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LESSON OUTLINE. What is information. Information processes.

1.       Lesson type: lesson - introduction of new material using ICT with the leading role of the teacher.

2.       The purpose of the lesson: the formation of students' ideas about the generality of information processes for systems of various nature and their significance in the formation of a modern scientific picture of the world.

3.       Lesson objectives:

·       teaching - to expand the understanding of trainees about the key concepts of "information" and "information processes"; to study ways of transferring, storing, processing information

·       developing - development of thinking, speech, memory, attentiveness, ability to analyze, systematize and generalize the information received.

·       educational  - the development of self-education skills, a positive attitude to cognitive activity, attentiveness, respect for computer technology.

4.       Planned educational outcomes:

·        Subject:- the formation of ideas about the role of information and related processes in the surrounding world; - understanding the role of information processes in the modern world; - the formation of information and algorithmic culture; - the formation of ideas about storage methods and the simplest processing of data.

·        Metasubject:- the ability to assess the correctness of the educational task and the corresponding possibilities for its solution; - the ability to define concepts, create generalizations, establish analogies, build logical reasoning and draw conclusions; - development of ICT - competence, i.e. gaining experience in creating, transforming, presenting information objects.

·        Personal: - the formation of a worldview corresponding to the modern level of development of science and social practice; - the formation of skills of cooperation with peers and adults in educational activities.

5.       Forms of student work: frontal, individual independent work.

6.        Equipment:  computer, projector.

7.       Types of ICT tools used: demonstration (presentation), simulators (test).

8.       Software: for the teacher: Power Point program, to demonstrate the presentation; for students: Microsoft Excel program for working with tests.

9.       Lesson structure and course:

STRUCTURE AND PROCESS OF THE LESSON

DURING THE CLASSES:

1.     Org. moment.

2.     Knowledge update

Why is the concept of "circle" one, but there are many concepts of "information"? (It is impossible to give the concept of information unambiguously, because each science does it in its own way, investing in the concept only those components that correspond to its subject and tasks.)

What processes do you think will be called informational? (processes related to information.)

3.     Presentation of new material:

We have already said what “information” is with the proviso that it is just a concept, not a strict definition.

The word "information" comes from the Latin word informatio, which translated means information, clarification, familiarization.

Information - This is such a general and deep concept that it cannot be explained in one phrase. This word has different meanings in technology, science, life.

Therefore, we will consider the concept of information from different points of view and try to identify common features. Let's all together try to formulate the concept of information in various sciences.

-         maths: information - information that a person has created with the help of inferences;

-         biology: information - human genetic code;

-         in ordinary life: information - information, message, awareness of the state of affairs;

-         Informatics: information - human knowledge that he receives from the world around him and implements with the help of computer technology.

So, in different scientific disciplines and in different fields of technology, there are different concepts of information. But there are common features that unite these approaches.

Let's find these similarities by answering the following questions:

1.     What needs to be done for the information to appear? (create, find, collect).

2.     I have some information (text of the letter, tasks, code for the safe). What can I do with her? (transmit, distribute, use, copy, share).

3.     Is there a situation in which I cannot convey it? (if there is interference).

4.     What needs to be done to compare several information (add two numbers, translate text from English into Russian, decipher the code)? (process, transform).

5.     How is information transmitted? (paper, cassette, gene, cool magazine, stone, disk).

6.     How does the information get to the recipient? (air, telecommunication channels).

The concept of information in all spheres without exception involves the creation, processing and storage of information. All these processes are called informational.

Transmission, processing and storage of information occurs in the form of signals (electromagnetic, light, thermal, sound, mechanical, visual, auditory, taste) and signs (alphabet, signs of sign language, code, notes).

Let's consider separately the transfer, processing and storage of information.

Transfer of information.

The dissemination of information between people occurs in the process of its transfer. The transmission can take place during direct conversation between people, through correspondence, using technical means of communication: telephone, radio, television, computer network. In order to transmit and receive information, it is necessary to have a source of information and its receiver. The source of information is sometimes referred to as the sender or transmitter, and the receiver is called the consumer or receiver.

The transfer of information from the source to the receiver always occurs through

Data processing.  (slide number 12)

Information processing in computer science is understood as any transformation of information. As a result of information processing, new information can be obtained (for example, having solved the problem, you learned

speed of the boat), or it may not work (for example, when translating

text from Russian into English).

New information can be obtained only after processing already

Calculation- one of the options for information processing. New data

are obtained by calculations performed on the original data.

 Logical reasoning is another way of processing information.

New information is derived from the original data by logical

reasoning.

 Encoding is the transformation of the representation of information from one

symbolic form to another convenient for its storage, transmission or processing.

 Sorting information - another type of information processing.

 Structuring is the organization of data according to some rule that connects them into a single whole.

Data storage...  

People store information either in their own memory (sometimes they say - in

"Mind"), or on some external media. Most often on paper.

Human memory can be conditionally called operational. Here the word

"Prompt" is synonymous with "fast". Man fast

In addition to the processes considered, there are others.

4.     Securing the material.  

Let's go back to the questions posed at the beginning of the lesson. Answer them again.

•      Why is the concept of "circle" one, but there are many concepts of "information"?

•      What processes do you think will be called informational?

5.     Homework.

Learn definitions.

Be able to draw and explain information process diagrams.

List of sources used.

1.     ND Ugrinovich Informatics Grade 10-11

2.      N.V. Makarova Informatics and ICT Grade 10

3.     O. L. Sokolova Universal lesson development in informatics: grade 10