CHECK YOUR ENGLISH VOCABULARY FOR

COMPUTERS

AND

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Jon Marks

A & C Black  London

www.acblack.com

First edition published 1995

Second edition published 1999

This third edition published in Great Britain 2007

A & C Black Publishers Ltd

38 Soho Square, London W1D 3HB

© Jonathan Marks 2007

All rights reserved.

No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without the permission of the publishers.

A CIP entry for this book is available from the British Library.

ISBN-10: 0 7136 7917 4 ISBN-13: 978 0 7136 7917 5

 eISBN-13: 978-1-4081-0246-6

Text typeset by A & C Black

Printed in Great Britain at Caligraving Ltd, Thetford, Norfolk

This book is produced using paper that is made from wood grown in managed, sustainable forests. It is natural, renewable and recyclable. The logging and manufacturing processes conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin.

Contents

Page

                                                     Introduction                                                                              4

Section 1: Hardware

                      1.1                         Hardware                                                                                   6

                      1.2                         Some useful verbs                                                                    7

                      1.3                         The workstation                                                                       8

                      1.4                         The keyboard                                                                            10

                      1.5                         The mouse                                                                                 11

                      1.6                         Scanning                                                                                    12

                      1.7                         Some useful adjectives                                                           13

                      1.8                         Printing                                                                                       14

                      1.9                         Mobile phones                                                                          16

                      1.10                       Other devices                                                                            18

                      1.11                       Inside a computer                                                                    19

                      1.12                       Data storage                                                                              20

                      1.13                       Connectivity                                                                              21

                      1.14                       Networks                                                                                    22

                      1.15                       Electronic payments                                                                23

                      1.16                       Review crossword                                                                    24

                      1.17                       Your computer                                                                         26

Section 2: Software

                      2.1                          Software: the basics                                                                28

                      2.2                          Using software: useful verbs                                                 30

                      2.3                         The control panel                                                                     31

                      2.4                         Applications                                                                              32

                      2.5                         Some useful adjectives                                                           33

                      2.6                          Word processing 1                                                                   34

                      2.7                          Word processing 2                                                                   36

                      2.8                          Word processing 3                                                                   38

                      2.9                         Image editing                                                                            40

                      2.10                       Graphic design                                                                          41

                      2.11                       Spreadsheets                                                                             42

                      2.12                       Presentation software                                                            44

                      2.13                       Problems with software                                                         45

                      2.14                       Which program?                                                                      46

                      2.15                       Review quiz                                                                               47

                      2.16                       Your software                                                                           48

Section 3: The internet

                      3.1                          The internet: the basics                                                          50

                      3.2                         Internet browsers                                                                     52

                      3.3                         Search engines                                                                          53

                      3.4                          Things on the net                                                                     54

                      3.5                         Internet terms                                                                           55

                      3.6                         E-commerce                                                                              56

                      3.7                         Internet security                                                                       58

                      3.8                         Email                                                                                           59

                      3.9                          Email comprehension 1                                                          60

                      3.10                       Email comprehension 2                                                          61

                      3.11                       Useful verbs crossword                                                           62

                      3.12                       Revision wordsearch                                                               63

                      3.13                       Your internet                                                                             64

                                                     Answer key                                                                                65

                                                    Index                                                                                           75

Introduction

Who is the book for?

This book has been written for people whose first language is not English, and who use or are going to use computers and other information technology in an English-speaking environment. It covers the language needed to use information technology equipment, work with computer programs, discuss problems and plan projects. It does not cover advanced technical vocabulary for computer programmers or electronic engineers. All the language in the book is intended to be accessible to intermediate level students and above.

How can the book be used?

The vocabulary is arranged by topic. Choose the topics that interest you. The pages do not have to be completed in any particular order, and there is no need to complete all the pages if some are on topics which are not useful to you. It is better to complete one or two pages in a day, and remember the vocabulary, rather than completing as many pages as possible. The answers to the exercises can be found at the back of the book. There is also an index to help you find the pages which are most useful to you.

Write new words and phrases you learn in a notebook or file. Review this language regularly so that it becomes part of your active vocabulary.

A good general dictionary will be very helpful, providing pronunciation guides and more contexts. For vocabulary relating specifically to computers, Dictionary of Computing (A&C Black, ISBN 978 07475 6622 9) will be a useful reference source.

Section 1: Hardware

A.   Match the verbs with the nouns.

1.                   recharge

2.                   click on

3.                   dial

4.                   give

5.                   move

6.                   print out

7.                   send and receive

8.                   take some

B.    Choose the best verb.

1.2 Some useful verbs

a.                   digital photos

b.                   faxes

c.                    a number on your mobile phone

d.                   a presentation

e.                   something with the mouse

f.                     the battery

g.                   the mouse

h.                   twenty pages

9. To turn on the computer, __________ the "Start" button.

11. Unfortunately, my scanner isn't __________ at the moment.

13.   The projector isn't working because it isn't __________.

a.   plugged  b. plugged in        c. plugged into

14.   The batteries in my digital camera are nearly dead. They need __________.

a.   to change              b. exchanging      c. changing

15.   I have to __________ a computer screen for eight hours a day.

a.   see          b. look at               c. watch

16.   Switch off your computer, and __________ it from the wall socket.

a.   de-plug  b. unplug              c. non-plug

17.   I turned off the photocopier and ___________ the plug.

a.   pulled out             b. extracted         c. took away

18.   __________ any key to continue.

a.   Kick         b. Smash               c. Hit

1.3 The workstation

Rearrange the letters to make things which can be part of a workstation.

tucmepor         ___computer____ 13. trirpen          _______________

14.       nasecnr _______________

15.       kesd        _______________

16.       hacir        _______________

17.       nopelethe              _______________

Choose the best word.

