Pre-Intermediate

Workbook with key

New

English Course

John and Liz Soars

OXFORD

UNIVERSITY PRESS

OXFORD

UNIVERSITY PRESS

Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP

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ISBN 0 19 436672 3

Printed in China

Acknowledgements

Revision: Tenses and verb forms written by Jerry Lambert

Illustrations by:

Adrian Barclay pp22, 31; John Batten pp8, 21, 43, 65; Kathy Baxendale p 14;

Emma Dodd/Black Hat PPI 1, 27, 72; Mark Duffin p48; Neil Gower pp13, 23, 55;

Tim Kahane pp5, 12, 25, 79; Harry Venning pp10, 18 , 30, 34, 45, 53, 64, 68, 69, 77; Celia Witchard pp6, 29, 36, 46, 66, 76

The publishers would like to thank the following for their kind permission to reproduce photographs:

Aviation Picture Library p41 (pilot); Bubbles Photolibrary pp9 (boy with horse/ Jennie Woodcock), 44 (child being fed/G Du Feu); Corbis UK Ltd p42 (Cher and her children); PA News Photolibrary pp51 (adventurer David

Hempleman-Adams), 52 (commuters), 60 (train crash); Popperfoto pp38 (camel), 42 (Cher performing/Reuters, Sonny and Chet"), 61 (making parachutes), 63 (Frankenstein); Robert Harding Picture Library p54 (Acropolis/Tony Gervis); Sally & Richard Greenhill p7() (ballet dancer); Stone pp15 (teenage girls/P Tweedie), 19 (male executive/l) Oliver, Post Ofticc/D Jacobs), 32 (sheep grazing/Mike McQueen), 33 (Bondi Beach/D Armand), 37

(bridges over The Tÿne/Geoff Johnson), 38 (granddaughter with grandfather/B

Aron), 40 (couple working on computer, man on telephone/D Bosler), 41 (elderly patient/Bruce Ayres, man playing guitar/R Frerck, bride and groom/C

Henderson), 44 (young man ironing/B Ayres, girl cooking/W Hodges), 50 (Antarctica/R Mear, British Transglobe Expedition/B Campbell), 54 (smiling woman/B Thomas), 60 (smiling man/P Correz, man jogging/B Thomas), 61 (climber wearing equipment/ P Souders, legs below table/Douet/TSI Imaging), 71 (couple looking at travel brochures/F Siteman), 78 (man playing saxophone/C Kunin), 80 (woman/S Godlewski, man/ D Durfee); Telegraph Colour Library pp16 (Ben Nevis/R Leeney), 19 (storm damage/Comnet Ltd),

33 (Sydney Opera House/ K Ross), 37 (railings by river/Bibikow, Newcastle Upon Tyne/M Fife), 52 (Eurostar train/P Adams)

Commissioned photography by:

Gareth Boden pp7, 16, 49

CONTENTS

UNIT 1                                                                                                              Vocabulary

10 Spelling of plural nouns

Il Clothes 25

Writing

12 Filling in forms 26

UNIT 5

Verb patterns

I Hopes and ambitions

2   Infinitive or -ing? 28

3   Asking questions 28

Tenses

I Recognizing tenses 5 2 Choosing the correct form 6

3 Correcting mistakes 6

Question forms 4 Making questions with auxiliaries 6

5      Making questions with do/ does/ did 6

6      Question words 7

7      Word order 7

8      Which question word? 7

9      What + noun, How + adjective or adverb 8

10  Replying with a question 8

Vocabulary

11  Jobs 8

Writing

12  Writing an informal letter 9

Present Simple

I Making negatives 10

2                Making questions 10

3                Short answers 11

4                Third person singular 11 5 Adverbs of frequency 11

Present Simple or Continuous? 6 Spelling of the present participle 12

7 Choosing thc correct form 12 8 What does she do? or What is she doing? 12 have/have got

9       Making statements and negatives 13

10    Short answers 13

Il Things in the house 14

Writing

12    Linking words — but, however 14

13    Describing a person 15

UNIT 3

Past Simple I Choosing the right verb 16

2   Making negatives 17

3   Making questions 17

4   Short answers 17

5   Past Simple forms 17

6   Past time expressions 18

Past Continuous

7       Forming the Past Continuous 18

8       Newspaper stories 19

Past Simple or Continuous?

9       Choosing the correct form 19

Vocabulary

10    have + noun = activity 20

Writing

Il Linking words — while, during, and for 20

12 Writing a storyl 21

Count and uncount nouns

I a or some? 22

2 chocolate or a chocolate? 22

Expressions of quantity

3    some or any? 23

4    How much? or How many? 23

5    much, many, or a lot of? 23

6    a few or a little? 24

Articles

7    a/ an or the? 24

8    No articles 24

9    a, the, or nothing? 25

25

27

would like (to do) or like (doing)?

4             Would you ...? or Do you ...? 28

5             Choosing the correct form 29 6 would like or like? 29 will and going to

7       Offers and decisions 29

8       What's going to happen? 30

9       Choosing the correct form 30

Vocabulary

10    Words that go together 31

Writing

Il Writing a postcard 32

UNIT 6

What ... like?

I What is/ are . like? 33

2 What was/were ... like? 33

Comparatives and superlatives 3 Forming comparatives and superlatives 34

4    How old am I? 34

5    Opposite adjectives 35

6    as or than? 35

7    as ... as/not as ... as 35

8    Making sentences about you 35

Vocabulary

9    Adjective formation 36

Writing — Relative clauses

10 who/that/which/where 37

Il Describing a place 37

UNIT 7

Present Perfect I Using the Present Perfect 38 2 Making positive and negative

sentences 38

3   Making questions 39

4   Short answers 39

5   Past participles 39

6   for or since? 40

Tense revision

UNIT 8

have (got) to

I have got to 43

2    have to 43

3    Making questions 43

4    Short answers 44

5    Making positive and negative sentences 44

should

6 Giving advice 45 7 Asking for advice 45

have to or should?

8 Using the correct form 46

must

Conditional clauses

2    First Conditional 48

3    Making questions 49

4    Making negatives 49

5    if-or when? 49

Time clauses

6   Present tense or future 50

7   Joining sentences 50

8   Choosing the correct conjunction

50

9   Tenses and time expressions 51

Vocabulary

10 Preposition + word 51

Writing Il Discussing ideas 52

UNIT 10

Verb patterns

I Infinitive or -ing? 53

Infinitives

7 Infinitives after adjectives 55

9 How to do it/something to eat 56

Vocabulary

10 -ed or -ing adjectives? 56

I I Rhymes 56

Writing 12 Formal and informal letters I 57

UNIT 11

The passive I Forming the passive 58

2               Making questions 59

3               Making negatives 59

4               Short answers 59 5 Newspaper stories 60

Active and passive

6    Notices 61

7    Activc or passive? 61

Vocabulary

8 Words with more than one meaning 62

Writing

9 Writing a review of a book or a film 63

2                Making questions 64

3                Laura's dreams 65

4                Short answers 66 5 If... 66

might

6    might = will + perhaps 66

7    Choosing the correct form 66

8    Worries 67

9    Trying to decide 67

Vocabulary

10 Phrasal verbs 67

Il Adverbs 68

12 Writing a story 2 68

UNIT 13

Present Perfect Simple

1                What's new? 70

2                yet and already 71

3                Questions and short answers 71 4 been or gone? 71

Present Perfect Continuous 5 What has Ann been doing? 72

6   Making questions 72

Tense review

7   Choosing the correct tense 73

8   Forming the correct tense 73

9   A conversation between old friends 73

Vocabulary

10   Words that sound the same 74

11   Expressions in letter writing 74

12   Formal and informal letters 2 75

UNIT 14

Past Perfect

1               Matching 76

2               What happened first? 76

3               Past Simple or Past Perfect? 77 4 Joining sentences 77

Reported statements

5   What did she say? 77

6   Reported to direct speech 78

Vocabulary

7    say and tell 78

8    Words that are often confused 79

Writing

9    Writing a story 3 80

Second Conditional

I Jimmy's dreams 64

Tenses • Questions

Jobs • Writing an informal letter

Tenses

 Enrique (1)          in Puebla, a town in 1 Recognizing tenses            Mexico.   a student. He

                        Complete the texts using                               medicine because he (3)to bea

    the verbs in the box.                                                           

doctor.

                                                                                      married. but he (4)                 any children.

His wife. Silvia. (5)          in a primary school. Enrique (6)           cooking. He (7) an excellent enchilada!

                                                                                 Hi! My          Rumi and I (l)      

Osaka in Japan. I (2) with my parents. My father (3) a business, but my mother (4) . Next year (S) economics at university.

going out with my friends. In the picture I (7)a bar with Noriko and Toshi. We (8)- to music,

 Bruce is Australian. He in England but he (2)             to Australia when he was six. He (3)     back to England once. but it because it was so cold after

Australia!

He and his brother (5) With their parents in Melbourne. They 6) _ a big house not far from the beach.

