Доклад по английскому языку "Public holidays in Australia"
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03.05.2018
Australia Day is Australia's national day celebrated on 26 January annually in all states and territories. 26 January was chosen because it is the day of the establishment of the first English settlement at Port Jackson by Captain Arthur Phillip in 1788.
Since 1960, the winner of the Australian of the Year award is announced by the Prime Minister on the eve of Australia Day (25 Jan).
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Public holidays in Australia
Australia Day
Australia Day is Australia's national day
celebrated on 26 January annually in all states and
territories. 26 January was chosen because it is the
day of the establishment of the first English
settlement at Port Jackson by Captain Arthur
Phillip in 1788.
Since 1960, the winner of the Australian of
the Year award is announced by the Prime
Minister on the eve of Australia Day (25 Jan).
Recorded celebrations date back to 1808 in Australia, and in 1818, Governor Lachlan
Macquarie held the first official celebration of Australia Day. It was made a public holiday in New
South Wales in 1836, and Victoria adopted the day as a public holiday in 1931. It commenced to be
celebrated by all states and territories in 1946, but began to be actually celebrated on 26 January from
1994.
Labour Day
Labour Day commemorates the achievements
of the Australian labour movement. The
celebration of Labour Day has its origins in
the eight hour day movement, which advocated
eight hours for work, eight hours for recreation,
and eight hours for rest. On 21 April 1856
Stonemasons and building workers on building
sites around Melbourne, Australia, stopped work
and marched from the University of Melbourne to
Parliament House to achieve an eighthour day.
Their direct action protest was a success, and they are noted as the first organised workers in the world
to achieve an eighthour day with no loss of pay, which subsequently inspired the celebration of
Labour Day and May Day. In Tasmania the public holiday is called Eight Hours Day and in the
Northern Territory it is called May Day.
The Labour Day public holiday varies considerably between the various states and territories. It
is the first Monday in October in the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales and South
Australia. In both Victoria and Tasmania, it is the second Monday in March. In Western Australia,
Labour Day is the first Monday in March. In the Northern Territory and Queensland, it is the first
Monday in May. Easter
The days of Easter vary each year depending
on the day determined by the Western
Christian calendar. Until 1994 Easter Tuesday was
a Bank Holiday in Victoria (it retains this status
partially in Tasmania). For the basis of how the
days are determined see Easter. The NSW Public
Holidays Act 2010 refers to the day after Good
Friday as "Easter Saturday," but the
Victorian Public Holidays Act 1993 refers to it
merely as "the Saturday before Easter Sunday."
ANZAC Day
ANZAC Day is a day on which the country
remembers those citizens who fell fighting or who
served the country in wars. ANZAC Day is
commemorated on 25 April every year. The tradition
began to remember the Australian and New Zealand
Army Corps (ANZAC) soldiers
who landed at Gallipoli in Turkey during World War
I.
ANZAC Day commemoration features marches
by veterans and by solemn "Dawn Services", a tradition started in Albany, Western Australia on 25
April 1923 and now held at war memorials around the country, accompanied by thoughts of those lost
at war to the ceremonial sounds of The Last Post on the bugle. The fourth stanza of Laurence Binyon's
poem For the Fallen (known as the "Ode of Remembrance") is often recited.
Queen's Birthday
In all states and territories except
Queensland and Western Australia, Queen's
Birthday is observed on the second Monday in
June. Because Western Australia celebrates
Western Australia Day (formerly Foundation Day)
on the first Monday in June, the Governor of
Western Australia proclaims the day on which the
state will observe the Queen's Birthday, based on
school terms and the Perth Royal Show.[24] There is
no firm rule to determine this date before it is proclaimed, though it is typically the last Monday of
September or the first Monday of October. In 2011 the Queen's Birthday holiday in Western Australia
was moved from Monday, 3 October 2011 to Friday, 28 October 2011 to coincide with the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM), which was held in Perth. The day has
been celebrated since 1788, when Governor Arthur Phillipdeclared a holiday to mark the birthday
of King George III. Until 1936 it was held on the actual birthday of the Monarch, but after the death
of King George V it was decided to keep the date at midyear.
On that day the "Queen's Birthday honours list" is released naming new members of the Order of
Australia and other Australian honours. This occurs on the date observed in the Eastern States, not the
date observed in Western Australia.
The Queen's Birthday weekend and Empire Day, 24 May, were long the traditional times for
public fireworks displays in Australia. Although they still occur, the tradition has recently been
overshadowed by larger New Year's Eve fireworks, as the sale of fireworks to the public was
progressively banned by the states in the 1980s. The sale of fireworks in the Australian Capital
Territory was also banned on 24 August 2009.
Christmas Day
Christmas is observed on 25 December each
year to commemorate the birth of Jesus. In Australia,
it was introduced with British settlement in 1788 as
the cultural norms were transferred to the new
colonies. Though a Christian religious festival, it does
not breach the constitution's separation of Church and
State provision, because it is declared under State
law, which is not subject to the provision.
Boxing Day
Boxing Day is on the day after Christmas, i.e.
26 December each year, except in South Australia.
In South Australia, the first otherwise working day
after Christmas is a public holiday
called Proclamation Day.
Boxing Day is noted for the start of the post
Christmas sale season. The day has also become a
significant sporting day. Melbourne hosts the Boxing
Day Test Match and the Sydney to Hobart Yacht
Race which also starts on this day.
Доклад по английскому языку "Public holidays in Australia"
Доклад по английскому языку "Public holidays in Australia"
Доклад по английскому языку "Public holidays in Australia"
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