18.       The mouse moves on a __________.

23.   You can increase the functions or performance of a computer with an __________.

                      a. extension card                                 b. exploding card                                c. expansion card

24.   Mobile phones and PDAs can communicate with computers via __________.

1.4 The keyboard

space bar           alphabet keys           calculator keys

                                               function keys           return key (or enter key)                     indicator lights

shift key           alt key           control key           escape key delete key           tab key           caps lock key           backspace key

1. To go back one space, hit the _______________. 2. To change to capital letters, press the _______________.

You can

3.                   To change the capital letters permanently, hit the _______________.

4.                   To insert a tabulation, press the _______________.        say "key" or

5.                   To activate the "Ctrl" functions, press the  _______________.      "button"

6.                   To activate the "alt" functions, hit the _______________.

7.                   To stop the computer doing something, you can press the_______________.

8.                   Select the text you want to remove, and hit the  _______________.

standard keyboard           ergonomic keyboard key in (or type in)           enter           data input

9.                   Please _______________ your password.

10.                It took me two hours to _______________ all that text.

11.                A keyboard is a _______________ device.

12.                Do you have a _______________?

No. I have a special _______________. It's better for my arms and back.

1.5 The mouse

1.                   ______________ to see pages above.

2.                   ______________ to see pages below.

3.                   To select text, ______________ the left button, and move the mouse pointer.

4.                   If you use a mouse for many hours every day, you can get ______________ in your fingers.

5.                   With a laptop computer, plug in a mouse, or use the ______________ in front of the keyboard.

6.                   To play some games, you need to use a ______________ instead of a mouse.

7.                   To move up and down a page, you can ______________ the mouse wheel.

8.                   This mouse doesn't have a ball. It's an ______________ mouse.

9.                   One click of a mouse button is called a ______________ click.

10.                Two clicks of a mouse button are called a ______________ click.

11.                Click ______________ the folder to open it.

12.                ___________________

13.                ___________________

14.                ___________________

15.                ___________________

A wheel mouse

1.6 Scanning

How to scan an image

1.                     Make sure the scanner is _____________ to the computer.

2.                     Lift the lid and put the _____________ on the scanner glass.

3.                     For high image quality, scan _____________ 300 _____________ or higher.

4.                     The scanning software will automatically do a _____________.

5.                     If the image is too dark or too light, you can __________  the _____________ and _____________.

6.                     _____________ "scan".            A

7.                     If you scanned _____________, it can be "read" by _____________.

8.                     If you want to save the image, choose a _____________. JPEG is a good choice for photos.

9.                     The scanned image can be manipulated using _____________ software.

10.                  An _____________ printer/scanner can print, scan and copy.        B

11.                  Picture A is a _____________ scanner.

12.                  Picture B is a _____________ scanner.

13.                  Picture C is a _____________ resolution photograph.

14.                  Picture D is a _____________ resolution photograph.

             C                D     

1.7 Some useful adjectives

Choose the best adjective.

16. When you connect this to your computer, it will work immediately. It's __________.

                    a. plug and go                                       b. plug and play                                                   c. plug and use

1.8 Printing

A. Put the words in the spaces.

1.                   When the ink runs out, you have to change the ____________.

2.                   ____________ cartridges can be ordered online.

3.                   To change the cartridge, you have to lift the ____________.

4.                   The printer is connected to the computer ____________ a USB cable.

5.                   The printer is ____________ paper. ____________ the paper tray.

6.                   I think some paper is ____________ inside the printer.

7.                   My printer keeps getting jammed. I think there's a problem with the paper ____________.

8.                   Shall I print this ____________ in colour or black and white?

9.                   "Black and white" is also known as ____________.

10.                If there's a problem with the print quality, perhaps the ____________ need cleaning.

11.                Can your printer do ____________ printing?

12.                To ____________ means to put all the pages into the correct order.

B.   Which type of printer                 is each sentence about?

inkjet printer                             laser printer

1.   cheaper to buy        x

2.   cheaper to run

3.   faster printing speed

4.   takes up more space

5.   uses liquid ink

6.   uses toner

7.   more reliable

8.   cartridges need changing more often

C.   True or false?

1.9 Mobile Phones

Mobile Phone networks

In Britain there are several mobile phone ¹_______________ including Vodaphone, O2, T-mobile and Orange. There are also ²_______________ like Virgin Mobile who use the network of another company.

When you buy a cell phone, you have a choice of ³_______________. The most popular is "⁴_______________", with customers paying for their calls in advance. They can ⁵_______________ their accounts in shops, over the internet, and at cash machines. Heavy ⁶_______________ may prefer a ⁷_______________. They pay a fixed amount every month, but the calls are much cheaper than they are for pay-as-you-go customers.

Mobile phones usually come with a ⁸_______________ already ⁹_______________. If you take the phone abroad, you may be able to use it on a local network. This is called "¹⁰_______________". It can be expensive, and it may be cheaper to buy a foreign SIM card.

Choose the best word.

1.   After 6pm, calls cost 20p __________ minute

a.   for one           b. per     c. each

2.   You can't use a mobile in a cave because there's no __________.

a.   network          b. connection      c. power

3.   I need to charge up my mobile phone battery. Have you seen my __________?

a.   charger           b. recharger         c. charging machine

4.   When you send a text message, the __________ function can help your write it more quickly.

a.   predicting text              b. predictive text c. text predictor

5.   In the car, it's safer to use a __________ phone.

a.   handless         b. no hands          c. hands-free

1.10 Other devices

A. Match the devices with the places you would find them.

10.   A laptop computer with a screen you can write on is called a __________.

a.   tablet PC b. table PC            c. flat screen PC

11.   An image on TV or computer screen is made up of thousands of __________.

a.   points       b. pixels c. bits

12.   You can draw directly onto a computer screen with a __________.

a.   bright pen               b. light pen           c. pixel pen

13.   A camera connected directly to the internet is called__________.

                                                                                                                 a. an internet camera                            b. a web watcher

c. a webcam

14.   The woman in the photo is wearing a __________.

                                                                                                                a. headpiece                                         b. headphone

c. headset

15.   She talks to customers on the telephone all day. Sheworks in a __________.

                                                                                                                a. telephone centre                            b. call centre

c. talking centre

1.11 Inside a computer

The "brain" of a computer is the ^[1]_______________. Most of these are made by Intel and AMD, and are sometimes referred to as "^[2]_______________". The fastest processors are ^[3]_______________, which means that there are two processors working together. The ^[4] _______________ of a processor is measured in ^[5]_______________, which is usually written as MHz.