                                                                                      In the picture        on the beach with his friends. They (1)                 volleyball.

                                                                                     Tonight hek going out with his girlfriend They (8)                  to the cinema.

2 Choosing the correct form

Choose the correct form of the verb.

I I'm speaking / I speak / I'm speak three languages: French, Spanish, and English.  A Where docs Hans come / Hans come / is Hans coming from?

B He's Swiss. He comes from Zurich.

A What you do / do you do / are you doing tonight?

I'm going Out.

Where's George?

B He has / •s having / have a shower.  What means this word / does mean this word/ does this word mean?

B I don't know. look it up.

 A DO you want a cigarette?

B NO, thanks. I don't smoke/ no smoke / smoke not.

7 Last year I went /so / was go to America on holiday.

 HOW long you Stay / did you stay / stayed you in America?

9       The weekend was boring. I no do / didn't/ didn't do anything.

10   A I'm going to university next year.

B What arc you going to / you going to / do you study?

3 Correcting mistakes

Correct the mistakes in these sentences.

 At the weekend I'm usually go swimming.  Are you enjoy the party?

3    We can't play tennis because it rains.

4    Do you can play chess?

5    HOW many sisters you have?

 I no understand What you're saying.

 What you do tonight?

 What time you get home last night?

9       Last Weekend I see some friends and we have a meal.

10  

Question forms

4 Making questions with auxiliaries

Write Yes/No questions for these sentences.

I She's French. Is sheFrench,7 2 It's raining.

3          They're at

4          They're learning English.  You're tired.

6 She was at home last night. 7 1'm right.

 He was born in 1960.

9 You can speak Danish.

 Making questions with do/does/did

Write Yes/No questions for these sentences.

I You like music.

00 youlike_music?_

 She comes from France.

3    They live in a flat.

4    You take Sugar in tea.

5    1 speak English well.

6    She Watched a film last night.

7    It started at 8.00.

 You want to go home.

1    Getting to know you

6     Question words

Match the questions and answers.

7     Word order

Put the words in the correct order to make questions. Then answer the questions about you.

2     is/wh0/teacher/your/English/?

3     parents/moment/where/your/the/at/are/?

4     cinema}you/go/last/when/did/the/to/?

5     learning/you/why/English/are/?

6     you/how/to/come/school/do/?

7     brothers and sisters/you}many/have/how/do?

8    

1

9     What + noun, How * adjective or adverb

Match a question word in A with a word in B and a line in C. Then answer the questions about you.

4

10

10             Replying with a question

 Write the questions.

 We had a wonderful holiday. Wheredidyougo?

 I'm reading a good book at the moment.

           I bought a new car last week.

4 Nick and I had a great night out On Saturday.

 Ann's going to China next Week.

6 David earns more than £200,000 a year!

 They have so many children!

1 Getting to know you

Vocabulary

11 Jobs

Add a suffix from the box to the words to make jobs. Change the spelling When necessary. When does the pronunciation change?

Writing

12 Writing an informal letter

I Look at the organization of this informal letter.

we begin all letters with     , your address.and the date, but not your name.

                                                                                                                                                                            38    fton Gardens

London NW6 4GT

27 September

very pleased that We're going to be penfriends. tell you a little about myself, and you can when you write to me.

area or London called Maida Vale.

the centre, but there are parks take my dog, Mickey, for walk.

parents and my younger brother, Paul. for the post Office and my mother 50b as a nurse.

local comprehensive school, where have

I like most gubáects, but not evenings I sometimes Visit friends and listen to music, and at the going Swimming or horse-riding.

I'm working very hard because I have exams soon, so I'm spending a lot Of time in the

forward to hearing from you!

Francis ðoncs

2 Write a similar letter to a penfriend in England.

Your penfricnd can be male or female. Write about these things:

  you

  where you live  what you do

. your hobbies

. your family                                               1               9

Present Simple

1 Making negatives

Correct the sentences.

 The sun rises in the west.

The sun doesn't rise in the westwltxisesiwtheeast.

2 The Pope lives in Alaska.

 Manchester United footballers wear yellow shirts.

4 Kangaroos come from Canada.

The sun shines at night.

2 Making questions

Write the questions.

I get up at

What time do you get up?

2 At the weekend I usually go to

The bank opens at

My mother comes from

                                                                            My children go to                         school.

My brother works in

My sister drives a

                                                                           What sort                                                                       

4 Third person singular                                           5 Adverbs of frequency

   Write the third person singular of these verbs.               Put the words in the correct order.

      I help            helps                                                                       I

        2 watch          watches

want2 meat/never/eat/l/because/don't/l/it/like

4 go carry

6       catch

7       think4 holiday/how/do/have/often}a/you/?

8       crash

9       wash5 sometimes/restaurantJwe/Japanese/go/a/to

10  

Il do6 for/late/never/am/school/l

12    fly

13    study

14    kiss

15    eat

16    have

17    cry

Il

Present Simple or Continuous?

6 Spelling of the present participle Write the -mg form Of these verbs.

ram wear

6           think

7           shine

8           smoke

9           have

10       take

11       watt

12       get 13 Stop run

15 begin

            Choosing the correct form

Choose the form Of the verb.

            I go / am going to work now. Goodbye!  I read / reading a book about ast rology.

3 I read am readinglots of books every year.

 We go / are going to a party on Saturday.

5    Nurses 100k / arc looking after people in hospital.

6    Annie comes / is coming from Ireland.

7    She Comes / is coming for dinner this evening.

8    I speak / am speaking four Ianguagcs.

9    DO you want / Are you wanting to go out tonight?

8 What does she do? or What is she doing?

Look at the picture and answer the questions.

 What does Wendy do? She's a nurse.

2 Is she working in the hospital now? NO, she  What's she doing? She'S  What does Frank do?

Is he working in a restaurant now?

 What's he doing?

 What does Tony do?

 Is he driving a taxi now?

 What's he doing?

   10 What does Lisa do?         

I l Is she working in the kitchen now? 12 What's she doing?

2

have/have got

9 Making statements and negatives

Look at the picture of Joely's bedroom. Complete the sentences in two Ways, once With has/doesn't have and once with 's got/hasn't got.

      I She has            player._                               4 She                        a television.

         She          a CD player.                                    She                         a television.

2     She a tennis racket.  She a computer. Shea tennis racket. She a Computer.

3     Shea lot of CDs. 6 She a Walkman. She a lot of CDs. She a Walkman.

10 Short answers

Answer the questions about Joely and about you. Use short answers.

 Does Joely have an untidy bedroom Yes, -she does.

 Has she got posters on her walls?

            Yes,         has.

 Has she got a lot Of clothes?

4 Does she have a camera?

 Has she got a computer?

 Does she have a lamp in her room?

 Have you got a bike?

 DO you have a lot Of money?

9       Have you got a CD player?

10   Do you have a good English accent?

Vocabulary

11 Things in the house

       2                                                        8

10

11

      6                                                     12

Writing

12 Linking words — but, however

I Complete the sentences with and, so, or but.

      She can speak French,               she can't write it.

 He's going to work in Spain,              he's learning Spanish.

   I went into town. I bought some food        to the library.

4 I haven't got a car,I've got a motorbike.

3 She's working late next Friday,        she can't come to the party.

2    Join the pairs of sentences in two different ways using but and however.

 We enjoyed the holiday. It rained a lot.

2     He's moving to London next month. He doesn't like big cities.

3     She isn't English. She speaks English perfectly.

3    Join the pairs of sentences in two different ways using so and because.

I She went home. She was tired.

13 Describing a person

Complete the text with a linking word from the box.

Write a similar short paragraph about yourself and someone in your family.

Past Simple

1 Choosing the right verb

Complete the text with a verb from the box in the past Simple.

Gary Smith yesterday seleþxated_ his twentieth birthday, but he's lucky 'to be alive. In March this year, he Was climbing Ben Nevis, Britain's highest mountain, When he (l) his way and (2) sixteen hours in sub-zero temperatures. 'My friends (3) me for having so much survival equipment, but it (4) my life.'

3

LOST, ALONE,

AND INJURED

MOUNTAIN

On the first night. the weather was so bad that it tore his new mountain tent to pieces, so he Trioved into a Youth Hostel. He (5) the hostel at 10.00 the next morning, but that afternoon he was in trouble.

Off a rock and

(7)                              my left leg. I

(8)

Mountain rescue teams went out to

100k for Gary, and (9)

him at 9.00 the next morning. A helicopter (10) him to hospital, where he (l l) several operations.'Next time I'll go with my friends, not on my own!' he joked.

Past Simple • Past Continuous have + noun • Writing a story l

2 Making negatives                                                                         4 Short answers

 Correct the sentences.  Answer the questions about Gary in exercise wrote stories.        I and about you. Use short answers.

I Shakespeare

Shakespeare didn't writestories. I Did Gary get lost?            Yes, he did.

