экология

1.            Coined the term "ecological system"

Arthur tansley

Suess

Vernadsky

Darwin

Haeckel

2.            Synecology - section ecology, exploring relationships

Organisms in the community

Organisms with a single type of habitat

Populations with the environment

Geosphere

For the individual groups

3.            Zone poor species

Tundra

Forest

Equatorial

Steppe

Tropical

4.            Sequential change in time of some biocenoses others on a certain area of the Earth surface

Succession

Cinuziya

Climax

Consortium

Configuration

5.            Organisms attached to the bottom living in sediments

Benthos

Nekton

Periphyton

Plankton

Neuston

6.            Groups of aquatic organisms

Plankton, nekton, benthos

Organisms, swim and swim ashore

To swim and dive for food production

Organisms catching food in depth on the surface

Floating passively and actively swimming organisms

7.            Bentos

The collection of organisms inhabitants of the bottom of the reservoir

Overgrown pond, which increases the number of aquatic plants

The collection of aquatic plants and invertebrates

The natural unit of dividing the ocean floor

Soil animals

8.            The territory of the complex with its inherent environmental factors environment occupied by the community

Biotope

Ecotopia

Biocoenosis

Environmental niche

Biogeocoenosis

9.            The term "ecosystem" was first introduced

A. Tansley

Charles elton.

K. Moebius

Yu.odumom.

Vn sukachev.

10.        Example biogeocoenose

A large part of the forest area

An aquarium with fishes living in it

Dead trees

Spacecraft

Living tree

11.        For urban systems is not typical

More diversity

Use the energy of fossil fuels

Limiting the increase of biomass

Intensive metabolism

Low species diversity

12.        Animal resources are not

Solar energy

Organic substances

Water

Oxygen

Food

13.        The territory of the complex with its inherent environmental factors environment occupied by the community

Biotope

Ecosystems

Biocoenosis

Environmental niche

Biogeocoenosis

14.        The amount of energy transferred from one trophic level to another, is the amount of energy prior

10%

1%

5%

15%

90%

15.        Typical structure of biocenosis

Producers, consumers and decomposers

Consumers and decomposers

Producers and consumers

Consumers and decomposers

Edificators and destructors

16.        The productivity of ecosystems

The increase in biomass per unit of time

Its total biomass

The total biomass producers

The total biomass of consumers

Biomass producers and decomposers

17.        The food chain

The transfer of energy from its source through a series of organisms

A set of food items typical of the consumer in the community

The relationship of predator and prey in the biocenosis

Energy dissipation in the series producer - decomposer

Fighting competition for food resources

18.        Decomposers

Fungi and bacteria

Lower plants

Invertebrates

Viruses

Higher plants

19.        Consuments second order

Carnivores

Single-celled algae

Hemosinteznruyuschie bacteria

Autotrophic

Herbivores

20.        Autotrophs

Producers

Decomposers

Predators

Destructors

Consuments

21.        Meadows biocenosis have the greatest biomass

Green plants

Herbivores

Carnivores

The bacteria rotting

Mushrooms

22.        The organisms that feed on decaying leaves

Decomposers

Consuments

Producers

Symbionts

Autotrophs

23.        Grazing food chain begins with

The plants

Bacteria

Animals

Mushrooms

Detritophages

24.        Environmental unit, consisting of a variety of organisms and their physical environment

Ecosystem

Population

Niche

Community

Biotope

25.        The territory occupied by the community

Biotope

Ecosystems

Biocenose

Ecological niche

Area