Урок развития навыков поискового чтения "Inventors of the first cars"

INVENTORS OF THE FIRST CARS

Задание 1. Выпишите новые слова и словосочетания:

Задание 2. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

Over the centuries, man’s way of life was changed by a relatively small number of discoveries and inventions. But changes have come more and more often since the steam engine was invented in 1765 by James Watt. In just two hundred years, man advanced from horsepower and candle light to aeroplanes and neon lams. Our ideas about travel have changed completely since Gottlieb Daimler and Charles Benz built their first petrol engine in 1885 and the Wright Brothers made the first flight in 1903.

In 1897 Rudolf Diesel invented a new internal combustion engine. It is known as a diesel and it began a transport revolution in cars, lorries, trains and ships. The main advantage of diesels is that they run on rather cheap fuel.

Charles Rolls was a British aristocrat and businessman, who was especially interested in cars. Once he met another enthusiast of cars Henry Royce, a famous car engineer. They decided to design the most comfortable and reliable car. At the beginning of the 20th century it seemed to be a fantasy. But in 1907 they managed to create the world – famous Rolls – Royce car. It was so comfortable and reliable that one of the models “Silver ghost” hadn’t changed greatly for 20 years since 1907.

Samuel Colt, who was an American, designed and patented a pistol in 1836. It had a revolving barrel and could fire 6 bullets one after the other. It was the first pistol of its kind. Later there came many other pistols with 6 bullets.

Samuel Finley Morse was a portrait painter, who became an inventor. For 12 years he tried to perfect the telegraph and succeeded in inventing the telegraphic dot - and – dash alphabet, now known as Morse code. Though there were some other codes in America in the 19th century, Morse code is used nowadays all over the world.

Charles Makintosh was a chemist by profession. He worked in a textile industry and in 1823 he developed a rubber solution used for raincoat production. Raincoats with this rubber solution didn’t allow water to penetrate. These raincoats were called makintoshes and people use them in rainy weather.

Some people say we live in the age of computers; but it is also correctly described as the atomic age or the space age.  Today, a journey from London to Cairo takes hours. Only a hundred years ago it took weeks. Today, men think seriously of going to Mars. 50 years ago they only dreamt about it. Today we produce energy by splitting the atom. A century ago, no one believed it could be split. Due to inventions, technology has advanced so quickly that cars and televisions are out of date only a few years after they were made.

 Задание 3. Соедините части предложения

1. A steam engine …      a. very popular even nowadays

2. A new internal combustion engine…       b. was the most comfortable and reliable car.

3. The main advantage of diesels is…          c. was invented by Rudolf Diesel.

4. The world famous Rolls Royce car…      d. was invented by James Watt.

5. All the cars produced by the firm “Daimler-Benz”…  e. was a car engineer by profession.

6. Henry Royce…. f. were called “Mercedes-Benz”.

7. A German engineer Rudolf  Diesel…      g. made his famous invention in 1897.

8. Morse code is…         h. that they run on rather cheap fuel.

Задание 4. Выберите продолжение предложений

1.      Changes in the man’s way of life have become more evident since

a)      the discovery of a pistol with 6 bullets;

b)      1765;

c)       the birth of Edison, one of the greatest inventors;

d)      the first patented invention was registered.

2.      An invention is

a)      the case of finding something which existed before but was not known to people. It is often a place or a scientific fact;

b)      a difficulty that needs attention and thought in order to solve it;

c)       something that is finished or gained through skill or hard work;

d)      a useful thing or idea which is produced by scientists for the first time.

3.      The “Silver Ghost” model was

a)      famous for its reliability and comfort;

b)      created by Wright brothers;

c)       one of the best racing cars at the beginning of the 20th  century.

d)      named after its creator Tom Silver.

4.      Due to the development of a rubber solution

a)      raincoats were called makintoshes;

b)      a transport revolution began;

c)       the production of waterproof raincoats was quite successful;

d)      raincoats became very popular.

Задание 5. Поставьте предложения в хронологическом порядке.

1)      These two inventors managed to design the most reliable and comfortable car for the beginning of the last century.

2)      He invented the first gun with 6 bullets.

3)      This invention got its name after the inventor and is used in rainy weather.

4)      The invention of this engine gave birth to a large number of other discoveries and inventions.

5)      This invention is used nowadays all over the world though there were some other inventions on analogy in the 19th century.

6)      Last century was remarkable for the introduction of the laser, the proliferation of calculators and computers and a revolution in the telecommunication industry

7)      The main advantage of that invention was that it used rather cheap fuel.

Задание 6. Допишите предложения, используя текст:

1)      Changes have come more and more often since…

2)      The main advantages of diesels is …

3)      Charles Rolls was a British aristocrat and businessman…

4)      Some people say we live ….

5)      Today men think ….

6)      Due to inventions ….

Задание 7. Напишите, что изобрели эти люди:

1)      R. Diesel

2)      S. Colt

3)      C. Rolls

4)      C. Makintosh

5)      S. Morse

6)      C. Benz

Задание 8. Заполните пропуски, изменив слова справа

1.      His____ could not be used to protect tall buildings during a storm.

         DISCOVER

2.      This ______ became very popular because it gave off much heat.

         INVENT

3.      He persuaded the _______ to try locomotives.      DIRECT

4.      The ______  of the colliery bought some engines and began to experiment for himself.

         OWN

5.      Samuel Morse was the pioneer of the most widely used electrical _____ in the world today.

         COMMUNICATE

6.      What he needed was a _____ lamp.  SAFE

7.      Franklin’s _____ about natural phenomena can be observed from his boyhood.

         CURIOUS

8.      At that time people were _____ afraid of lightning.        TERRIBLE

9.      One day he brought a new _______ to the laboratory.     TRANSMIT

Задание 9. Соедините слова из обоих столбцов, чтобы получились словосочетания, переведите их: