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Saturated and unsaturated steam, vapor concentration Presentation.ppt
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Why in our city are cold and heat so hardly tolerated?
Why in our city the heat is so difficult to tolerate even 25 °C, although in other places even a high temperature is tolerated more easily?
Why do patterns appear on windows in winter?
Why if hot tea is blowing, then it cools faster?
Why are sick people so attentive to the weather forecast when air humidity is transmitted?
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Saturated and unsaturated steam, air humidity.
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Lesson Objective
Determine the relative humidity of the air using a hygrometer and psychrometer
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Evaluation Criteria
Students:
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SATURATED AND UNSATURATED STEAM
Steam and unsaturated steam
Results:
The vapor that is in thermodynamic equilibrium with its liquid is called saturated.
The vapor pressure at which a liquid is in equilibrium with its vapor is called the saturated vapor pressure.
The pressure of saturated steam depends only on its chemical composition and temperature and does not depend on the amount of volume it occupies.
With increasing temperature, not only the speed of molecules increases, but also their concentration.
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If the gas temperature is equal to the critical, then the gas will go into a liquid state, bypassing the state of saturated steam.
If the gas temperature is below the critical temperature, then isothermal compression transforms it first into the state of saturated vapor, and then into the liquid.
Results:
If the temperature of the gas is higher than the critical one, then the gas will not become liquid at any pressure;
If the gas temperature is equal to the critical one, then the gas will become liquid without going to the saturation state;
If the gas temperature is less than the critical one, then isothermal compression will cause the gas at the beginning to saturation and then to the liquid state.
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Results:
Boiling begins at a temperature at which the pressure of saturated steam in the bubbles is compared with the pressure in the liquid;
The higher the external pressure, the higher the boiling point;
The boiling point can be reduced by reducing the external pressure.
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HUMIDITY
ABSOLUTE
Results:
The pressure that water vapor would produce if all other gases were absent is called the partial pressure of water vapor;
The water vapor content in 1 m3 of air is called absolute humidity;
Relative humidity of air is the ratio of the partial pressure of water vapor contained in the air to the pressure of saturated water vapor at the same temperature;
The temperature at which the water vapor becomes saturated is called the dew point.
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DEVICES FOR THE DETERMINATION OF RELATIVE AIR MOISTURE
Problem Solving
Task 1. Find the relative humidity of the air if the partial pressure of water vapor in the air at 19 °C was 1.1 kPa.
Task 2. Find the relative humidity of the air in the room at a temperature of 18 °C, if dew appeared at a temperature of 10 °C.
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Evaluation Criteria
Students:
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