Промежуточная аттестация 10 класс Starlight с демо версией работы

1. 

What was coffee’s long way to Europe like?

2. 

How did drinking coffee become a social life activity?

3. 

How was coffee discovered?

4. 

Why was coffee prohibited in some countries?

5. 

What ingredients are used in coffee recipes?

6. 

Why do some people refuse to drink coffee?

7. 

What helped coffee to conquer the USA?

A. 

Coffee was first found in Eastern Africa in the area we know today as Ethiopia. A popular legend says that one day, a man called Kaldi was watching his goats eating grass and leaves. He noticed that after eating berries from a certain bush, the goats became very active. Curious, Kaldi tried the berries himself. He found that these berries gave him additional energy. The story quickly spread throughout the region.

B. 

The first coffee berries were transported from Ethiopia to Arabian countries and then they were cultivated in Yemen. From there, coffee travelled to Turkey where coffee beans were roasted for the first time over open fires. The roasted beans were crushed and then boiled in water, creating the drink we enjoy today. Finally, in the seventeenth century, coffee arrived in France, Britain and Italy.

C. 

The first coffeehouses opened in Mecca and quickly became popular centres of social and political activity. The government believed that coffee stimulated radical thinking, and even thought it might unite the opposition. As a result, soon coffee was forbidden in Mecca. The same thing happened in Turkey a century later, when coffee drinkers were severely punished.

D. 

They say, in 1776, the thirteen American colonies adopted coffee as their national drink instead of tea. When the British tried to raise the tax on tea, Americans refused to buy it and switched to coffee. In fact, by drinking coffee, Americans demonstrated their political views and their dislike for the British – the famous tea-lovers.

E. 

The Italians drink their espresso with sugar, the Germans and Swiss add an equal part of hot chocolate, the Mexicans prefer it with cinnamon, and the Belgians – with chocolate. Coffee drinkers in the Middle East usually add cardamom and spices. The Egyptians, on the other hand, are extremely fond of pure, strong coffee. They add neither milk nor cream.

F. 

When the first European coffeehouses opened, they quickly grew into places where people played chess, exchanged gossip, sang and danced. Coffeehouses were very popular. Anyone could go and enjoy a cup of the drink because the price of a cup of coffee was reasonable. European coffeehouses became meeting points for intellectuals, writers and businessmen.

1. 

What can the Indian ancient drawings tell us about?

2. 

Why do people come to the holy waters?

3. 

Where are Indian movies made?

4. 

Why is India getting more and more popular with tourists?

5. 

How can travellers escape the heat?

6. 

Which ancient language influenced modern languages a lot?

7. 

Why is the Indian capital called a city of contrasts?

A. 

The world’s first university was established in India in 700 BC, where more than 10,500 students from around the world studied more than 60 different subjects. The training was conducted in Sanskrit. Nowadays, Sanskrit is considered to be the mother of all the European languages. Its elements can be traced in most of them.

B. 

The most frequently visited place in India is Delhi, the capital city of the country. It seems to be divided into two parts. New Delhi is a modern city with hi-tech architecture, tourist attractions and modern facilities. Old Delhi is several centuries old, with narrow streets, ancient churches and noisy bazaars. Lots of people live in slums without the most essential facilities like toilets and running water.

C. 

People all over the world know of India’s greatest river, the Ganges.  The river looks extremely beautiful in the morning light. It is the subject of thousands of prayers. It has become a common ritual for pilgrims to gather by the holy river in the mornings. It is believed that bathing in the Ganges helps to cure all kinds of diseases and can improve your life in general.

D. 

Indian climate differs from one part of the country to another. The air is cool and fresh in the mountains, but in the plains it is usually very hot and dry, so even a short trip can be very hard for an inexperienced traveller. That is why tourists are always glad to have a rest at one of the numerous stations in the hills. There they can enjoy a nice cup of real Indian tea, the most refreshing drink in such a climate.

E. 

India is not all history. It is also famous for its Bollywood industry, which produces different films. Indian films have always had their own style; they are rich in music and dancing. Though the industry is still developing, many Indian film stars have received Oscar prizes and are known throughout the world. The home of Bollywood is Mumbai, also known as a busy port and the country’s commercial centre.

F. 

There is an unusual treasure hidden in the Indian mountains. These are striking ancient temples cut in the rocks. For example, the Buddhist cave temples at Ajanta were built at least 2,000 years ago. Inside the caves on the walls, tourists can see animal images and pictures of people’s lives. Some researchers believe that the interpretation of the images can help us to learn a lot about people’s lives in ancient times.

4.Listening. Write the correct answer.

1. 

What natural resource do Icelanders use as an alternative to central heating?

2. 

What should you take with you when going to Iceland?

3. 

What are the national characteristics of the local people?

4. 

In what seasons can you see snow in Iceland?

5. 

What extreme excursions can the country offer?

6. 

What does a traditional Icelandic house look like?

7. 

Why are these animals widely used in tourist business?

A. 

In spite of its hard northern climate, Iceland is very attractive to tourists. Many people who have visited the country once want to go there again and again. The country turns skeptics into poets and optimists. It’s not only because of the views but also because of the local people. Icelanders are friendly and hospitable and welcome guests. It really compensates for the cold harsh climate!

B. 

An adventurous traveller would never mistake Iceland’s scenery for any other because of the boiling water fountains and the steam coming from the earth. Smoking volcanoes attract the bravest tourists. Iceland is the only place in the world where you can hike up a volcano and even go inside. There are guided walks to the glaciers, large masses of slowly moving ice, too.

C. 

Icelandic weather is unpredictable throughout the year. Bright sunshine can easily change to cold and miserable weather within a few hours. In the summer, rain is typical in Iceland. From September to May, when the temperature falls, it often snows, especially on the south and west coasts.

D. 

Till nowadays Icelanders cannot do without horses. And horses are very important not only for farming. From the Viking Age, horses have become a part of Iceland’s culture. They look like My Little Pony toys but they are exceptionally strong, so they can do heavy work and survive cold winters. The horses are good-natured, which is perfect for new riders. Guesthouses and travel companies across the country offer horse rides and tours.

E. 

If you decide to visit Iceland, you’ll never regret your decision. The only thing that can spoil your trip is the weather. That’s why it’s very important to get a reliable weather forecast whatever season it is. If you wear appropriate clothes and have some smart heating devices, neither rain nor snow can ruin your trip.

F. 

Hengill, a place near Reykjavik, is a famous landmark of the country. It is a field of more than 7 thousand hot springs. The water from the springs is used to warm the houses and to fill the open pools in the capital of Iceland. The water comes from below the earth where the temperature is about seven thousand degrees.