THE ROLE OF MUSIC EDUCATION IN THE PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT OF GENERAL SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS.

THE ROLE OF MUSIC EDUCATION IN THE PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT OF GENERAL SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS.

Annotation: In this article, the development, upbringing and formation of a person is the process of physical, mental and spiritual development of a person. The specific objective and subjective aspects of this process, as well as the role of music education in the personal development of secondary school students are highlighted.

Keywords: person, society, thinking, activity, communication, person, ability, knowledge, skill, imagination, music, sound, image, idea, art.

The development, upbringing and formation of a person is the process of physical and mental maturity of a person. This process has its own objective and subjective aspects.

Music is an art form that has a wide place in our cultural life and plays an important role in the formation of human personality. As early as the fourth century BC, the Greek philosopher Plato said: “The greatest educational factor is in the art of music, for rhythm and harmony find their way deep into the heart at this time and give it greatness and beauty. if the upbringing is set in the right way, otherwise it turns out to be the opposite. His student Aristotle (Plato) supports this idea with complete confidence. "Music has a certain effect on the moral side of the human soul, so it affects the upbringing of young people." Abu Nasr Al-Farabi, the ancestor of our national culture, explains the definite influence of music on the formation of personality: “This science (i.e. music DO) is useful in this sense, whose character has lost its balance. regulates, perfects the immature, and maintains the balance of those who are in balance. It's also good for your health. "

Music has an invaluable effect on the development of the human spirit and mind. At the end of his life, Darwin complained of a decline in his memory and thinking ability: "If I had the chance to be born a second time, I would be able to read a few poems at least once a week in my life. I would make a rule for myself. " Therefore, the main goal of music education is to instill in students a culture of music that is an integral part of human spiritual culture.

Moral purity, aesthetic attitude to art and life to the harmonious combination of mental and physical development are important conditions for the full development of the individual. Properly organized children's music education plays an important role in achieving this noble goal.

Children’s abilities develop during active music activities. Abilities are the psychological characteristics of a person that enable them to acquire the necessary skills, abilities, knowledge and apply it successfully in practice.

Ability to perform a specific type of activity. Analyzers of the nervous system (system) develop on the basis of factors such as sensitivity, strength, mobility, balance of nervous processes. For example, for two students in the same class, the teacher gives an etude of a poem of the same work. But one student starts the study a week later, and the other is quick and quick. Another student can't do it in a month and makes a lot of mistakes. An educator who wants this difference in success will link it to the level of ability of the students in such cases.

The inheritance of innate abilities, for example, is of particular importance in medical science and pedagogy. For example, in some families where children are addicted to alcohol, there are some cases of inherited mental illness. Children of healthy people have a high level and quality of mental activity. The development of cognitive and cognitive processes in people who are physically and mentally healthy is largely determined by the conditions in which they are taught or placed.

Our education system creates equal opportunities for all students. At the same time, the talent that everyone has is focused on creating the conditions for the development of abilities, not denying the approach to students in a stratified manner, taking into account their individual characteristics. And for the talent to show, the owner has to work hard.

There is a saying among our people, "He does what he sees in the bird's nest." Every child receives his first upbringing from his parents, family members and close people around him. A positive family environment, family relationships, mutual respect and consideration, kindness, mutual support and their relationship to music are key factors in the development of children's initial understanding and skills. rin holds. The children's personality was formed in the course of his activities. After all, the student's work is very interesting, beautiful and colorful. It is only when these qualities become a constant need in children that they become more active.

It is this beautiful feeling of fun and spiritual enjoyment that has a profound effect on the upbringing of children and students, especially the delicate ones. Consequently, the scientific, artistic and aesthetic upbringing of a child prepares the ground for important spiritual beauty.

It is the task of the educator to organize and direct children from an early age, taking into account the characteristics of their youth. Otherwise, the child will lag behind in development. For example, a child will not be able to perform these tasks at the age of seven if he is not taught at the first age to distinguish them by the volume of musical sounds.

Important features of musical development are:

- auditory perception, ability to hear music;

-quality and level of emotional response to music of different nature;

Develop basic skills in singing and performing musical rhythmic movements.

Year 1 of children's life: Psychologists say that children wake up early. According to AA Lyublinskaya, a child reacts to sounds in 10-12 days of life.