2               Christopher Columbus discovered India.             2 Did he have a lot of equipment?

3 Did he go with friends?

3               Beethoven came from France.

4               Did he hurt his hand?

5               Did you do your homesork last night? 4 Leonardo da Vinci lived in Mexico.

                                                                     6 Did you do any sport yesterday?

6    The Americans landed on the moon in the 19th century.

7 Did it rain yesterday?

7    The Buddha came from Australia. Past Simple forms

Write the Past Simple of these verbs.

travel

4 We stayed there for

HOW longwash

send walk smile

          Did                                                                              good food?                               clap

all

6 Past time expressions

Complete the sentences with a word from the box. Careful! Sometimes no word is necessary.

I arrived home at six o'clock last night.  saw Jane — yesterday.

            I was born in Africa                   1970.

 My parents moved back to England I was five.

         We lived in Bristol                      three years.

             I left college three years

      I found a flat on my own                   last

     6 I usually go home              the weekend.

 I didn't go home     weekend because some friends came to Stay.

 They arrived three o'clock the afternoon.

9       Saturday evening we went Out to a Concert.

10  we got home we listened to some mustc.

Past Continuous

7     Forming the Past Continuous

T 3.3 Yesterday you went to a party. This is What you saw when you arrived. Make sentences in the past Continuous.

When arrived at the parry...

I Jenny/talk/to Mick

Jenny was talking to Mick.

2     Annie and Pete/dance

3     Sarah and Bill/sit/on the sofa

4     Katie/choose/a CD

5     Maxldrink/champagne

6     Beth and Dave/eat/crisps

7     Justin/show/Lucinda a photograph

8     Harry/smoke/a cigar

9     James/tell}a joke

8     Newspaper stories

Look at the three newspaper stories. Match the phrases With the correct story. Where exactly do they go?

I was working in the garden at the time,' she explained.

. because they were wearing masks

'l know I was driving fast,' he explained to the court. . when he was travellingat 120 miles an hour

. Who was coming home from school at the time

The bottom Of the tree was slowly moving.

TREE DESTROYS

HOUSE

Motorist Driving at 120 mph

Motorist Jeremy page had to pay a fine Of £330 at Durham Magistrates' Court yesterday for speeding. Police stopped him on the motorway. The speed limit on Jeremy page  motorways is 70 miles an hour. 'This was because I was latc for work.' The judge said that this was no excuse.

Yesterday afternoon a 35- Past Simple or year-old housewifeContinuous?

escaped death when a tree blew over and fell onto her 9 Choosing the correct form house, completely destroying Choose the correct form of the verbs.

it. 'It was quite windy. I  I met / was meeting a friend While heard a strange noise coming I did / was doing the shopping. from our tree. Suddenly the  I paid / was paying for my things wind blew a little stronger, When I heard / was hearing and I watched it crash onto someone call my name.

the roof.' The Bowles family  I turned / was turning round and are staying With friends While saw / was seeing Paula.

their house is rebuilt.  She wore / was wearing a bright red coat.

 We decided / were deciding to have c                a cup of coffee.

6 While we hat/ / were having a POST OFFICE ROBBERY drink, a waiter dropped / was

dropping a pile Of plates.

Yesterday afternoon thieves We all got / were getting a terrible stole £500 from a post office        shock.

in Preston, While the waiter picked / was

Police do not have a good picking up the broken plates, he of the two men,          cut / was cutting his finger. description but they know that they escaped in a red Ford Cortina. This information came from an I boy, Charlie Carrack.

The post Office in Preston

Vocabulary

10 have + noun activity

1     3.4 Complete the sentences With a form Of have and a noun from the box.

I •Would you like to have a drink ?'

•yes, please. I'm very thirsty.'

2     'Did you watch TV last night?'

and went straight to bed.'

3     'Did you   a good  Of tennis?'

'Yes. I won 6—0, 6—2.'

4     'Bye, Mum. I'm going to the party now!'

'Goodbye, darling. a nice 5 'Did you this morning?'

'NO. I got up too late. I just had a cup Of coffee.'

6       'I'm going to         and wash my

hair. I feel dirty.

7       1 have a swimming pool in the garden, so if you want to , just cXMne round.

8       'Did youa good    at the office, dear?'

'No, I didn't. The boss was very angry with me.'

9       peter and I always argue. We don't agree about anything.

Yesterday we            about politics.

10   1've got my holiday photographs. DO you want to

Writing

11 Linking words — while, during, and for

I While is a conjunctiom and is followed by a clause (subject verb). If you Say 'X happened While Y happened, it means X and Y happened at the same time.

I met Peter While I was studying at versity.

2 During is a preposition, and it is followed by a noun. It has a similar meaning to while.

worked on a farm during the holidays. The noun after during expresses an activity that takes time.

during the film/lesson/afternoon/ football match

Mlle and during answer the question When?

For is a preposition, and answers the question How long? It is followed by a time expression.

I lived there for three years/six months. We're ha Ying a hollday for two weeks/a couple ofdays.

Complete the sentences With while, during,

I fell and hurt myself          I was playing tennis.

        It started to rain                        the match.

           We played tennis                           two hours.

    2 1 worked in Italy             three years.

the summer I stayed on a farm in Tuscany.

        I learned Italian                        I was there.

 We went on holiday in Florida

three weeks.

the day it was very hot, but it was cool at night. We went to Disneyland there.

4 We had a lovely meal yesterday. We sat at the

                                                                                                          table                         three hours.

the meal we exchanged news.

11 John! Could 1          With you for      I was talking to Barbara. I learned a minute? There's something I want to talk to you about.        that Tony was in hospital.

3

2 Read the story and 100k at the pictures. Complete the text with while, during, or for.

Caribbean Sea (1) two was sinking. and watched it disappear under the sea.

                                                   their holiday,             Fortunately. they had enough food

12 Writing a story 1

Write a Story Of about 130 words. The Storv is about a time in your life when everything went wrong. You can choose one Of these subjects if you like.

             the day you woke up late for an exam  a terrible day at work

             an argument with your best friend

             your worst birthday ever

             an awful wedding

(6)                                         their terrible

experience.

the next SO days they caught about ten fish a day

and ate them raw. They saw about twenty ships. but although they waved and shouted (8) they were passing, nobody saw them. They were becoming weaker and weaker. Then. just as they were beginning to lose hope, a fishing boat rescued them. Their disastrous holiday was over.

all

1       a or some?

Put a/an before the Count nouns, and some before the uncount nouns.

I a chair

2       some sugar stamp            book petrol

    6          

7

     8           money

               pound

10             mustc

12                      work

13                      apple

               fruit

15                      tomato

16                      tomato soup

17                      problem

18                      information

• Let's go shopping!

Count and uncount nouns • Expressions of quantity

Articles • Plural nouns • Clothes

Writing — forms

Count and uncount nouns

2 chocolate or a chocolate?

Sometimes a noun can be both countable and uncountable. Look at the pictures and complete the sentences with a + noun or just the noun.

of

Complete the sentences with Some Or any. I I haven't got paper.

2     1'll buypaper when I go to the shops.

3     Is there   petrol in the ear?

4     Yes. I put  in yesterday.

5     bought fruit, but they didn't have  vegetables.

6     Do you have            change? I need 501'.

7     I saw      change on the table a minute

 1 need      help with my homework. Are you free?

9 1 don't havefree time today. Sorry. 10 Did you haveproblems With this exercise?

4 How much? or How many?

 Write questions With HOW much? or How many?

I We've got some eggs.

How many eggs have we got?

2 We need some flour.

do we need?

4 Leu go shopping!

6 a few or a little?

Match a line in A with a line in B and a line in C.

Articles

7 a/an or the?                                                                      8 NO articles

 Complete the sentences with "Ian or the.     We do not use a/an or the when We talk about things in I I bought

Match a noun in A With a verb in B and a line in C to

               the shops. Unfortunately            shoes are                    make general statements.

                     wrong size.    take them back tomorrow.

2     A          are       children?

B They•re in

3     My sister's        teacher in         school near

Leicester. She has three children, two girls and boy. girls are in her class at school, but boy isn't old enough for school yet.

4     'ane and Bill are very nice couple. She has clothes shop. and he works in office

                and turn off                lights?

8     1 went to           restaurant last night.

9     What's name of restaurant we went to last night?

4 • Left go shopping!

6 a few or a little?

Match a line in A With a line in B and a line in C.

Articles

7 a/an Or the?                                                                      8 NO articles

       Complete the sentences with a/an or the.                 We do not use a/an or the When we talk about things in

     I bought a hat and a pair Of shoes at    general.Match a noun in A With a verb in B and a line in C to the shops. Unfortunately shoes are         make general statements

wrong site. I'll take them back tomorrow.

2     A          are       children?

           B They're in           garden.

3     My sister's              teacher in              near

Leicester. She has three children, two girls and boy. girls are in her class at school. but boy isn't old enough for school yet.

4     Jane and Bill are nice couple. She has clothes shop, and he works in office

           and turn off           lights?

                 restaurant last night.