A computer's memory is measured in ⁶_______________. If a computer has 1,024 megabytes of memory, and the memory type is SDRAM, this is written as 1,024 MB SDRAM, and is pronounced "a thousand and twenty-four megabytes ess-dee-dram".

The processor and memory modules are located on the ⁷_______________. Changing a computer's processor is not generally practical, but the memory can usually be ⁸_______________.

B. Power

1.12 Data storage

1.                   The data and applications on your computer are stored on the _______________.

2.                   To run this application you need at least 50MB of _______________ on your hard drive.

3.                   My computer's hard drive has a _______________ of 120GB.

4.                   Do you like this CD? I can _______________ you a copy if you want.

5.                   The opposite of "Insert the DVD" is "_______________ the DVD".

6.                   I can't eject the CD. I think the _______________'s stuck.

7.                   Digital cameras usually store pictures on a memory _______________ or a memory _______________.

Which do you think is the best solution for each problem? (More than one solution

1.13 Connectivity

6.   The internet is much faster with a broadband connection than with __________.

a.   dial-up     b. phone-up         c. call-up

7.   With a wireless router, you can __________ your broadband connection with other users.

a.   divide      b. combine           c. share

8.   This wire's too short. I need an __________ cable.

a.   extended               b. extension         c. extender

9.   You can connect a USB plug to a PS/2 port by using __________.

a.   an adaptor             b. a bridge            c. a connector

1.14 Networks

LAN

LAN is pronounced "lan", and stands for ¹_________________ Area Network. In a typical LAN, there is a central network ²_________________ which supports a number of ³_________________. Users have to ⁴_________________ the network server.  Pages of information that can be viewed within a LAN are called an ⁵_______________ . A number of LANs connected to each other via ⁶_________________ or other form of __communication are called a ⁷_________________. To be used as network terminals, each computer needs to have a ⁸_________________ installed.

Network topologies

3. ____________ topology

1.15 Electronic payments

A.   EPOS and EFTPOS

Cross out the incorrect word

EPOS (electronic point of sale) terminals are cash / money registers found in retail openings / outlets such as shops and restaurants. They are connected to a central / centre computer, and data about objects / goods and services sold is entered into the terminals via keyboards, barcode readers, touch / finger screens etc. They are useful for stock management, and can produce itemised bills and receipts / recipes.

EFTPOS (electronic funds transfer point of sale) can also transfer cash / funds directly from the customer's bank account via a debit / paying card. They are now more

common than EPOS terminals.

B.   Word partnershipsMatch the words.

C. Plastic

Match the cards with the phrases.

1.   credit card a. Buy now, pay now.

2.   debit card   b. Buy now, pay the bank later.

3.   cash card    c. Buy now, pay the shop later.

4.   loyalty card d. Spend, and get some money or goods back from the shop.

5.   store card   e. Take money out of a cash machine.

1.16 Review crossword

All the words can be found in Units 1.1 to 1.15

Across

1. A camera connected to the internet. (6 letters)

6. To send an SMS message. (4)

9.      The most common page orientation. (8)

10.   A computer's "brain". (9)

11.   It prevents a computer from overheating. (3)

14.   A connection without wires. (7)

15.   The place where you put a plug. (6)

20.   Processor speeds are measured in these. (9)

21.   The cheapest type of printer. (6)

22.   Lift this before you use your scanner. (3)

24. The shop assistant does this to your credit card. (5)

26. The strip on the back of a credit or debit card. (8)

Down

2.   When it's dead, recharge it or replace it. (7)

3.   You speak into this. (10)

4.   The mouse moves on this. (3)

5.   A computer, printer and scanner on a desk with a chair. (11)

7.   Laser printers use this instead of ink. (5)

8.   A design (for example, a type of keyboard) which is better for your body. (9)

12.   An image on a screen is made up of thousands of these. (6)

13.   Printers, scanners, webcams etc. (10)

16.   A very large computer which never moves. (9)

17.   A photo or drawing. (5)

18.   You need to change or refill this when your printer runs out of ink. (9)

19.   Two or more computers connected together. (7)

23. The slowest form of internet connection. (4, 2)

26. Image resolution is usually measured in this. (3)

1.17 Your computer

Can you answer these questions in English?

1.   What kind of computer do you have?

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2.   Do you know the technical specifications of you computer?

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

3.   Would you like to upgrade your computer? If so, what kind of computer would you like to get?

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

4.   Which peripherals do you use most often? Why?

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

5.   Do you use computer networks? If so, how do you connect to the networks you use?

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Section 2:

Software

2.1 Software: the basics

A. Choose the correct word to fill the spaces.

1. Turn on your computer. It will usually take a few minutes to __________.

11. In Windows, the icon is just a __________ to the application. If you delete the icon, the application will

still be on your computer.

14. If I leave my computer on without using it, after a while it goes into __________ mode.

                        a. stand down                                      b. waiting                                                              c. standby

B. Insert the missing words.

find free up installed launch

2.2 Using software: useful verbs

Match the words on the left with the words on the right.

