эссе по английскому языку на тему Law of Russia

Law of Russia

The legal system of the Russian Federation, like most countries in continental Europe, follows the Romano-Germanic (or continental) legal tradition. This means that the primary source of law is written statute, not judicial precedent, and legal norms are codified in codes and other normative acts.

The supreme law in Russia, which has direct effect and prevails throughout the country, is the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The constitutions of the republics within the Russian Federation and the charters of other constituent entities must comply with the federal Constitution. Other sources of Russian law include federal constitutional laws, federal laws, decrees of the President of the Russian Federation, government resolutions, acts of federal executive bodies, and international treaties ratified by Russia, which are an integral part of its legal system.

The role of judicial precedent in Russia, strictly speaking, is not decisive. Unlike in the Anglo-Saxon system, the decisions of individual courts do not create binding rules for other courts. However, resolutions of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation and decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, providing clarifications on issues of judicial practice or the constitutionality of laws, effectively serve as guidelines, influencing the uniformity of law enforcement and serving as key reference points for lower courts.

The areas of Russian law are vast and include constitutional law, administrative law, civil law, criminal law, family law, labor law, tax law, environmental law, financial law, and many other areas regulating various aspects of public life.

One striking example of the state's attention to social aspects is Article 38 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. It states that motherhood, childhood, and the family are under the protection of the state. This article also establishes that the care and upbringing of children is an equal right and responsibility of parents, and able-bodied adult children are obligated to care for their disabled parents. Practical examples of the implementation of this article include state support programs for families with children (e.g., maternity capital), the payment of various child benefits, and the legislative regulation of alimony obligations both on the part of parents toward their children and on the part of adult children toward disabled parents, ensuring social protection for the most vulnerable groups of the population.

Thus, the Russian legal system is a complex structure based on written law, where the Constitution is the highest authority, and the state actively participates in the regulation and protection of key social institutions, such as the family.

Gorbacheva Polina UPR-22