9 What's name Of restaurant we went to last night?

                 4      Left go shopping!

9       a, the, or nothing?

Complete the Sentences With a, the, or nothing.

 I come to school by bus. 2 This morning bus was late.  My favourite subject is history, but I'm not very good at maths.

     4 Ankara is          capital Of Turkey.

 I work for company that makes carpets.

      My friend lives in           same street as

        I was at                    home all day yesterday.

8 We hadlovely holiday in Spain.

We're going back therenext year. Heathrow is busiest airport in Europe.

10   Leave early if you want to miss

Vocabulary

10 Spelling of plural nouns

 Write the plural form of these nouns.

 city

2 These nouns are irregular. Write the plural form.

11 Clothes

Unit 4 • Lees go shopping!

Writing

12 Filling in forms

I Match the expressions and questions.

First name

Surname

Date Of birth

Place of

Permanent 6 Marital

7 Occupation

Qualifications

Hobbi

10 Tel no.

2    DO these things. Write about you.

      I Write your name in capital letters.             3 Delete where not applicable.

      2 Write your signature.                               4 Write your postcode.

3    Complete the form.

   The Oak Tree School of English             Enrolment form

PLEASEWRITE IN CAPITAL LETTERS

Address in your country

Occupation

Date of arrival

Date of departure

Reason for learning English: Business/pleasure/exams/other •of other, please specify.)

How many hours a day do you want to study?

HOW long are you going to Stay at the school?

What date do you want to start?

Signature

•Delete where not applicable.

               4     Let's go shopping!

Verb patterns • Future forms

5

2 Infinitive or-ing?

Complete the sentences With the correct form Of the verb, the infinitive or -ing Sometimes both are possible.

 I enjoy walking (walk) in the rain.

2 Would you like to (have) something to eat?

 I want (see) a film on TV this evening.

4 1 hope (earn) some money soon.  When did you finish (paint) the kitchen?

6    I began (learn) English when I was Seven.

7    Some people like (have) breakfast in bed, but I don't.

 Don't forget             (post) my letter!

 We've decided        (get) married in the spring.

10 When she Saw how I was dressed, she started       (laugh).

What do you Want  (do) tonight?

12    I'd like      (go) to the theatre.

13    I love        (listen) to live music.

14    She continued ( talk) during the whole meal.

3     Asking questions

 Write B's questions and complete A's answers.

             because it was boring.

4     A I'm going to bed early because I have a plane to catch tomorrow.

B What time/want/leave the housel?

as early as possible.

5     A That book you lent me was great!

I don't want to go out tonight. B What}would like/do/?

         A                                       stay at home and have an early night.

5      Choosing the correct form

Tick (F') the correct form of the verb.

Would you like a drink? Do you like a drink?

B Yes. please. I'll have an orange juice.

Do you like your teacher?

Would you like your teacher?

B Yes, she's very nice.

DO you like going for walks?

Would you like to go for a walk?

B Yes, I Often go walking in Scotland.

Do you like swimming?

Would you like to go for a swim?

B What a good idea! It's so hot today!

What do you like doing at the weekend?

What would you like to do this weekend?

B I like putting my feet up and relaxing. Sometimes I play tennis.

                What do you like to do in the evening?

What would you like to do this evening? B Why don't we pop round and see Pat and Peter?

6      would like or like?

 Complete the sentences with would like (to do) or like (doing) and the Correct form of the verb.

What sort Of books

(read)?

biographies and thrillers.

you        (be) a teacher when you grow up?

B No. They don't earn very much and they work very hard.

It's Sophie's birthday soon.

B Is it? What shé (have) for a present?

A Well, I know she        (cook). Why don't you buy her a new cook book?

4     My daughter has a lot of pens and pencils. She (draw).

5     My son is a         fast runner. He Says that one day he     (run) in the Olympic Games.

will and going to

7 Offers and decisions

o

5

o

9 Choosing the correct form

Choose the correct form Of the verb.

Why are you working so hard these days?

B Because I'll / I'm going to buya car, So I'm saving as much as I can. What Will you buy / are you going to buy Jill for her birthday?

A                     She hasn't got a CD player.

 Oh. I'll buy/ I'm going to buy her a book, then.

Dad, can you mend this for me?

B                      I can't, Sorry. Ask Mum. She'll do / She's going to do it for you. Why have you got so many eggs?

B Because I'll make / I'm going to make an omelette.

       What Will          '10 / arc you going 'a do today?

B It's John's birthday, so I'll make / I'm going make him a cake. I have an appointment with the bank manager this morning.

B Why will you scc / are you going to we him?

A     Because my husband and I will Start / are going to start our own business, and we need some money.

I haven't got enough money to get home.

B     I'll lend / I'm going ro lend you some, if you like. How much do you want? A Two pounds is enough. I'll give / I'm going to give it back tomorrow.

Vocabulary

10 Words that go together

I Match a verb in A with a line in B.

2 Complete the Sentences with a preposition from the box.

          I'm waiting         the postman to arrive.

        2 1-00k        that picture! Isn't it beautiful!

         I'm looking _      Mary. Is she here?

       4 MY' brother works        IBM.

        If you have a problem, ask         help.

           6 Are you interested              history?

        Did you know that Helen is getting married        James?

         Can I speak         you for a minute?

         I agree        you about most things, but not politics.

      10 My children are afraid        dogs.

          I l Are you good             tennis?

      12 This guide book is full        useful information.

S

the only adjective used by Bill and Sue?

Complete the Sentences below with a better adjective from the box. Use each adjective once only.

Careful! Sometimes more than one word is possible, but not always!

We're having a here in Scotland. But the weather is We're staying in a hotel near a We have mountains.

The castle was really  We're hoping to go for a walk by the lake.

 Did you have a          time in Italy?

Where Were you on your last holiday? Imagine you are still there. Write a postcard to a British friend, but use the adjective nice once only!

Write about these things.

•      the weather     something you did yesterday

•      the accommodation  something you are going to do today

What like?

Comparatives and superlatives

Adjectives • Writing — describing a place

What ... like?

1 What is/are like?

I Your friend is living in Australia for a year. Ask questions about the country.

I the weather

2     the countryside

3     the people

4     the towns

5     Sydney

6     the beaches

7     the TV programmes

 Match a question in exercise 1 With an answer.

4 There aren't many. They're mainly on the coast. It's hot nearly all year round.

It's a lovely place. The Opera House is fantastic. There are millions Of sheep and a lot of desert.

They have beautiful white sand, and are miles long. They're really nice and friendly.

They're OK. Pretty similar to home, really.

What was/were like?

T 6.2 Complete the questions about Robert's terrible holiday.

 What                the hotel           like?

B Awful. My room was tiny, and the service was bad.

 What                

B It was terrible. I waited over six hours for the plane.

 A What              like? B Awful! It rained every day!

 What                        like?

B They were crowded and dirty. There was no sand On them, just stones!

 A What                              like?

B Disgusting! Chips With everything and they didn't cook it Very well.

                                                                                        6 •                  What's

Comparatives and superlatives

3 Forming comparatives and superlatives

Look at this extract from the Oxford Wordpower Dictionary. It shows When an adjective With a consonant doubles in the comparative and superlative forms.

Look at your dictionary. Does it give the same information? Write the comparative and superlative forms Of these adjectives.

big /btg/ adj. (bigger. biggest) I large: Manchester is a big city.

2 important: I have some big news!

4 How old am l?

Read the text and answer the questions.

6 Tell me! What's it like?

5     Opposite adjectives

Complete the sentences with an opposite adjective in its comparative or superlative form.

I Robert is the oldest in the family.

No, he isn't. He's theyOungest

2     Bob is more polite than his brother.

No, he isn't. He's

3     1'm the tallest in this class!

No, you aren't. You're

4     My homework was worse than yours.

NO, it wasn't. It was

5     The weather today is colder than yesterday.

NO, it isn't. It's

6     She bought the cheapest watch in the shop.

NO, she didn't. She bought

7     Jack's meaner than Alan.

NO, he isn't.

8     Janet arrived later than John.

NO, she didn't. She arrived

6     as Or than?

Complete the sentences With as or than.

 Are you as tall

 She's not as clever

3 Was Joan's party better Maria's?

 I'm studying the same subject Emma.

 Liz works much harder'

6 I haven't got as many you.

7     as as/not as as

Rewrite the sentences With as . . . as or not as as. I Bob's taller than Jack.

lack'snor os tall asBob,

2     Bob got more presents than Jack.

         Jack didn'tget                presents as Bob.

 Jill's more intelligent than Bill.

Bill's not

4 The sun's hotter than the moon.

The moon isn't

6 You Can read more quickly than I can.

I can't

 Harry won more money than Bill.

Bill didn't win

8     'Is Switzerland bigger than Luxembourg?' 'Yes, it is.'

'Is Luxembourg

'No, it isn't.'

 Eva's work is better than mine.

My work isn't

10 Dogs are friendlier than cats.

Cats aren't

8 Making sentences about you

Write nine sentences about you and your family. (Three comparatives, three superlatives, and three With as as.) I'm more hard-workingthon_my sister.