Set 1

1.  arrange the

2.  cut and paste

3.  install

4.  open the document in

5.  resize the

6.  save it as

Set 2

1.  copy the

2.  customize your

3.  launch

4.  search

5.  send the file

6.  use the

Set 3

1.   accidentally deleted an

2.   exit

3.   click on that button 4. pull down a

5.   replace the existing

6.   view

Set 4

1.   close down an

2.   log off

3.   look in

4.   put the file

5.   run a

6.   wipe the

a.   a Microsoft Word file

b.  a new window

c.   photo. It's too big.

d.  an application

e.  some text

f.    icons on the desktop

a.   for a lost file

b.  a program

c.   "search" function

d.  text into a new document

e.  to a different folder

f.    desktop

a.   menu

b.  important file

c.   an application

d.  as a web page

e.  on the task bar

f.    file

a.   after a session

b.  all folders

c.   application

d.  hard drive

e.  on a USB memory key

f.    program

2.3 The control panel

2.4 Applications

A.   Match the descriptions on the left with these famous applications.

1.   word processor               a. Adobe Photoshop

2.   spreadsheet      b. Internet Explorer

3.   virus protection               c. Microsoft Word

4.   browser             d. Microsoft Excel

5.   image editor     e. Microsoft PowerPoint

6.   media player    f. Norton AntiVirus

7.   email software g. Outlook Express

8.   presentation software    h. Adobe PageMaker

9.   graphic design software i. RealPlayer

B.    Crossword

1.       programs which tell the computer whatto do (8)

2.       a piece of software which makes acomputer do a task (for example, edit an image) (11)

3.       any set of instructions for a computer (7)

4.       software which operates a peripheral,such as a scanner or printer (6)

5.       application which stores and displaysdigital photos (5,5)

6.       you enter a security code to prove thatyou have a _______ to use the software (7)

7.       software which prevents unauthorisedaccess to your computer over the internet

(8)

8.       a series of letters and numbers whichyou have to enter before installing some programs (8,4)

9.       download new features for anapplication (6)

10.   an unauthorised copy of a program (7)

2.5 Some useful adjectives

A. Choose the best words.

1. Software which is easy to use is…

9. Software which has been bought from the company that produced it is…

                    a. real                                                     b. justified                                             c. licensed

Types of software

B. Match the type of software with the definition.

e. You can use it for free for a while (often a month). When the trial period finishes, you have to pay, or the program will de-activate.

2.6 Word processing 1

A. Write the numbers next to

^{the words.}                                                                       B. Match the words with the

types of lettering

top margin

bold          bold italic          italic

                         bottom margin                                                                         lower case (or small letters)

outline          plain text          shadow

left-hand margin

strikethrough          underline

right-hand margin upper case (or capital letters) heading (or title) 1. ____________ ABCDEFG _{body text}            2. ____________ abcdefg

3.   ____________ Typewriters

paragraph break

4.   ____________ Typewriters

indent

5.   ____________ Typewriters

^illustration 6. ____________ Typewriters border (or frame) 7. ____________ Typewriters page number 8. ____________ Typewriters

9.      ____________ Typewriters

page border (or edge of the page)

10.  ___________ Typewriters C. Choose the best words.

1. The text about typewriters is divided into three __________.

2.7 Word processing 2

A. Choose the best words.

1. "Winter / Spring Tours" is the __________.

Punctuation and symbols

B.   Match the words with the punctuation marks and symbols.

C.   Look at this table, and answer true or false.

1.   All the cells are the same size.

Departure times

2.   There are four columns and three rows.

3.   The text in the top bar is reversed-out.

4.   The middle column has a lighter flood fill.

5.   The text is centred within its cells.

6.   The table gridlines are grey.

2.8 Word processing 3

A.   Match the word processing tool with the task.

B.    Match the words with the examples.

1.   Times 10 point

2.   Times 24 point

3.   bullet points

4.   superscript

5.   subscript

6.   justified text

7.   highlighted text

8.   text wrap

a. Jane stared at the screen

b.    Jane stared at the screen. The document had disappeared! She hadn't made a back-up copy. Hours of work wasted!

c.     Possible courses of action:

 Re-type the entire document.

 Get a computer engineer to find if the text could be retrieved.

 Resign, and get another job.

d.    Jane stared at the screen.

e.     Jane stared at the screen.

f.      Jan. 24^th

g.     A₂

h.    Jane stared at the screen. The document had disappeared! She hadn't made a back-up copy. Hours of work wasted!

D. Choose the best words.

1.   Making changes to a text is called _________.

                  a. altering                                              b. renewing                                          c. editing

2.   To change normal text to italic, first you must _________ the text you want to format.

6.     An extra note at the bottom of the page (usually in a smaller font size) is called a ________.

a.   bottom note  b. foot    c. footnote

7.     In word processing, to put things into alphabetical order is to ________.

a.   sort  b. organise            c. order

8.     A list of contacts, addresses etc. is called _________.

a.   an archive      b. a list   c. a database

9.     Producing a document on your computer and sending it direct to a printing press is __________.

2.9 Image editing

A. Match the word with the definition.

1.  crop           a. turn an image

2.  sharpen    b. reverse an image

c. improve the appearance of an

3.  soften image

4.  zoom in

d. remove part of an image

5.  zoom out  e. copy part of an image to

6.  flip             another point in that image

f.    view part of the image in more detail

7.  rotate

g.   view more of the image in less detail

8.  touch up

h.  convert a vector image to a bitmap image (see B5 below)

9.  ^clone         i. make the image less blurred 10. rasterize j. make the image more blurred

B. True or false?

1.  Greyscale images take up more disk space than colour images.

2.  It's often preferable to scan line drawings as black and white images rather than greyscale images. This takes up less disk space, and produces sharper lines. This type of image is also known as lineart.

3.  On most computers, you can view photos as a slideshow – each photo is shown for a few seconds.

4.  You can also view photos as fingernails – small versions of the photos, with lots shown on the screen at the same time.

5.  A vector image (for example, a clipart image) can be expanded to any size without loss of resolution. A bitmap image (for example, a photo) is made of pixels, so it loses resolution when it is expanded.

                                                                     high contrast

                              greyscale                                     black and white                                                                high brightness

2.10 Graphic design

Choose the best words from each pair in bold.

1.   It's usually possible to ¹ import / introduce Adobe PageMaker files into Adobe InDesign. The majority of graphic design applications can ² export / send off documents as PDF files, or as HTML web pages.

