YOUTH SUBCULTURE:
DIFFERENCE AND SIMILARITY
The subject of the research work is youth subculture. The cultures of all countries are unique, which means that people who have grown up in different ways of behaving and different ways of thinking and different ways of expressing themselves. We compare the most widespread youth subculture in our country.
Contents 2014.docx
Contents
I. Introduction
II. Main part
2.1 The term of subculture and its meaning…
2.2 Six key ways in which subcultures can be identified …
2.3 Emos
2.4 Ravers
2.5 Metalheads
2.6Goths
III. Conclusions…
Sources of information, literature ……………
Supplement 1……………………………………… YOUTH SUBCULTURE:
DIFFERENCE AND SIMILARITY
The subject of the research work is youth subculture. The cultures of all
countries are unique, which means that people who have grown up in different ways
of behaving and different ways of thinking and different ways of expressing
themselves. We compare the most widespread youth subculture in our country.
The subject of the research work is youth subcultures.
The aim of our research work: is to compare youth subcultures.
To achieve the aim we are to solve the following objectives:
To define the term «subcultures»;
To research the history of youth subcultures;
To compare the youth subcultures;
To investigate youth subcultures among representatives of different age,
gender and groups.
In our research work we used the following methods:
theoretical (analysis, comparison, planning of the research hypotheses and
collation to the results);
empirical (questioning, interviewing).
In our work we compared youth subcultures.
Introduction
The study of subcultures often consists of the study of the symbolism attached
to clothing, music, and other visible affections by members of the subculture, and
also the ways in which these same symbols are interpreted by members of the
dominant culture.
Nationality normally confers some protection of the individual by the state, and
some obligations on the individual towards the state. These rights and duties are
varying from country to country. It differs technically and legally from citizenship,
although in most modern countries all nationals are citizens of the state and all
citizens are nationals of the state. The young follow certain stereotypes that are
imposed on them through TV, movies, and music. In their lifestyle they try to imitate
the images of their idols. Other young people are sports and music fans. They follow
their idols in their tours and support them. Unfortunately they are intolerant to those who don't share their view. It's a specific aspect of the youth subculture that can't be
ignored.
There are still lots of various strange and interesting people around the
world. They change from country to country.
Main part
In sociology, anthropology, and cultural studies, a subculture is a group of
people within a culture that differentiates themselves from the larger culture to which
they belong.
The Oxford English Dictionary defines the term as "a cultural group within a
larger culture, often having beliefs or interests at variance with those of the larger
culture.
The British sociologist Dick Hebdige argued that a subculture is a subversion
to normalcy. He wrote that subcultures can be perceived as negative due to their
nature of criticism to the dominant societal standard. Hebdige argued that
subcultures bring together likeminded individuals who feel neglected by societal
standards and allow them to develop a sense of identity.
Sarah Thornton described "subcultural capital" as the cultural knowledge and
commodities acquired by members of a subculture, raising their status and helping
differentiate themselves from members of other groups.
Ken Gelder proposed to distinguish subcultures from countercultures based on
the level of immersion in society.
Gelder proposed six key ways in which subcultures can be identified through
their:
often negative relations to work;
negative or ambivalent relation to class;
association with territory (the 'street', the 'hood', the club, etc.;
movement out of the home and into nondomestic forms of belonging (i.e.
social groups other than the family);
stylistic ties to excess and exaggeration;
refusal of the banalities of ordinary life and mystification.
A youth subculture is a youthbased subculture with distinct styles, behaviors,
and interests. Youth subcultures offer participants an identity outside of that ascribed
by social institutions such as family, work, home and school.
Youth subcultures that show a systematic hostility to the dominant culture are
sometimes described as countercultures.
Many youth subcultures are associated with youth music genres, such as
Emos
Ravers,
Metalheads
Goths What is the difference? The study of subcultures often consists of the study of the
symbolism attached to clothing, music, other visible affections by members of the
subculture, and also the ways in which these same symbols are interpreted by
members of the dominant culture.
Emos
Emos is a style of rock music characterized by melodic musicianship and
expressive, often confessional lyrics. It originated in the mid1980s hardcore punk
movement of Washington, D.C., where it was known as "emotional hardcore" or
"emocore" and pioneered by bands such as Rites of Spring among teens.
The term "emo" is stereotyped with wearing jeans, sometimes in bright colors and
may often be closefitting, and Tshirts (usually shortsleeved) which often bear the
names of emo bands.
Raves.
A rave (from the verb: to rave) is a large party or festival featuring performances
by disc jockeys (colloquially called DJs) and occasionally live performers playing
electronic music, particularly electronic dance music (EDM).
Music played at raves include house, trance, techno, drum and bass, dubstep and
other forms of electronic dance music with the accompaniment of laser light shows,
projected images, visual effects and smoke machines.
Rave culture originated mostly from acid house music parties in the midtolate
1980s in the Chicago area in the United States. After Chicago house artists began
experiencing overseas success, it quickly spread to the United Kingdom, mainland
Europe and the rest of the United State.
Some raves make use of pagan symbolism. Raving in itself is a syllabus free
dance, whereby the movements are not predefined and the dance is performed
randomly, dancers take immediate inspiration from the music and their mood.
Such dances are usually freestyle in nature, since they are very rarely choreographed
in preparation for such events (although some ravers may create personal dance
routines).