My grandfather

I'mgwtosTatient as my mother,

6 •                  What's

Vocabulary

9 Adjective formation

I Use the suffixes in the box to Write the adjectives formed from these nouns. They have all appeared in Unit 6 of the Student's Book.

2 Complete the sentences With an adjective from I.

 My dad's really      . He's always buying presents for everyone.

 Before you can get a credit card, you have to provide a lot Of details.

 I try to lead a  lifestyle — lots of exercise, fruit, and no junk food.

 The disco was so that you couldn't hear yourself speak.

 After the earthquake, the country needed a lot of equipment to look after the sick and wounded.

6 She had a car crash. but she was escape with no injuries at all.

 Venice is a very    city. A lot of people go their on honeymoon.

8       Here is the         news. Share prices on the DOW Jones Index have fallen dramatically.

9       After a heart attack, he needed major surgery, but fortunately the operation was

10  I didn't like that city at all. The streets were so and the air was so

               6     Tell me! What's it like?

Writing — Relative clauses

10  who/that/which/where

Join the sentences With the correct relative pronoun.

I There's the boy. He broke the window.

2     That's the palace. The King lives in it.

3     There are the policemen. They caught the thief.

4     He gave her a Watch. It stopped after two days.

3 The Red Lion is the pub. We met in it for a drink.

6    Here are the letters. They arrived this mornIng.

7    That's the house. I was born in it.

11  Describing a place

I Read the description of a town. Complete it With Who, Which, or Where.

WAS BORN IN NEWCASTLE, a city in the north-east of England. Newcastle is on the bank of the River Tyne. It is quite big, with a population of about 200,000 people. There is a cathedral and a university. There are five bridges over the River Tyne, (1)link Newcastle to the next town Gateshead, (2) there is one of the biggest shopping centres in the world, the Metro Centre.

A few years ago, the main industries were shipbuilding and coal-mining, but now the chemical and soap industries are more important.

I moved from Newcastle ten years ago but I often return. I mtss the people, (3)  are so warm and friendly, and I miss the wild, beautiful countryside near the city, there are so many hills and streams.

People (5) are born near the River Tyne have a special name. They are called 'Geordies'. I am very pleased to be a 'Geordie'!

2 Write a similar description Of your home town in about 200 words.

First write some facts about it.

•     Where is it?

•     Is it big or small?

•     What buildings and industries does it have?

Next write some personal opinions.

•     DO you like it?

•     Why?

                                                               6 •             Whaú

Present Perfect

Men and women

Writing a biography

Present Perfect

 Using the Present Perfect

 Complete the text with a verb from the box in the Present Perfect.

occasions. In 1959 he was a soldier in New Zealand when she came to visit, and in 1972 he went to a garden party at Buckingham palace.

                 married twice. His first wife died

when she was 32, He met his second wife while he was travelling round France by bike. He and his wife.  2 Making positive and negative sentences Eleanor. (g)married for 50 years. and Make sentences about these people.

       they (10)                                     in the same cottage in the                             Alice is a journalist.

          country since they got married. He says that he                        meet/a lot Of famous people

She has met a lot offamous people.

not belon television

 Shehasn'tbeetnngelevisiom 2 Robert Swan is an explorer.

be /North Pole

see/polar bears

never/get lost

7

3    Bill and Sophie are unemployed.

not have/a job for Six months

not have/a holiday since Christmas

not belthe cinema for a year

4    Sandra is a tennis player.

play/since she was six

not Win/a senior competition

never play/at Wimbledon

3 Making questions

I Ask these people questions about their experiences.

I a racing driver — have an accident?

Have

2     an explorer — get lost?

3     an actress — forget your words?

4     a mountaineer — climb Mount Everest?

5     a window cleaner — fall Off your ladder?

6     apop singer — have a number one song?

7     an electrician — have an electric shock?

Now match these answers to the questions in l.

Yes, I have, once! I was so embarrassed!

No, I haven't yet, but I reached number 10 with my last one.

NO, I haven't. I've always had a good team to help me.

Yes, I have, lots Of times! But not a serious crash.

Yes, I have, unfortunately. I broke my leg.

NO, I haven't, fortunately. I'm very careful about safety.

NO, I haven't yet, but I would like to.

4

5

Short answers

Answer the questions about • My grandfather' in exercise I and about you. Use short answers.

 Has your grandfather been married for a long time?

Yes, he

 Has he ever met the Queen?

 Has he often been ill?

 Have he and his Wife lived in their house for a long time?

 Has he had an interesting life?

6 Have you ever been to Mexico?

 Have you ever tried Chinese food?

 Has your teacher ever been angry With you?

 Have you ever forgotten to do your homework?

Past participles

Write the past participle Of these verbs.

 walk come

3 write

Win 5 sell

6 try  read 8 play

9        find

10    visit

Il stop

12    study

13    die

14    do

7 • Famous couples

6 for or since?

Complete the sentences With for or since.

I I haven't seen Keith    a while. 2              been in China       January.

3     He works for a company called KMP. He has worked for them several years.

4     He and his Wife have lived next to me their son, 10m, was born.

university together.

 His wife, Carrie, is a designer. She has had her own studio        six months. S I'm looking after Tom today. He's been at my house

8.00 this morning.

10 How longFor ten years.

When                                                                                                                   7 In 1995.

12 WhereIn a house in Cadogan Square in central London.

7

actress waiter king put the words in the Correct column.

was a famous film star.

2 Complete the sentences With a word from l.

4 I serve you drinks on a plane flight. I'm a     I don't like food             JS very SPICY.  I teach at university. I'm a         That's the dictionaryBill gave

11 Writing a biography

I Complete the biography of Cher With Who, which, or where.

Cher was born in the US on 20 May 1946 in El Centro, (1) is on the California/ Mexico border. Her full name is Cherilyn Sarkisian and she is part-Cherokee and part-Armenian,

year Cher married Greg Almann, (7) another famous rock star. They had a son called

Elijah Blue. But two years later Cher was divorced for the second           

singers. He discovered that Cher could sing, and they became the singing duo Sonny and CherTheir first hit song was

public. She went on to win Best Actress at the Cannes Film Festival in 1985 for her role in Mask, and finally she won an Oscar for 'Moonstruck in 1987. However, min the 1990s she returned to pop music in a big way. She has had three number one hits from her album •Believe'. (9) a whole new audience. In her long career, Cher has been extremely successful both as a serious actress and

as a pop star, (10)  is an extraordinary achievement.

2 Divide the text into five paragraphs    3 Write a similar biography of somebody who you think is interesting. according to these headings:

•             introduction

•             early career

•             private life  later career

•             life now

7 •

 Remember! When you drive in England you

                  really boring.                                                                  job/wear/

 books/have/m

4 States/visajget/to/to/go/you/do/have/a/the/tof?

6 plant/carefully/you/after/look/do/have/to/this/very/?

Dok

4     Short answers

Answer the questions about you. Use short answers. I DO you have to go to work every (week)day?

2     Did you have to work hard yesterday?

3     Does your teacher have to correct your homework?

4     Do you have to cook at home?

5     Does your mother have to travela lot in her job?

6     Did you have to take any exams last year?

7     DO you have to get up early?

8     DO you have to 100k up a lot Of words in your dictionary?

8 • Do's and don'ts

should

6 Giving advice

I Peter's got a very bad cold. he should to bed. don'tthink he should work.

4 Keith wants to drive home, but he hasn't got his glasses.

7 Ann's phone bill was enormous! £300!

7 Asking for advice

sixteen, but they say they want credit cards. to get married.

                            6 There's a hole in my shoe. I only bought them last week!

8 My children spend all their    Kate's crying because I pushed pocket money on sweets.        her. It was an accident.

Ask for advice in these situations. Use ( What) do you think should.

 George has asked me to marry him. DO you think [should say yes?

 Teresa has invited me to a party at her parents' house.  Hazel still hasn't given me back the money she owes me.

 I'm having a party, and I have to write a guest list. Who

 Lulu isn't speaking to me today because yesterday I said she was stupid.  Paulo doesn't know whether to go to university Or travel round the world. What  This stereo's fantastic, but it's so expensive!

have to or should?                          Vocabulary

8 Using the correct form                                          10 Job descriptions

Complete the sentences with a form of have to or     Match a job in A With a verb in B and a line in C. should. Make the verbs negative when necessary.

I Your hair's too long. I think you get it cut.

2     Your clothes smell, and you've got a cough. You smoke.

3     1'm going to        be up early tomorrow.

4     1'd like to meet your boyfriend. You invite him round.

5     1 tell my parents where I am, then they don't worry.

6     You        come with me if you don't want to. I'll go on my own.

7     If you need some help With your homework, you go to the library. 8 If you've got a ticket, you You can go straight in.

tell lies. It's wrong.

10 Geoff works too much. I think he take it easy.

must

9 must for strong obligation

Complete the sentences with must and a suitable ending.