2.   This box has a black ³ frame / outside, also known as a "stroke". Inside the frame, the fill is a ⁴ fade / gradient from dark grey to light grey.

The difference between the two versions of "wave", is that ⁵ curling / kerning has been applied to the top version.

3.   A frame, graphic or block of text is known as ⁶ an object / a thing. These are arranged in ⁷ levels / layers – the top layer ⁸ overlaps / overruns the layer below.

4.   This image is ⁹ blurred / soft at the edges (see unit 1.6 for the original).

This ¹⁰ result / effect is also known as ¹¹ feathering / birding.

5.   ¹² Full bleed / total bleed means that the page is printed right up to the edges – there are no white margins. The ¹³ snail / slug area is the area outside the area to be printed where instructions for the printer are written.

6.   This image has been ¹⁴ pulled / stretched (see unit 2.8 for the original).

7.   Before a document goes ¹⁵ to press / for printing, it's essential to check the ¹⁶ examples / proofs for errors.

8.   Like desktop printers, most colour printing ¹⁷ machines / presses print in four colours: cyan (light blue), magenta (dark pink), yellow and black. Before printing, a document must be divided into the four colours. this process is called colour ¹⁸ separation / division. These separations are then turned into ¹⁹ plates / stamps – one for each of the inks that will be used.

9.   Prior to colour separation, coloured images, graphics and text have to be ²⁰ transformed / converted from RGB (Red Green Blue), the colour format of computer displays, to CMYK (Cyan Magenta Yellow Black) the colour format of printing presses.

10.            The process of preparing documents from a graphic designer for the printing press is called ²¹ reprographics / reproduction.

2.11 Spreadsheets

A.   Choose the best word.

3. A spreadsheet grid is called a worksheet. A file containing one or more worksheets is called a __________.

8.   To get a worksheet to perform a mathematical calculation, you have to enter a ___________.a format   b. form  c. formula

9.   A number in a spreadsheet cell is often called a __________.

                            a. digit                                                    b. numeral                                            c. value

10. To remove the contents of a cell is to __________ that cell.

                            a. clean                                                  b. wash                                                  c. clear

11. To remove a complete row is to __________ that row.

                            a. wipe                                                   b. delete                                                c. erase

12. Changing the fonts, colours etc. of a spreadsheet is called __________.

                             a. formatting                                        b. forming                                             c. reforming

B.    Add the arithmetic operator symbols to the table below.*      /      ^      -      +

C.    Answer true or false.

0.75  7.5

D.   Choose the best words from each pair in grey type.

Three useful features in Microsoft Excel:

                Cells can contain ¹ text / language, numerical ² values / details and formulas. It's also possible to add pop-up comment ³ boxes / squares containing additional information (choose Comment from the Insert menu).

The Fill and Autofill commands can be used for making multiple copies of the contents of a cell. Autofill can also be used to automatically create a ⁴ list / series of months, numbers etc.

                You can improve the ⁵ looks / appearance of a spreadsheet very quickly by using the AutoFormat feature.

2.12 Presentation software

1. In Microsoft PowerPoint, when creating a new presentation, you can choose between a blank presentation, a design template and the AutoContent __________.

4. You can include moving pictures in your presentation. These are called __________.

7.      It's usually clearer to present statistics in the form of a table or __________.

a.  chart           b. figure c. track

8.      If you wish, the software will help you __________ of your presentation.

a.  practice the times    b. rehearse the timing       c. try out the times

9.      You can choose to record the __________ on your computer…

a.  narration    b. speaking           c. voice

10.   …rather than giving it __________.

a.  in real life  b. for real              c. live

2.13 Problems with software

Choose the correct preposition. Then match the problem with the solution.

2.14 Which program?

Match the operations with the application types.

2.15 Revision Quiz

2.16 Your software

Can you answer these questions in English?

1. Which application do you use most often? Why?

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. How does it help you in your work?

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Which features do you find most useful?

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Does it have any limitations which annoy you? What are they?

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Is there an application you'd like to learn to use? What would you use it for?

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

Section 3: The Internet

3.1 The internet: the basics

A. Choose the best word from each pair in grey type.

What's the difference between the Web and the internet?

Some people think that the internet and the Web are the same thing, but in fact they are different. The internet (often called simply "the net") is a global ¹ network / net of interconnected computers. These computers communicate with each other ² over / through existing telecommunications networks – principally, the telephone system. The Word Wide Web (usually known as just "the Web") is the billions of web pages that are stored on large computers called web ³ servers / services.

To ⁴ see / access the web, you need a computer and a modem. You then connect over your telephone line to an internet service ⁵ port / provider (ISP), which sends your request to view a particular web page to the correct web server.

Websites are not the only service available on the internet. It is also used for many other functions, including sending and receiving email, and connecting to newsgroups and ⁶ discussion / talking groups.

You could say that the internet is a system of roads, and web pages and emails are types of traffic that travel on those roads.

B.   Put these operations in the order that you do them (variations are possible).

close down your browser connect to your ISP disconnect from the internet enter a web address (also known as a URL*) into the address field launch your browser (for example, Internet Explorer, Netscape Navigator or Mozilla Firefox) perhaps wait for a few seconds while the web-page downloads view the page

* URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator, but the full term is almost never used

C.   Choose the best words.

3. Before you can connect to the internet for the first time, you have to __________ an account with an ISP.

                      a. set                                                       b. set up                                                c. set in

4. Each time you want to connect to your ISP's system, you have to enter a log-in name and a __________.

                      a. security word                                   b. safe word                                          c. password

5. You can set your computer to __________ your log-in details, so you don't have to type them in each time.

8.      Some broadband contracts limit the amount of _________  you can have each month.

                      a. pages                                                 b. traffic                                                 c. use

9.      Looking at web pages can be called "navigating the Web" but is more commonly called ________.

                       a. "surfing the net"                              b. "skiing the net"                               c. "swimming the net"

10.   You can often find the answer to a question by ________ on the internet.

                      a. looking at it                                      b. looking for it                                    c. looking it up

11.   When your computer is not connected to the internet, it is ________.

                      a. out of line                                         b. offline                                                c. off the line

12.   Internet banking is also called ________.

                       a. online banking                                 b. on the line banking                         c. inline banking

13.   An unexpected disconnection from the internet is called a __________.

                      a. lost connection                                b. missed connection                          c. dropped connection

14.   A file which is copied from the internet onto your computer is called _________

                      a. an upload                                          b. a download                                      c. a load

15.   Downloading files from the internet can ________ your computer with a virus.

                      a. infect                                                  b. contaminate                                    c. dirty

*ADSL stands for asymmetric digital subscriber line, but the full term is almost never used.