A 2-month-old baby calms down by listening to the sound, the sounds of the violin.

Children aged 4-5 months look for the source of the sound. They listen to the sound of singing. From the first months, a well-developed child will have a complex revival of the character of music, that is, they will rejoice or calm down. Towards the end of the first year of a child's life, they try to be accompanied by the humming of an adult song.

2nd year of a child’s life: A bright emotional response when children listen to music indicates a cheerful liveliness or a gentle mood. The child distinguishes between high and low sounds, loud and slow sounds, and even timbre works. (Playing on a metallophone or drum) For the first time, the intonations of a song are consciously formed. Accompanied by an adult song, he repeats the last sentences of the song, he can perform simple movements such as clapping, kicking, spinning under the music.

3 and 4 years of a child's life: Children develop sensitivity, separation of various features of bodies, including features such as music. Individual development of musical sensitivity is also observed. For example, children can sing simple songs clearly. This period is again characterized by the desire of children to act independently. In children, the desire to be active, the interest in music increases. 4-year-olds can sing small songs independently with a little help from adults, they know different movements and can use it to some extent independently.

5 years of a child's life: This period is characterized by their active curiosity. What is this period? What for? - is a period of questions.

They can observe the cheerful, merry, calm nature of the music, the loudness of the sounds, the fastness of the first part of the play and the slowness of the second part, the instrument on which the melody is played (grand piano, violin, bayan).

Understand the requirements for the child. The sound becomes resonant and moving during this period. The intonation of the voice is much more stable, but it always needs the help of adults. The main types of movement - walking, running, jumping - allow children to use these movements in games, dances.

6-7 years of a child's life: This period is the period of preparing children for school. Musical impressions received in kindergarten, under the influence of knowledge, children can characterize a piece of music, analyze its means of expression, feel the different moods expressed in music. The child will be able to perceive the whole musical image. This helps to foster an aesthetic attitude towards the environment. In children aged 6-7 years, the vocal apparatus develops further. There is a melody in the voice. Songs, dances and games are performed independently. Musical interests and talents are more pronounced.

First grade: In the first grade, the goals and objectives of music lessons are determined based on the level of psychological and physiological characteristics and musical-educational characteristics of children. The pre-note period, the accompaniment of children's musical instruments, the performance of musical rhythmic movements, all the goals that must be achieved in this class are the main criteria of music education is music, which is an integral part of students' spiritual wealth. focuses on shaping the culture. In the first grade, the foundations of music education are laid. From the first grade onwards, special attention should be paid to identifying and expanding the range of students' voices. In the elementary grades, the vocal range of most students does not exceed the first octave "lya". Because the range of songs in the program increases from the first octave "do" to the third octave "do". As a result, students perform the song completely incorrectly on these scenes or cannot sing at all. As a result, students are divided into two voices, that is, students whose voices do not rise to the high curtains are required to sing the rest of their silent hearing. Sound separation can also be used to teach students to sing. Singing each group individually prepares students for multiple voices and fosters a sense of independence.

Second Grade: Second graders are similar in their psychological and physiological characteristics to first graders. Concepts learned in the first grade, such as differentiation according to the musical characteristics of the genres of song, dance, and march, become knowledge. The emphasis is on vocal and choral work, with students divided into two groups based on the teacher's voice and instrument to form two voices from a series of melodies.

teaches. Single and double voices in the Do-Re range. Musical-rhythmic movements and children's musical instruments are widely used in understanding and describing the character and genre of music, as well as Uzbek folk songs and musical instruments, the work of composers.

Third grade: Third grade students are very different from grades 1-2 in their psychological nature. The knowledge and skills acquired in the second grade become a more accurate theoretical knowledge of the laws of music. Their attention span is stable, their speech is fluent, and they have the ability to sing two-voiced works formed by sound devices (students sing works with one-voice and two-voice song elements in the do -re (mi) range). will have. His interest in music lessons is growing.

Fourth grade: In fourth grade, students become psychologically rich in life experiences and interested in science. They will be able to concentrate, think about serious issues, and listen to music that is larger in volume. For comparison, it is advisable to use two-part songs without accompaniment-acapella in the research process. In the process of listening to music, it is necessary to provide information about Uzbek folk music and its socio-historical significance, the closeness and similarity of Uzbek folk music with the music of fraternal peoples. It is also advisable to involve in clubs, to form solo ensembles.