 It's my mother's birthday tomorrow.

I must buy her card.  There's an excellent film on at the moment.

         You          

 My bedroom's a real mess. I

 Peter's in hospital. I

 Our train leaves in two minutes! We

6    You can borrow my tennis racquet, but you . It was very expensive.

7    There's a wonderful new restaurant opened in town. You

8    • DOS and don'ts

Writing

11 Writing a formal letter

I Match the greetings and endings. Which are formal? Which are informal?

2    Look at this outline of a formal letter. Is it the same as in your country?

3    Read the letter. Separate the different parts and write them in the boxes in the outline above.

Rua Luis de Deus 18, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal. 29th March 2000. The

Principal, The Oxford English College, 234 Hilton Rd, Eastbourne BN4 3UA. Dear Sir or Madam, I saw your advertisement for English classes in this month's English Today magazine and I am interested in coming to your school this summer. I have studied English for three years but I have never been to England and I feel that this is now necessary, especially to improve my pronunciation. Please could you send me more information about your courses, and an application form? I would also like some information about accommodation. 1 100k forward to hearing from you as soon as possible. Yours faithfully, Ana Maria Fernandes.

4    Write a similar letter about yourself to:

The Principal

The World English School

47 Harrogate Rd

York

YK3 8BT

England

Present Simple or will?

 Choosing the correct form

Choose the correct form Of the verb.

 A There's someone at the door.

B OK. I open / I'll open it.

 A What a beautiful picture! B I buy / I'll buy it for you.  A What newspaper do you buy?

B I buy / I'll buy The Times.

 Would you like to order, sir? B I have / I'll have the lamb.  What time do.you eat in the evening?

B have / We'll have supper at about 8.00.

 A The phone's ringing!

B OK. I answer / I'll answer it.

Conditional clauses

2 First Conditional people are worried about the greenhouse effect. Make sentences, using . will .

 the earth gets warmer

earthgetswarmer—thc seaoeillget warmer, the sea gets warmer

                      the sewgets_warmerxðte ice               North andS0uth poles_           

will

the ice at the North and South Poles melts

the sea level rises

there are floods in many parts of the world

many people lose their homes

3 Making questions

I What/do/miss/plane[?

2     What/do/plane/late/?

3     Where/stay/hotels/full/?

4     What/do/not like the food'?

6 What/do/get sunburnt}?

2 NOW match the questions above with the correct answers.

I'll just eat bread, cheese, and fruit.

I won't sunbathe for a few days.

I won't miss it. I'll get there early.

I'll find somewhere. A youth hostel, maybe.

I'll sleep in the airport.

I'll visit the old town and the mountains.

4     Making negatives

Make the sentences negative, but keep the meaning the same. You will need to change some words.

I We'll leave the party before 10.00.

We won't

 She'll be late.

She won'tavowrime.

3    He'll lose.

4    I'll fail my exams.

5    She'll tell the truth.

 We'll eat out.

 We'll walk to school.

8       1'll go to bed early tonight.

9       1'll accept the invitation.

10   Well go out at the weekend.

5     if or when?

Complete the sentences with ifor when.

you can't do your homework, ask for help.

2           1'll pay you back                 I next see you.

3           1'll come to bedthis programme ends.

4           anyone phones me, tell them I'm out.  Come on! we hurry, we'll catch the bus!

6     I play tennis with Justin, he always wins.

7     The shops are full Of things to buy Christmas comes.

8     •I've lost my bag."I find it, I'll let you

Unit 9 • Going places

Time clauses

6     Present tense or future?

Choose the correct form of the verb.

       Bye! I phone / I'll              you When Iset / get home.

 I'm going to bed when this TV programme ends / will end.  I'm sorry you're leaving. I am glad / I'll be glad when you are back / you Will be back.

 •Give me your phone number.' 'Sure. give / I'll give it to you before I'll go / I go.'

 The doctor will be ready in ten minutes. Take a seat While you Will wait / you're waiting.

6 I'm going out before the shops Will shut / the' shops shut.

 I wait / 171 wait by the phone until you ring / you'll ring.  You must phone me as soon as you'll set /you get your exam results.

    9 I hope to see you While I'll be /      in London.

7     Joining sentences

Join the pairs of sentences using the words in brackets.

I She'll pay me back. She'll get some money. (as soon as) She'll pay me back as soon OS she gets money._

2        1'll wait here. You'll get back. (until)

3        Give me a ring. You'll hear some news. (when)

4        The TV programme Will end. I'll do my homework. (after)

5        1'll go to work. I'll have a bath. (before)

6        She'll be in Paris. She'll visit friends. (while)

7       

8        1 won't leave the house. The postman Will call. (until)

9        Can you feed the cats? I'll be away. (while)

10     1'll tell you about the holiday. I'll get back. (when)

I I I'll Study English. I'll speak it perfectly. (until)

8 Choosing the correct conjunction

Choose the time expression which best completes the sentence. Sometimes two are possible.

/ As Soon as / Until I Win a lot Of money, I'll buy you a Ferrari.

 Please turn Out the lights after / before/ When you go to bed.

 I like to relax as soon as / while / before I'm on holiday.

 When / If/ While you are the first person up in the morning, make me a cup Of tea.  I'm going to keep asking you to marry me while / until / when you say yes.  We can go if/ as soon as / while you're ready.

7 While / If/ When I'm having my hair cut, you can do the shopping.  Stop at a petrol station after / When / before we run out Of petrol.  After / When / Until you've read the newspaper, can I have it?

10 I am so worried about James. As soon as/

While / After you hear any news, phone

I l If/ When / As soon as we discover life on another planet, Will it be intelligent?

9 Tenses and time expressions

T 9.3 Put the verb in brackets into the correct tense — Present Simple, going to future, Will future, or the Present Continuous. If there is no verb, use if, when, or as soon as.

walk to both the North and South Poles.

       Drake (6)                     (go) on the Icewalk Expedition with navigator

         Alan Winterson. (7)                                                           they (8)(arrive) in

Thule in northern Greenland walkers from the Soviet Union, the USA, Japan, Australia, Canada, and Italy (9) (join) them. (10) they (11) camp, Eureka, inside the Arctic Circle, they (12) to) build huts to protect them from temperatures as low as minus 55 degrees Celsius.

we (13) 0) a lot of experiments to see how much pollution there is in the area,' said Robin. The results (14)

(help) us to understand the effects of pollution on the planet. including the greenhouse effect' (15) the weather (16) (be) good enough, they (17) (make) a film Of the expedition. Robin said, '(18)

Vocabulary

10 Preposition word

Complete the sentences With a preposition from the box.

 What's on TV tonight?

     I Often go abroad

 DO you come to school

4 very busy the moment.  I can't understand the instructions.

         They're          Chinese.

 Romeo and Juliet is a play William Shakespeare.

       Is Mr James                 work this week?'

            'No. He's               holiday.'

8       1 hate being late. I like to arrive time.

9       Let's go     a walk.

10   I spoke to her     the phone last week.

I l I read an interesting article the paper this morning.

12     'Can I ask you something?' 'Not now. a moment.

13     'Here's a birthday present _ you.' 'Oh, thank you!'

14     'Why did you open my letter?' 'I'm sorry. I did it mistake.'

15     I arrived England last month. 16 We arrived the station five minutes late.

17 I live        the third floor. 18 I met my boyfriend   a party.

19 'Why does Jane 100k so happy?'

            'Because she's               love.'

Unit 9 • Going places

Writing

11 Discussing ideas

I Read these notes about travelling by train.

   Advantages                        Disadvantages

 expenswe

  — comfortable                 — sometimes crowded

    — not stressful                     — sometimes delayed

— not door to door You can: You must:

— relax (read and 100k — travel at certain times out Of the window) — use other transport — work  to get to the station

2    NOW read the text. What is the purpose Of each paragraph?

3    put the linking words in the correct place in each

     paragraph. The linking                               First of all,

words are in the right order. Alsa Sometimes you Will need to change the punctuation.             for example,

4    Make notes about the advantages and           However, disadvantages of one Of these topics. Then write a Firstly, text similar to the one

Secondly, above, giving your Own

Opinions. DO not use for example, more than 150 words.

•     Travelling by car      Despite the

•     Living in a fiat (rather        disadvantages,

        than a house)                                          because .

•     Single sex schools ( rather than mixed schools with both boys and girls)

Verb patterns • used to

Infinitives • Rhymes

Writing — formal and informal letters 1

Verb patterns

1      Infinitive or -ing?

put the verb in brackets in the correct form, infinitive (With Or without to), or •ing- Sometimes two forms are possible.

     I enjoy walking      (walk) in the rain.

Would you like tohav©_ (have) something to eat? It started to_raim/mgining (rain) while we were out.

 My family is trying  (decide) where to go on holiday.

2      1'd like  (go) somewhere different for a change.

3      1 enjoy     (visit) places I've never been to before.