Dances like Jumpstyle, Tecktonik, Liquid and digits, Melbourne Shuffle and
Industrial dance may be sometimes highly dependent on preplanned choreography
for performances at raves. Nonetheless, rave dance styles can be completely
freeform due to their simple footwork and arm movements.
Metalheads.
Fans of heavy metal music have created their own subculture which encompasses
more than just appreciation of the style of music. Fans affirm their membership in the
subculture or scene by attending metal concerts, buying albums, in some cases
growing their hair, and most recently, by contributing to metal websites.
Heavy metal fans go by a number of different names, including metal head, head
banger, and thrasher. These vary with time and regional divisions. But just "headbanger" and "metalhead" are universally accepted to refer to fans or the
subculture itself.
The heavy metal fashions comprise tight blue jeans or drill pants, motorcycle
boots or hitop sneakers and black tshirts, worn with a sleeveless kutte of denim or
leather emblazoned with woven patches and button pins from heavy metal bands.
Sometimes, a denim vest, emblazoned with album art "knits" (cloth patches) would
be worn over a longsleeved leather jacket.
As with other musical subcultures of the era, such as punks, this jacket and its
emblems and logos helped the wearer to announce their interests. Metal fans often
wear tshirts with the emblem of bands.
Goths.
The Goth subculture is a contemporary subculture found in many countries. The
Goth subculture has survived much longer than others of the same era, and has
continued to diversify. Its imagery and cultural proclivities indicate influences from
the 19th century Gothic literature along with horror films and to some extent BDSM
culture.
The Goth subculture has associated tastes in music, aesthetics and fashion. Goth
fashion is stereotyped as conspicuously dark, eerie, mysterious, complex, and very
exotic.
The music of the Goth subculture encompasses a number of different styles,
including gothic rock, death rock, postpunk, dark wave, industrial music and
neoclassical dark wave, with contemporary links to the heavy metal subculture.
Gothic fashion is a clothing style marked by conspicuously dark, mysterious,
exotic, and complex features. It is worn by members of the Goth subculture. A dark,
sometimes morbid fashion and style of dress, typical gothic fashion includes a pale
complexion with colored black hair, black lips and black clothes. Both male and
female Goths wear dark eyeliner and dark fingernail polish. Styles are often borrowed
from the punks, Victorians and Elizabethans. Goth fashion is sometimes confused
with heavy metal fashion and emo fashion.
Conclusions:
As we have seen, the subcultures are different, but I should say that they have
some things in common. I found some common characteristics, such as the well
known «empire mentality».
We live in a modern world, each of us communicates with different people and
they belong to different subcultures. To understand a person, the motives of
behaviour, emotions and feelings, we have to know the culture of the country where
the person we are talking to was born and lives now. While we were writing our research work we used the next literature:
Cante, Richard C. (March 2009). Gay Men and the Forms of Contemporary US
Culture. London: Ashgate Publishing.
Gelder, Ken (2007). Subcultures: Cultural Histories and Social Practice (Routledge,
March 2007; softcover
Hebdige, Dick (1979). Subculture: The Meaning of Style (Routledge, March 10,
1981; softcover Cited in Negus, Keith (1996). Popular Music in Theory: An
Introduction. Wesleyan University Press.
Huq, Rupa (2006) 'Beyond subculture' (Routledge, 2006; softcover Hardcover
Maffesoli, Michel (1996). The Time of the Tribes: The Decline of Individualism in
Mass Society. (London: Sage Publications.
McKay, George (1996) Senseless Acts of Beauty: Cultures of Resistance since the
Sixties. (London: Verso.
McKay, George (2005) Circular Breathing: The Cultural Politics of Jazz in
Britain. Durham NC: Duke University Press.
Riesman, David (1950). "Listening to popular music", American Quarterly, 2,
p. 35971. Cited in Middleton, Richard (1990/2002). Studying Popular Music,
p. 155. Philadelphia: Open University Press.
Thornton, Sarah (1995). Club Cultures: Music, Media, and Subcultural Capital.
Cambridge: Polity Press. Cited in Negus, Keith (1996).Popular Music in Theory:
An Introduction. Wesleyan University Press.
Watters, Ethan (2003). Urban Tribes: A Generation Redefines Friendship, Family,
and Commitment.
Hall, Stuart, Tony Jefferson (1993). Resistance Through Rituals: Youth Subcultures
in PostWar Britain. Routledge, 1993.
Blair, M. Elizabeth. "Commercialization of Rap Music Youth Subculture." Journal
of Popular Culture 27.3 (1993): 2133. Print.
GoldsteinGidoni, Ofra. "Producers of 'Japan' in Israel: Cultural appropriation in a
noncolonial context." Ethnos:Journal of Anthropology 68.3 (2003): 365. Print. Lewin, Phillip, J. Patrick Williams. "Reconceptualizing Punk through Ideology and
Authenticity". Conference Papers—American Sociological Association. 2007
Conference Papers, 2007.
Howes, David. Crosscultural consumption: global markets, local realities. New
York: Routledge, 1996. Print.
Исследовательская работа "Субкультуры"
Исследовательская работа "Субкультуры"
Исследовательская работа "Субкультуры"
Исследовательская работа "Субкультуры"
Исследовательская работа "Субкультуры"
Исследовательская работа "Субкультуры"
Исследовательская работа "Субкультуры"
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