Spotlight 8 2 c.pptx

2 с

Spotlight 8

Articles

Indefinite DefiniteНеопределенный Определенный

a / an the

Употребляем с исчисляемыми существительными в единственном числе



Употребляем с исчисляемым и неисчисляемыми существительными в единственном и множественном числе

a / an

A перед существительными на согласную
a book
a window
a horse

AN перед существительными на гласную (a, e, o, i, u)
an apple
an office
an elephant
Исключение : an hour

Применение артикля A / AN

При первом упоминании в тексте.
Jack is a student.
При указании на существительное неизвестное нам.
He has got a camera.
She is waiting for a bus.
It’s a nice day.
При перечислении предметов.
I have got a CD player, a bike and a skateboard.
He eats an apple and a sandwich every morning.
С профессиями.
I’m a dentist.
She’s a painter.
He’s an engineer.

Применение артикля A / AN

Когда перед существительным стоит прилагательное его характеризующее.
Rome is a big city in Italy.
I need a new car.
She is writing a long letter.
В восклицаниях.
What a wonderful day!
What a good boy!
What a pity!
Не употребляется с неисчисляемыми существительными!
Water, rain, air, rice, salt, oil, plastic, money, music, meat
We need fresh water.

Применение артикля THE

При втором и последующем упоминании в тексте.
Jack is a student. He goes to a university. The university is near his house.
При указании на существительное известное нам.
I’m going to clean the car tomorrow. ( = my car).
I wrote to her but the letter never arrived.
С существительными единственными в своем роде. (the sun, the moon, the world, the sky…)
The sun rises in the East.
Rome is the capital of Italy.
What is the largest island in the world?

Применение артикля THE

Когда известно, какая вещь, место или человек подразумевается.
the roof/ the garden/ the kitchen (of a house)
‘Where is Tom?’ ‘In the garden.’
Do you live far from the centre?
Rome is the capital of Italy.
Who is the President of the USA?
Когда перед существительным стоит прилагательное в превосходной степени.
It’s the best hotel in our city.
This is the longest way home.
Когда перед существительным стоит порядковое числительное.
Monday is the first working day.
Jane’s son is in the sixth form.

Применение артикля THE

the top

the the
left the middle right


the bottom

Write your name at the top of the page.
The table is in the middle of the room.
People drive on the right in Ukraine.
The beginning of the film is not very good.

Применение артикля THE

С фразой the same … (одинаковый, такой же, тот же, один и тот же).
We live in the same street.
These books are the same.
Со словами the police, the army, the fire brigade.
My brother is in the army.
С названиями музыкальных инструментов the piano/ guitar/ trumpet/ drum/ violin… .
Tom is learning to play the piano.
С словом the radio НО! the television.
I often listen to the radio.
I like watching television.

Применение артикля THE

Со словами
the cinema
the theatre
the bank
the club
the post office
the doctor
the dentist
the toilet

Do you often go to the cinema?
I must go to the bank today.
Are you going to the post office?
You’re ill. You must go to the doctor.

No article (ø) Отсутствие артикля

Перед существительными во множественном числе.
a car – ø cars, a house – ø houses, a man - ø men
Если перед существительным стоит притяжательное или указательное местоимение.
My car, his house, that man
Если перед существительным стоит числительное.
one car, two houses, three men
Перед именами и фамилиями.
James Bond, John Smith

Случаи употребления No article (ø)

Со словами
breakfast
lunch
dinner
C фразами
go to work
go to school
go to university
go to church
go to bed
go to hospital
go to prison

I never have breakfast.
What are you going to have for lunch?
Dinner is ready!

What time do you go to work/school/university?
Don usually goes to church on Sundays.
Jack’s ill. He’s in hospital.
The thief is put to prison.

Случаи употребления No article (ø)

При сообщении общей информации.
I like music.
We don’t eat meat very often.
I hate examinations.

C названиями видов спорта.
My favourite sports are tennis and basketball.
Ted is very good at swimming.

C названиями языков и академических предметов.
My sister is learning Chinese.
Today we’re having History and Math.

Write sentences, use a /an or the where necessary.

I turned off light, opened door and went out.
Excuse me, can I ask question, please?
Alan is best player in our football team.
How far is it from here to airport?
Enjoy your holiday and don’t forget to send me_ postcard!
Have you got ticket for concert tomorrow night?
What is name of director of film we saw last night?
Yesterday I bought jacket and shirt. Jacket was cheap but shirt was expensive.

the

the