4      But my children hate  (sightsee).

5      They prefer        (play) in a swimming pool

            all day.                                                                                            

6      They refuse (go) out on trips if it's too hot.

 Last year we managed (find) a holiday that suited everyone.

 We decided          (rent) a house with a swimming pool.

9    A woman from a travel agency helped us  (choose) a nice house.

10       When we arrived, the people next door invited us (have) a drink with them. We began  (talk) about next year's holiday two months ago.

12    Everyone hopes  (enjoy) themselves on holiday, but it isn't always easy.

13    My Wife and I are starting          (think) we should stay at home.

Choosing the correct form

Choose the correct form of the verb

 He agreed start / starting / to start the job as soon as possible.

2 I stopped read / to rend / reading my book and went to bed.

 My teachers always expected me doing / do / do well

In exams.

me to pay paying pay for the meal. You paid last time.

5     The dentist told me being / to be / be more careful when I brush my teeth.

6     I asked Monica buying / buy / to buy some stamps.

7     I never liked go / to go / going to church when I was a

 Have you finished writing / write / to wrrre that letter

9       You can't parking / to park /park your car outside the hospital.

10   David always enjoyed play / playing / to play football

at school.

10

3     Infinitive or -ing?

Complete the text With the infinitive or -ing form Of the verbs in the box.

cultural holidays. She likes (6) museums and galleries. She hates (7) because she always goes red, not brown. The travel agent tried (8) us and suggested Greece. I said I'd love (9) to a quiet island, but of course Natalie said she'd like (10) in Athens. It was easy (1 1)  what to do — we flew to Athens together, Natalie stayed there and I travelled to the island Of KOS!

4     Asking questions

 Ask a question With the verb in brackets and do. Use the correct tense.

used to

5     Matching

Match a line With A With a line in B. Complete the line in B with a subject and used to.

10 Scared to death

6     Things used to be different

Sentences With used to which show how things were different. I This town•s so ugly.

It used be so pretty,

2         There are so many tourists.

         There didn't      to be any tourists.

3         The houses are very expensive.

4         The streets are dirty.

5         There is so much litter on the streets.

6         The car parks are always full.

7         There is a lot of traffic on the roads.

8         It's noisy at night.

9         We don't have a park any more.

10      NOW there are blocks Of flats.

Infinitives

7     Infinitives after adjectives Complete the sentences.

I hard/find a good job It 's hard t0Lfind a goodjob.

 l/surprised/see you here I'm surprised to see

3 This book/easy/read

 lovely/see you last night

 easy/make mistakes when you're learning a language

 important/keep vocabulary records

 I/pleasedlsee you've stopped smoking

 impossible}keep the house tidy With five children

 unusual/have long, hot summers in England

8     Infinitives of purpose

Match a line in A with a verb in B and a line in C.

10

9     How to do it/somethingtoeat

Match a line in A with a word in B and a line in C.

Vocabulary

what happened. It's just that I feel very

. I went to bed very late last night.

 I'm going on a three-month holiday to the Far

East.

                                                                                                                                      B How                           ! Lucky you!

They're too

11 Rhymes

Hi, Mum!         In the groups Of three words, two words rhyme and B Carol! Thank goodness you rang! Where have       one doesn't. Circle the one which is different.

you been? We've been so about you! Hello, darling. I've got a present for you. B For me?

A    Don't 100k so . I Often buy you presents.

B     But it isn't my birthday!

5     The art exhibition was very         I loved it,

but I had to leave after three hours. My feet were killing me! I find going round art galleries and

         museums very       

6     Some people don't go out at night because they're

that someone Will rob them.

7     Our financial situation is very

We spend more and more, but we're earning less and less.

10 Scared to death

Writing

12 Formal and informal letters I

I Here are two letters. Put the lines in each letter in the correct order.

MOnday

Dear Alice and Jim

Would you mind having a 100k for me?

The conversation was excellent and the food delicious!

think I left a pair Of brown trousers in the wardrobe Of my room. I had wonderful time.

Please can you let me know if you find them?

Thank you for having me to stay last weekend.

It was lovely to see you all. See you again soon!

Could you do something for me? Thanks lot.

Love

2  The first letter is informal, written to friends. The second letter is formal, written to a hotel. Compare the language used.

January 13th

Dear Reception

Could you possibly check ir this is so?

The service was superb and the food delicious!

I have lost a pair of brown trousers which I think I left in the wardrobe or my•room. We had a very pleasant stay.

I look forward to hearing from you.

Many thanks for the weekend break that my wife and I enjoyed at your hotel recently We hope to visit your hotel again soon.

I would like to ask you a favour.

I would be most grateful.

Yours sincerely

3  Write the reply to each letter. Explain that you looked very carefully for the trousers, but couldn't find them.

Could you do something for me?

Thanks a lot. Would you mind having a 100k for me?

I would like to ask you a favour.

I would be very grateful.

Could you possibly check ifthis is so?

Alice and Jim's letter

Dear Jack Thanks for you letter. We enjoyed , too. I'm sorry, but I looked every.s'here , and I couldn't .

Have you looked . ? Perhaps you .

Sorry I can't help any more.

See you soon!

The hotel's letter

Dear Mr Higgins

Thank you for your letter Of 13 January.

We are delighted that We are sorry to inform you that unable to find

We looked .

We look forward .

10

The passive

Words with more than one meaning

Writing a review

The passive

1 Forming the passive

Complete the text with the passive form of the verbs.

Use the Present Simple, Past Simple, or Present Perfect.

Faster(start) in 1962. £1.5 billion

(spend) on developing Concorde and it than the (test) for over 5 al) hours. which makes it the most tested plane in history The first passenger plane speed of  (introduce) by artish Airways and

Air France in 1976. Concorde holds many world records. including the fastest crosstng of the Atlantic from New York

(use) a lot by

which makes them very expensive!

11

2 Making questions                                                                                

 Complete the questions.

I Concorde was developed in the 1960s.

When was Concorde developed

2        £1.5 billion was spent On its development.

HOW much

3        Twenty planes have been built altogether.

How many

4        The Houses Of Parliament were built in the nineteenth century.

When

5        Twenty people were hurt in the train crash.

How many

6        Champagne is produced in France.

Where

7        She was fined E300 for speeding.

HOW much

8        School teachers are paid about £25,000 a year.

How much

9        Our post is delivered twice a day.

           HOW Often                                          

10     Three teenagers were given an award for bravery yesterday.

Making negatives

Correct the sentences.  paper is made from plastic.

paper isn't made from plastic. It's made from wood.  President Kennedy was killed in New York.

 Coffee is grown in Scotland.

4 Sunflowers was painted by Renoir.

 Walkman cassette players were developed by the Russians.

6 The Berlin Wall was knocked down in 1982.

 The 2000 Olympic Games were held in New Zealand.

 Rolls-Royce cars are made in Japan.

 Coca-Cola has been produced for over 200 years.

5 Newspaper stories

I Complete the stories with the passive verbs in the box.

Heart man alive and kicking

Taxi-driver Phil Young is people (8)  celebrating a very special as I was,' said Mr Young. anniversary today. It is •And I hope I can score the exactly one year since he winning goal in the match!'

11

TRAIN CRASH AT 80 MPH

The London—Edinburgh express yesterday morning as it was passing through York station. Ten            people

(10)    and four people hospital, but no one was seriously hurt. Trains (12) for the rest Of the day. Several eye witnesses (13) , but

it is not yet clear how the crash happened.

2 Write the questions about the newspaper stories

I What wasfound on thestrxetlast•veek?

A winning lottery ticket worth S7 million.

2

Sl .2 million.

Exactly one year ago.

4  to raise money?

A charity football match.

Yesterday morning.

   Active and passive                                           o

6     Notices      German and French are spoken

71

7     Active or passive?

11 •

Vocabulary

8 Words with more than one meaning

The words in the dictionary extracts all have more than

one meaning.

Example

n, 1 rough I saw Ann this morning. top of the water when the I didn't speak to her, Sea is not rolling just waved. movement Of the Sea

This is beach: A big                Swept   entry 2, definition 2. the              offthe

  When it                the                             an example of

    Say              3 gentle Curve           waves were too big.

or bend: Her     has                 This is an example of

Notice that this dictionary has a separate entry for nouns, verbs, adjectives, etc.

Look at the dictionary extracts and the sentences. Which entry (and which definition) is the word an example 01?

I I managed to fit all my

fitI       ( fitter. fittest)        clothes into one healthy; well: Fm•rcise keeps

suitcase.

    suddenly:             in

3 Way Clothes

100k and feel on He runs five miles My            tight fit.

fit' v. fitting.    every day. He's very fit. present rpreznt" adj. 4 A I've got a present for being here: being there you.

   IS         Class                                   B Oh, thank you! Is it

2 being or happening

         my                 at the                  something nice?

               present at the wedding.

tomorrow.

 n. gift; Something that you give to someone: a birthday present.

7     When there is a fair in             fair'        adj. my town, I like to win            1 honest: treating people prizes and go on the rides.                              in the right Way:

boss. 2 quite good but not

8     I have fair skin, so  very good: Your work is can't lie in the sun for very long.3 and Sunny: fair

4 with a pale or 9 A I gave my son a bike light colour: fair for Christmas, and my fair 1 special market:

We saw new kinds daughter a book.

machines

B That's not very fair.

Did she mind?                              in the Olxn air, where you can buy things. play games, hear music, etc.

still' 'std/ adj. not moving or making any sound: is so 10 Don't move! Keep still or I'll shoot you!

I I A What do you do these

past fitted p fitld,'j 1 be the right size and shape: Do

2 put something into its place:

new lock on the door. fit in, (a) find time to do

11

that the smoke is rising Straight up from stillness n. adv. without moving or making any sound: quietly: Please sit while /       hair. still' adv. I up to now; now: I         go

2 up to then and at that time: When I s'ill

days?

B I still have the same job at the bank.

Writing

9 Writing a review of a book or a film

I Complete the re".'iew Of the novel Frankenstein With the sentences in the box. Which tense is used in the review, Past or Present Simple?

FRANKENSTEIN

it is so huge and friends and feels lonely and —steintomake it a wife.

broth-an

but and his bride is heartbgoken gnd is determined to kill the monster. (4)

Frankenstein    fascinating story because of the character of the monster. whigb is both sad and frightening at the        time.

g          bon" and z þodies .*and makes a which more

the

2    1.00k at these headings. Find the information in the review Of Frankenstein.

• title and author       • events in the story

• type Of book}fllm • your opinion Of the book

• characters  or film

3    Make some notes under the headings above about a book or film that you have read or seen recently. Then write a review in about 200 words.

11 •

Second Conditional • might Phrasal verbs

Writing a story 2

Second Conditional

 Jimmy's dreams

 Jimmy is in prison. Read about his life in prison, then complete the sentences about his dreams.

Dream

If he weren't in prison, .

                                                                      1 he 'dget_up         at 7.30.

a suit.

coffee and croissants for breakfast.

4            he           in an office.

5            he_ squash.

6            he                          to night clubs. 7 he         at midnight.

2 Making questions

Ask questions about Jimmy in exercise 1.

If Jimmy weren't in prison,

I what time would he get up?

At 7.30.

A suit.

Coffee and croissants.

4

In an Office.

 night clubs.

6

At midnight.

3      Laura's dreams

Look at the pictures Of Laura's real life and her         Laura (1) _liyes           (live) in a big city. If she lived in the dream, and complete the text. Use the Present Simple  country, she (2) wouldhove (have) a dog.

and the Second Conditional. Laura (3) (share) a fiat with three other girls, but if it (be) possible. she (5)

12

4      Short answers

Answer the questions about Laura. Use short answers.

If Laura lived in the country, . I would she live on her own?

Yes she would.

2     would she live in a flat?

3     would she have a dog?

4     would she go shopping in department stores?

5     would she ride her bike?

6     would she grow vegetables?

Rewrite these sentences using the Second Conditional.

I I'm not rich. I don't live in a big house.

were rich, I'd live in a big

2     He works in the evening. He has no time to play with his children.

3     She buys a lot of clothes. She has no money.

4     1 haven't got a car. I can't give you a lift.

5     1 go to bed late. In the morning I'm tired.

6     She hasn't got a watch. She's always late.

12

might

6 might = will • perhaps

Write the sentences With might instead Of Will + perhaps.

I Perhaps it Will rain tomorrow. It might rain tomorrow.

2     perhaps We'll go to Spain for our holidays.

3     Perhaps I won't get my cheque today.

4     Perhaps Joe and Ellie will pop in for a drink this evening.

5     Perhaps I'll get a playstation for my birthday.

6     1'm a bit worried — perhaps Dave won't phone me tonight.

7 Choosing the correct form

Choose the correct form Of the verb.

 Don't wait for me. I'll be / I might be late. It depends on the traffic.

 A What are you doing tonight?

B I don't know. I'm going/ might SO out, or I'm staying/ I might stay at home.

 We have guests coming for Sunday lunch. I'm going to cook / I might cook roast beef and Yorkshire pudding. I've bought all the ingredients.

 A I'm going to buy George a green shirt.

B I wouldn't, if I were you.

A      Why not?

B      He isn't going to like/ He mish' not like the colour green.

5    A Goodbye, darling! I'll phone/ I might phone as soon as I arrive. B Thanks. Bye!

6    Catherine wants to be a politician. Who knows? One day she'll be/ she might be Prime Minister!

8     Worries

What are these people worried about?

I Sophie's worried. She's going to be an au pair abroad.

The children might be horrible. She might not like the family.

2     Tessa's worried. Her four-year-old daughter is walking on a high Wall.

3     Danuta's worried. She's got two important exams tomorrow.

4     David's worried. His parents arc away, and he's invited about twenty friends to his house for a party.

5     1'm worried. I•m driving a long way tomorrow, and my car is very old.

6     Toby's worried. He's got an appointment with the dentist this afternoon.

7     Kaori's worried. Her plane leaves in forty minutes, and she's stuck in a traffic jam.

9     Trying to decide

Complete the text with might and a verb from the box.

•l know it's time for decisions. but I'm not very good at making decisions. I always worry that I the right choice. I to university next year, but I'm not sure. I (3) for a year and travel around Asia for a while. After university. I (4) a teacher. I (3 much, but like working With kids. and money isn't everything. Someone told me there are lots Of jobs teaching English abroad. so I (6) a course in that. Then I could teach and travel: Who knows, I 7) a nice girl too. That would be great!'

Vocabulary

10 Phrasal verbs

I Complete the sentences With a verb from the box in the form.

come to bed.

•l Could you in this form, please, and sign it at the bottom?

      I'm                  forward to meeting her very much.

Out! The glass is going to fall! Oh! Too late!

for the car keys. Have you seen them anywhere?

8 She Off her horse and hurt her wrist.  I used to smoke, but I up last year.

2 Complete the sentences with a particle from the box.

      You look tired. Sit              and have a cup Of tea.

2 1'm looking for yesterday's newspaper. Did you throw it

      Turn               the music! It's too loud!

        I live in Bristol now, but I grew                     in Leicester.

 Come       ! Hurry ! You'll be late for school.

6    Have you heard? •lòny's going              with an Italian girl called Sofia.

7    Pick             your litter! Don't drop it on the street!

8    Don't worry about the baby. I'll 100k her While you're Out.

 What a pretty dress! •Turn ! Let me 100k at it from the back.

10 John! WakeCan you hear a noise downstairs?

I l I'm going to take these shoes                  to the shop.

Writing

11    Adverbs

Complete the sentences With the adverbs in the correct place.

I A tiger jumped out Of a tree. (suddenly) Suddenly, a tiger jumped Ofa tree.

2     Thank you for the invitation. I can't come.

(unfortunately)

3     1 got out of bed and        to make a cup Of tea.

(downstairs)

4     She checked in her luggage. She went to have a cup Of coffee. (then)

12    Writing a story 2

5    I was sitting at home when something very Strange happened. (last Thursday evening)

6    Keith's lying in bed because he doesn't feel well. ( upstairs)

7    They have a son called Simon, and we have a son called

Simon. (too)

9 I worked all last week. (hard)

I Sarah Brown Was in her bedroom getting ready to go to work, when she saw a mouse in her handbag.

She was scared of mice. So

3    She couldn't find him anywhere, but she found him sleeping under the kitchen table. She picked him up and ran back to

12

 She had a good idea. She left the room and ran to 100k for her cat, Tiger. He would

4    In the bedroom. Sarah put Tiger down on the floor. She waited outside the door. Tiger was scared Of mIce, so

2 Here's another picture story. It's a true story! Write the story, using the information for each picture. Use as many adverbs as you can from I.

I On the evening of I June, a French burglar broke into a house in Paris. He living room and .

. kitchen to . He opened cheese.

. hungry, so . Then . two bottles Of champagne.

thirsty, so

. upstairs, but tired            .

asleep the next morning

Unit 12

Present Perfect Simple

1 Wha€s new?

Complete the letter With a verb from the box in the Present Perfect or the past Simple.

Dear Heike

HOW are   I (l)       a          $6 1 drop         q line    give      same Of Our news. The most important to tell   that We (2)      new hag$e t' bgy! We it            week.   We       We

On a price         a bit be in it a We (5) tu sell aur hawe yet, bRt I      thbtk it will be

I'mgoing t' the estate agent's tl•ti.s

                                                                  The               are all fine. Did

Weeks there   thew a really lave With lovelygirl called    He          her at a last Week,              titinkJ Jhe:r the most girl he

(11)              I dcn't knaw haw lang the last — We'll see!

has            new",   (12)     prize a ballet   last week. She (13)      R4yal the whole         this      We

Love

B

2     yet and already

Angela and Jean-Pierre are getting married. Look at their list of things to do and complete the sentences. Use the Present Perfect With yet/nlready.

I Angela has already booked the hotel for the

3     Questions and short answers