3.2 Internet browsers

A. Match the browser toolbar button with the function.

1.      Back a. Shows a list of the websites you have visited recently.

2.      Forward         b. Opens the media bar, accessing internet radio, music, video etc.

3.      Stop c. Displays the page you were on before.

4.      Refresh^[6] / Reload2           d. Shows the latest version of the page.

5.      Home              e. Opens the search panel.

6.      Search            f. Displays the page you were on before using the Back button.

7.      Favourites1 / Bookmarks2                g. Displays the page you have set as your home page.

8.      Media             h. Prints the current page.

9.      History            i. Stops a page from downloading.

10.   Mail j. Displays the web addresses you have chosen as your favourites.

11.   Print                k. Shows email options.

3.3 Search engines

What's the difference between a web directory and a search engine?

Web directories (for example, Excite, Lycos) list categories and sub-categories with links to websites. Search engines (for example, Google, Altavista) search the Web for web pages according to the instructions that you give them.

A.   Using a search engine

Put the words into the spaces.

Stage 1: Enter one or more _____________.

Stage 2: The search engine looks for _____________ in all the web pages on their _____________.

Stage 3: The search engine ____________ the matches (or "hits") with _____________ to the web pages.

Stage 4: The search engine may also return "_____________ links". These are links to the websites of companies who have paid the search engine company.

Stage 5: You _____________ the hyperlink to ____________ the web page.

Stage 6: If necessary, you can _____________ your search by using advanced search _____________ such as language, country or the type of _____________ you are looking for.

B.    Logical operators

You can refine your search by using logical operators. Match the search engine instructions with the matches.

3.4 Things on the net

A. Match the activities with the internet features.

1.       Keep a public diary of your journey through South America

2.       Lose lots of money

3.       Find out about the First World War

4.       Download songs

5.       Listen to music in real time

6.       Check your email from any computer

7.       Find links to other websites

8.       Exchange messages in real time with friends or colleagues

9.       Check the latest exchange rates

10.   Read new articles about a subject that interests you

a.   webmail

b.   online music store

c.    instant messaging

d.   online radio

e.   portal

f.    blog

g.   online encyclopedia

h.   currency converter

i.     e-zine

j.     online casino

B. Can you match these activities with the internet features? (It's not easy – the terms are sometimes confused with each other.)

3.5 Internet terms

Choose the best words to complete the sentences.

1.   "The website gets a thousand hits a week" means the website has a thousand _________ a week.

                     a. sales                                                   b. visits                                                    c. search engine matches

2.   The words, images and other material that make up a website are called __________.

5.   Websites with sounds and/or video clips and/or animations have __________ content.

                      a. multimedia                                       b. many-media                                     c. mixed-media

6.   A space in a website where you enter information (address, password etc.) is called a __________.

9. A place with computers for public internet use is usually called an internet café or __________. even if they don't serve coffee.

11. A program that adds functions to a browser (eg Shockwave) is called a __________.

13. Colours which all browsers can display without problems are called __________ colours.

                      a. browser safe                                    b. browser acceptable                        c. browser easy

3.6 E-commerce

Shopping on the net

A. Fill the gaps, then put these stages in order (number them 1 to 8).

account                      add                      browse                      checkout confirm                      delivery                      details                      invoice

shopping basket                      sign in

You usually have to allow at least two working days for ¹______________.

Choose an item, and ²______________ it to your ³______________.

Click ⁴ "______________". Now it's too late to change your mind!

When you have finished shopping, click "proceed to ⁵______________".

Usually, you will receive an ⁶______________ by email.

Enter your name, address and card ⁷______________.

Before you can start shopping, you usually have to ⁸______________ to the site. (If you don't already have an ⁹______________, you have to create one.) ¹⁰____________ the website, and decide what you want to buy.

B. Put the words into the spaces.

bid                 down                 encrypted                 online outbid                padlock                secure server                 system

1.                   Sites that ask for your credit card number or other personal information should use a _________________, so the data you send is _________________.

2.                   A:  "Have you ever bought anything on an auction site like eBay?"

B: "No. Once I made a _________________  on something, but I was _________________ a few seconds before the auction closed."

3.                   The _________________  symbol means that a web-page is secure.

4:             I couldn't book my flight _________________  because the airline's ________________ was _________________.

Booking a hotel online

C. Choose the best words.

You can often make a hotel reservation ^[7] by /over the internet, but you may have to pay a deposit. The deposit will usually be returned ² to / for you if you cancel your reservation a week or more ³ in / with advance.

You will usually receive notification ⁴ about / of the booking ⁵ by / from email. When you check ⁶ in / into the hotel, your details will probably already be ⁷ on / inside the hotel system. When you check ⁸ out / out of, you will usually be given a receipt.