Fifth grade: Basic education begins in fifth grade. In fifth grade, students change a lot psychologically. Their attention span is constant, with an interest in science, research, and a hobby. As thinking progresses, so does the ability to understand logically through words rather than through visual perception. Vocal and choral skills have uneven vocal range.

(D-mi first sound, Do (si small) -Do (re) to sing one- and two-voice songs in the second sound range). That is why the work of a pure unison ensemble singing in two voices is complicated in them.

Sixth grade: In sixth grade, students begin adolescence and take a serious interest in the laws of nature and life. Psychologically and physiologically, there are active changes in the body. He grows taller, his voice changes, he develops an interest in science and the ability to think independently. As a result, the brain becomes malnourished and tired. During this time, the teacher is required to treat them seriously and kindly, and to have friendly conversations. Can sing one- and two-voice songs in the following range:

first sound do -mi (fa), second sound Si small (Lya small) D02 (re2)

Seventh grade: Seventh graders experience some psychological and physiological changes, emotional states, and signs of relative fatigue in class. Students' moods change during the lesson. In this case, the only condition for achieving the objectives of the lesson is to study each child in the class well and to conduct the content of the lesson at a high musical level. During this time, most children experience a period of mutation, although their voices still resonate. The teacher should not overwhelm their working range and disrupt the amount of singing.

The main task in educating a person through music is to convey to them all the riches of musical culture, accumulated throughout the history of the development of Uzbek music. After all, in this process, the national foundations are a natural and convenient basis for the development of musical abilities of young children

Folk music is divided into two types according to its structure and style of performance. Popular folk melodies and songs are considered to be the first type. These genres are also popular because they are simple and easy to perform, and although not everyone wants to receive special training from a teacher, they can be joined by performers at weddings, celebrations, and other ceremonies. rganib goes. As a result, the performers of popular genres are in the majority among the population. Genres of oral music are difficult to learn and perform. Because their structure is complex, they consist of large peaks and complex rhythms. Therefore, to play professional music, you need to have rich experience, high performance skills, resonant and wide range of voice. Especially in the process of performing them, it is necessary to use executive expressions such as swearing and moaning, which require a high degree of skill. Therefore, it is possible to take years of lessons from leading masters-artists to learn the school of professional music genres of singing, big singing, epic epics and maqoms.

In the past centuries, folk music has been passed down orally from generation to generation, as notation was rarely used in our musical practice. The contribution of masters of folk music in the development of our musical culture and its transmission from generation to generation is enormous. Every composer, musician and singer, who knew folk music perfectly, performed them with great skill and enriched our music by creating new melodies and songs, has won the great respect of our people. They were honored with such high titles as "Master", "Hafiz", "Mehtar".

That is why the singers who have won the respect of the people in our country have been awarded the honorary title of "People's Singer of Uzbekistan." We have a lot of famous artists among our people. Ota Giyas Abdugani, Ota Jalol Nosirov, Domla Halim Ibodov, Mulla Tuychi Tashmuhammedov, Khoji Abdulaziz Abdurasulov, Yunus Rajabiy, Shorakhim Shoumarov, Leyi Bobojanov, Usta Shodi Azizov, Matpano Khudoiberganov, Madrakhim Yakubov (Sheroziy), Matyokid Harratov .

At the present time, when the work of building a new society in independent Uzbekistan is in full swing, it is necessary to develop the young generation in all respects, increase their love for the Motherland, spiritual development, spiritual and political consciousness and aesthetic and moral education. The art of music, especially the art of music, is extremely important in its power of influence. Because it is the most ancient, modern and popular art.

List of used literature:

1.    I.Y.Tursunov.U.N.Nishonaliev. "Pedagogy courses"

2.    D.Omonullayev, H.Nurmatov, Mamirov K. and others. State Standards and Curriculum for General Secondary Education

3.    O.Fayziyev. "Musical education at school". T.1991

4.    N.V.Savin «Pedagogy»

5.    D.Omonullayev. Y.Botirov. State educational standard Oriental "Music culture" Goals and objectives of education.

6.    Dmitriyeva G., Chernoivanova "Methods of musical education in school"

7.    Methods of teaching music (text of lectures) T-2000.

8.     Music textbook (for l-7 grades)

9.     Скачано с www.znanio.ru