презентация на тему Civil courts

Civil courts

Васильева Альбина ЮПС-22

In the Russian Federation, civil cases are considered by courts of general jurisdiction. This is based on Federal Constitutional Law No. 1-FKZ dated February 7, 2011, "On Courts of General Jurisdiction in the Russian Federation."

Only these courts have the authority to administer justice in civil cases that fall within their jurisdiction, following the rules established by civil procedure legislation.

Types


The system of courts of general jurisdiction in Russia is made up of federal courts and courts of general jurisdiction of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Some types of federal courts:
supreme courts of the republics
regional
provincial courts
courts of cities of federal significance
court of the autonomous region
courts of autonomous districts
district courts
city courts
interdistrict courts
military courts
specialized courts

To the courts of general jurisdiction of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation include magistrates.

Competence

Courts consider and resolve, for example:
lawsuits involving citizens, organizations, state authorities, local self-government bodies on the protection of violated or disputed rights, freedoms and legitimate interests, disputes arising from civil, family, labor, housing, land, environmental and other legal relations;
cases resolved by the order of the court;
special proceedings;
cases on challenging the decisions of arbitration courts and on issuing writs for the enforcement of the decisions of arbitration courts;
cases on recognition and enforcement of decisions of foreign courts and foreign arbitral awards;
cases on corporate disputes related to the creation of a legal entity, its management, or participation in a legal entity that is a non-profit organization.

The exception is economic disputes and other cases that are assigned to arbitration courts by federal constitutional law and federal law.

Procedure

The process of considering civil cases in Russian courts is regulated by the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation (CPC of the Russian Federation). Some stages of the trial:
Consideration of the claim - the term for accepting the claim for production - five days. If everything is fine with the claim, it is accepted, if there are errors or there are not enough documents - leave without movement.
Consideration of the case - the court must be within two months, counting from the day when the claim was submitted. Some cases must be resolved faster — in one month, for example: disputes over alimony, demolition of unauthorized buildings, reinstatement at work.
The decision must be issued and issued within five days after the announcement. After another month, the decision will come into force, during this time it can be appealed.

In practice, the terms of consideration of civil cases are often delayed: then one of the parties or a witness will not appear, then a counterclaim will be filed, then an examination will be appointed.

Appeal

If a party does not agree with the outcome of the proceedings, decisions of civil courts in Russia can be appealed:
Appeal - within 1 month for civil cases (Article 320 of the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation).
Cassation - in case of violation of the rules of law (Article 376 of the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation).
Supervision - in exceptional cases (Article 391.1 of the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation).

Any party to the case - the plaintiff, the defendant, and other persons participating in the trial - has the right to file an appeal. Persons who are not parties to the case may also file a complaint with the court (Article 320 of the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation).

Thanks for your attention!