Filling in an e-form

D. Write the information into the fields.

3. 7 internet security

A.   Choose the best words to go into each of the spaces.

1.   A person who illegally accesses somebody else's computer over the internet is called a

__________.

a.   pirate      b. hack   c. hacker

2.   A website which (in theory) cannot be accessed by a hacker is __________.

a.   strong     b. secure              c. clean

3.   A website which can only be viewed by authorised people has __________ access.

a.   reduced b. small  c. restricted

4.   Unwanted advertising emails are popularly known as __________.

a.   meatloaf                b. spam  c. sausages

5.   Software which blocks attempts by others to access your computer over the internet is called a__________.

8. Anti-virus software can also ____________ viruses on removable media, such as floppy disks.

B.    Match the malware with the damage. (It's not easy, and the terms aresometimes confused with each other.)

1.   virus             a. collects and sends private information from the infected

computer to a third party

2.   spyware       b. an undesirable  program which can replicate itself across a network

3.   trojan horse               c. allows a hacker to access private information when he/she wishes

4.   keystroke logger or keylogger               d. a program which adds itself to an executable file, and can

cause considerable damage to the data on the infected computer

5.   worm           e. records characters that are typed into a computer

3.8 Email

A. Look at the email and answer the questions true or false.

1.      The recipient is Anna.

2.      The sender is Anna.

3.      Bernard knows that Carol knows when Anna will be arriving in Rome.

4.      Bernard knows that Dave knows when Anna will be arriving in Rome.

5.      You can say that Anna Cc-ed her email to Carol.

6.      You can say that Anna Bcc-ed her email to Dave.

7.      The subject line is empty.

8.      The style of the email is formal.

9.      Cc stands for carbon copy and Bcc stands for blind carbon copy, but the full terms are almost never used.

10.   Carbon copies were a method of making copies of documents typed on typewriters.

Sending an attachment

B. Put the words in the spaces.

attach                           browse                           field                           inboxes

open                           send                           size

You can send almost any file as an attachment. ¹_______________ through the folders on your computer until you find the file you want to attach. Click on "²_______________". The file will appear in the attachments ³_______________. Then click "⁴_______________", and wait while the file uploads. Add more files if you wish. When you have finished adding files, click "⁵_______________".

Some email ⁶_______________ will only receive attachments up to a certain ⁷_______________ with one email, for example 10MB. If you need to send a lot of very big attachments, it's sometimes necessary to spread them over a number of separate emails.

3.9 Email comprehension 1

Hi Tony

Thanks for sending through that a/w so quickly. Just one problem – I couldn't open the attachment. I'm not sure why. My inbox is virtually empty, so there's plenty of room, and the attachment limit is 20MB, so there's no problem there. Perhaps there was a glitch somewhere. Anyway, rather than trying to figure out what went wrong, could you just send it again?

Did we discuss file format? I don't know much about TIFFs, JPEGs etc, but I meant to tell you that if you have any queries on this, you could get in touch with Steve, our designer. His email address is [email protected].

One other thing. When you resend me the a/w, could you cc it to Angela? I've asked her to have a quick look at it before we put it in the brochure.

I'm looking forward very much to seeing those pics – fingers crossed that they'll come through OK this time. However, if I still can't download them, I'll ask you to put them on a disk and mail them. All the best

Jenny

A.   Are these statements true or false?

1.   Jenny didn't receive the a/w because her inbox is too small.

2.   The attached files came to less than 20MB in total.

3.   Jenny has resolved a technical problem, and the attachment will come through without any problems next time.

4.   Tony will have to resend the a/w.

5.   Jenny is a graphic design expert

6.   Tony is also going to put the files onto a disk and mail them.

7.   Angela has already seen the a/w.

8.   The style is too informal – business emails should always be more formal than this.

B.    Find words or expressions in the email which mean the same as the phrasesbelow.

3.10 Email comprehension 2

A.   Are these statements true or false?

1.   Tony thinks Jenny should change her email provider.

2.   The designer will need to reformat the files.

3.   Angela doesn't have broadband.

4.   Tony is sending resized versions of the a/w files to Angela.

5.   These versions will look the same as the original versions.

6.   Tony is going on holiday on Friday morning.

7.   Trevor may be able to help with any problems that come up while Tony is away.

8.   The style is neutral – neither formal nor informal.

B.    Find words or expressions in the email which mean the same as the phrasesbelow.

3.11 Useful verbs crossword

Complete the sentences with the missing verbs, and write them into the crossword puzzle. Words in brackets mean the same as the missing verbs.

1.   __________  your holiday photos on theweb (display)

2.   __________ the attachment in a newwindow

3.   __________ pop-ups (stop)

4.   __________  to the internet

5 . __________  your wireless connection

(turn on)

5 . __________ your credit card details

(type in)

6.      __________  your anti-virus protection

7.      __________  the photo as a JPEG

8.      __________  a technical problem (sort out)

9.      __________  on your firewall (enable)

10.   __________  your wireless connection

(turn off)

11.   __________  your webpage to a webserver

12.   __________ some clipart from theinternet

13.   __________ an attachment with an email

14.   __________  for something on eBay

15 . __________  pop-ups (permit)

15.    __________  the internet (use)

16.   __________  the email to everybody else onthe team (send a copy of )

17.   __________  a bid for something on eBay

18.   __________  to a different ISP (change)

3.12 Revision wordsearch

There are 33 words connected with internet in this grid. Can you find them all?

(Look down and across.)

3.13 Your internet

1.   Who is your current ISP?

___________________________________________________________________________________________

2.   Have you had any problems with them? If so, what?

___________________________________________________________________________________________

3.   What type of internet connection do you have?

___________________________________________________________________________________________

4.   Is it fast enough for your requirements? If not, how would a faster connection be useful to you?___________________________________________________________________________________________

5.   From where do you usually access the internet?

___________________________________________________________________________________________

6.   On average, how many hours a week do you spend online?

___________________________________________________________________________________________

7.   Have you ever done these things?

a.   sent and received emails

b.   chatted in real time

c.   booked a flight online

d.   used your credit or debit card to pay for something over the internet

e.   had a virus on your computer

f.    had a problem with identity theft

g.   downloaded a photo from a bulletin board

h.   connected to the internet over a wireless connection

i.     set up a wireless network in your own home or office

Answer keyUnit 0000

1.1 Hardware

From left to right:

laptop computer / desktop computer mouse /  printer / scanner digital camera / fax machine / mobile phone PDA / projector

docking station / battery / cable / socket / plug

1.2 Some useful verbs

1 f, 2 e, 3 c, 4 d, 5 g, 6 h, 7 b, 8 a, 9 b, 10 c, 11 a, 12 a, 13 b, 14 c, 15 b, 16 b, 17 a, 18 c

1.3 The workstation

1 tower, 2 power button, 3 floppy disk drive, 4 CD / DVD drive, 5 screen, 6 wire / cable, 7 keyboard, 8 mouse, 9 key, 10 flat panel monitor, 11 CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) monitor, 12, stand, 13 printer, 14 scanner, 15 desk, 16 chair, 17 telephone, 18 a, 19 c, 20 a, 21 b, 22 b, 23 c, 24 c, 25 b, 26 a, 27 c.

