to school every day.

Do you go to school every day?

I don’t go to school every day.

usually

sometimes

often

seldom

always

never

from time to time

every day(month, year…)…

2     am/is/are + V₄  

Употребляется, если действие происходит в момент речи.

 I am going to school now.

Are you going to school now?

I’m not going to school now.

still

now

at present

at the moment

meanwhile

while…

3    have/has +   V₃ 

Употребляется, если действие произошло в уже завершившийся период времени. 

I have already gone to school.

Have you gone to school yet?

I haven’t gone to school yet. 

 just

already

ever

never

yet

lately/recently

before

for

since

4   have/has + been + V₄    

Употребляется, если действие началось в прошлом, всё это время длилось и ещё не закончилось. 

 I have been going to school for 5 years.

Have you been going to school for 5 years?

I haven’t been going to school for school for 5 years.

for 2 hours(10 years…)

since 1950

since yesterday(7 p.m., morning…)

for a long time

since I left school…

Past

прошедшее

Группа

прошедших

времён:

5         did, V₂

Употребляется, если действие произошло в уже завершившийся период времени.

I went to school yesterday.

Did you go to school yesterday?

I didn’t go to school yesterday.

last month(year, century…)

yesterday

the day before yesterday

two years ago

in 1990

6      was/were + V₄

Употребляется, если действие происходило в течение ограниченного периода времени в прошлом.

I was going to school at 8 o’clock yesterday.

Were you going to school at 8 o’clock yesterday?

I wasn’t going to school at 5 o’clock yesterday.

at 5 o’clock yesterday

all day long

all day yesterday

all the time

the whole evening

from five till eight

7         had + V₃

Употребляется, если действие завершилось к определенному моменту в прошлом.

I had gone to school by 2 o’clock.

Had you gone to school by 2 o’clock?

I hadn’t gone to school by 2 o’clock.

by 4 o’clock  

by noon 

by Saturday    

by the 15^th of September

by 2002

by then

by the end of the year

before

8       had + been + V₄

Употребляется для выражения длительного прошедшего действия, которое началось ранее другого прошедшего действия, выраженного в Past Simple.

I had been going to school for 10 minutes when I met my friend.

Had you been going to school for 10 minutes…?

I hadn’t been going to school for 10 minutes when…

for 2 hours(a month...)

for some time

since 5 o’clock

since I came

all his life

all day long

     Tenses

Simple(Indefinite)

Continuous(Progressive)

Perfect

Perfect Continuous

(Progressive)

Future

будущее

Группа

будущих

времён:

9       will + V₁

Употребляется, если действие произойдет в будущем.

I will go to school tomorrow.

Will you go to school tomorrow?

I won’t go to school tomorrow.

tomorrow

the day after tomorrow

in a week (month…)

next week(year, Sunday…)

10    will + be + V₄

Употребляется, если действие будет происходить в определенный момент в будущем.

I will be going to school at 9 o’clock tomorrow.

Will you be going to school at 9 o’clock tomorrow?

I won’t be going to school…

all day (long) 

all day tomorrow (summer)

from 5 till 7 tomorrow

at midnight

in an hour

11    will + have + V₃

Употребляется, если действие произойдет к определенному моменту в будущем.

I will have gone to school by 5 o’clock.

Will you have gone to school by 5 o’clock?

I won’t have gone to school by 5 o’clock.

by tomorrow

by 10 p.m.

by September

by Saturday

by tonight

by that time

by 2015

12 will + have + been +V₄

Употребляется для выражения длительного будущего действия, которое начнется ранее другого будущего действия и будет продолжаться в этот момент.

By 9 o’clock I will be going to school for 15 minutes.

Will you be going to school for 15 minutes…?

I won’t be going to school for 15 minutes…

by next summer…for

by 7 o’clock…for

by the time…for

by the 1^st of June…for

Future in-

-the - Past

сослагательное

наклонение

Группа

сослагательного

наклонения:

13     would + V₁

Употребляется в придаточных предложениях для выражения будущего времени,

если главное

предложение стоит в прошедшем времени.

 I said I would go to school the next day.

He asked if I would go to school the next day.

He thought he wouldn’t go to school the next day.

14   would + be + V₄

 Употребляется в придаточных предложениях для обозначения будущего длительного действия, если главное предложение стоит в прошедшем времени.

 I said I would be going to school at 9 a.m. the next day.

He asked if I would be going to school at 9 a.m. the next day.

He hoped he wouldn’t be going to school at 8 a.m. the next day.

15  would + have +V₃

Употребляется в придаточных предложениях для обозначения действия, которое совершится к определенному моменту в будущем, если главное предложение стоит в прошедшем времени.

I said I would have gone to school by 2 o’clock.

He asked if I would have gone to school by 2 o’clock.

He told his mother that he wouldn’t have gone to school by 2 o’clock.

16   would + have + been + V₄

Употребляется в придаточных предложениях для выражения длительного действия, которое начнется ранее другого будущего действия, если главное предложение стоит в прошедшем времени.

I said that by 9 o’clock I would have been going to school for 10 minutes.

He asked if I would have been going to school for 10 minutes by 9 o’clock.

I said I wouldn’t have been going to school for 10 minutes by 9 o’clock.