1.4 The keyboard

Part 1: (clockwise from top left) function keys / indicator lights / calculator keys / return key / alphabet keys / space bar

Part 2: 1 backspace key, 2 shift key, 3 caps lock key, 4 tab key, 5 control key, 6 alt key, 7 escape key, 8 delete key, 9 enter, 10, key in, 11 data input, 12 standard keyboard / ergonomic keyboard

1.5 The mouse

1 scroll up, 2 scroll down, 3 hold down, 4 repetitive strain injury, 5 touchpad (or mouse pad), 6 joystick, 7 roll, 8 optical, 9 single, 10 double, 11 on, 12 left button, 13 right button, 14 scroll wheel (or mouse wheel), 15 pointer

1.6 Scanning

1                    connected, 2 original, 3 at / dpi, 4 preview, 5 adjust / brightness / contrast, 6 click, 7 text / OCR software,8 file format, 9 image editing software, 10 all-in-one, 11 handheld, 12 flatbed, 13 high, 14 low

1.7 Some useful adjectives

1 b, 2 b, 3 c, 4 a, 5 c, 6 a, 7 c, 8 c, 9 a, 10 c, 11 b, 12 a, 13 a, 14 c, 15 c, 16 b

1.8 Printing

A: 1 cartridge, 2 replacement, 3 cover, 4 via, 5 out of / reload, 6 jammed, 7 feed, 8 out, 9 mono, 10 printheads (or print nozzles), 11 double-sided (or two-sided), 12 collate, 13 portrait, 14 landscape

B: 2 laser, 3 laser, 4 laser, 5 inkjet, 6 laser, 7 laser, 8 inkjet

C: 1 T, 2 F (the colours are cyan, magenta, yellow and black), 3 T, 4 F (they're much slower than that), 5 F,

6 T, 7 F, 8 T, 9 T, 10 F

1.9 Mobile phones

Part 1: (from the top) earpiece / screen / keypad / star key / hash key / microphone

Part 2: 1 networks, 2 operators, 3 tariffs, 4 pay-as-you-go, 5 top up, 6 users, 7 contract, 8 SIM card, 9 installed, 10 roaming.

Part 3: 1 b, 2 a, 3 a, 4 b, 5 c, 6 b, 7 a, 8 a, 9 c, 10 c, 11 b, 12 c, 13 d, 14 d, 15 b

1.10 Other devices

1 h, 2 a, 3 g,  4 b, 5 d, 6 c, 7 e, 8 f, 9 b, 10 a, 11 b, 12 b, 13 c, 14 c, 15 b

1.11 Inside a computer

A: 1 processor, 2 chips, 3 dual core, 4 speed, 5 megahertz, 6 megabytes, 7 motherboard, 8 upgraded

B: 1 mains electricity, 2 transformer, 3 surge protector / spikes, 4 disconnect / supply / shock, 5 fan / overheating

1.12 Data storage

Part 1: 1 hard drive, 2 free space, 3 capacity, 4 burn, 5 eject, 6 drawer, 7 card / stick

Part 2: 2 e, 3 c, 4 d, 5 a, 6 g, 7 f

1.13 Connectivity

Part 1: 1 b, 2 a, 3 c, 4 b, 5 c, 6 a, 7 c, 8 b, 9 a

Part 2: 1 wireless, 2 devices, 3 enabled, 4 signals, 5 data, 6 developed, 7 telecommunications

1.14 Networks

LAN: 1 Local, 2 server, 3 terminals, 4 log onto, 5 intranet, 6 satellite, 7 WAN, 8 network card

Network topologies: 1 star, 2 hierarchical, 3 ring, 4 line or bus

1.15 Electronic payments

A: cash / outlets / central / goods / touch / receipts / funds / debit

B: 1 f, 2 c, 3 b, 4 h, 5 a, 6 d, 7 e, 8 g

C: 1 b, 2 a, 3 e, 4 d, 5 c

1.16 Review crossword

2.1 Software: the basics

A: 1 b, 2 a, 3 a, 4 c, 5 c, 6 a, 7 b, 8 a, 9 c, 10 b, 11 b, 12 a, 13 b, 14 c

B: 1 installed, 2 launch, 3 renamed, 4 running / close, 5 start menu, 6 window, 7 drag and drop, 8 search / find, 9 user / password, 10 free up / uninstalling, 11 save

2.2 Using software: useful verbs

Set 1: 1 f, 2 e, 3 d, 4 b, 5 c, 6 a

Set 2: 1 d, 2 f, 3 b, 4 a, 5e, 6 c

Set 3: 1 b, 2 c, 3 e, 4 a, 5 f, 6 d

Set 4: 1 c, 2 a, 3 b, 4 e, 5 f, 6 d

2.3 The control panel

2 adding, 3 setting up, 4 format, 5 displayed, 6 background, 7 digital, 8 wallpaper, 9 image, 10 screen saver,

11 wireless, 12 performance, 13 properties, 14 tasks, 15 default

2.4 Applications

A: 1 c, 2 d, 3 f, 4 b, 5 a, 6 i, 7 g, 8 e, 9 h B: