Употребление конструкции USED TO

КОНСТРУКЦИЯ USED TO

·        Конструкция Used to описывает регулярные действия или состояния В ПРОШЛОМ и переводится «когда то, бывало, раньше».

·        Конструкция Used to используется только в прошедшем времени (Past Simple Tense), после нее используется инфинитив глагола с частицей to.

·        Данная конструкция употребляется, когда говорящий хочет показать, что действие-инфинитив в настоящем времени данное действие уже не происходит.

·        Конструкция  used to используется с любым глаголом, в отличие от слова would, которое также используют в похожих случаях. 

·        Отрицательные и вопросительные предложения с конструкцией used to строятся также как в прошедшем времени Past Simple Tense.

№1. Перепишите предложения, используя конструкцию Used to. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

Образец:   He played toy cars when he was a boy. = He used to play toy cars when he was a boy.

1. He studied French. ______________________________________French.

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2. He was proud of his team._______________________ proud of his team.

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3. Peter had more pocket money. _______________________more pocket money.

4. When Grandpa was a student, he did sports.  ___________________  when he was a student.

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5. She went to the disco every Sunday. _________________to the disco every Sunday.

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6. They were lucky._______________________________________ lucky.

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№2. Составьте предложения, используя конструкцию used to.  

Образец:    Mr Smith used to live in a small house but now he lives in a mansion. – Когда-то мистер Смит жил в маленьком доме, а сейчас он живет в особняке.

1.      Mr Smith worked as a clerk. He doesn’t work at all.

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2. He didn’t go on holiday. He travels every year.

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3. He had an old car. He has a brand-new sports car.

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4. He spent all evenings at home. He goes out every evening.

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№3. Составьте несколько предложений о том, что вы делали, когда были ребенком. Образец:   In summer  I used to go fishing with my dad.

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№4. Задайте 5 вопросов, используя конструкцию used to.

Образец:    (where/ live?) – Where did you use to live when you were a child?

1.(where/ play?)_____________________________________________________

2. (who/ play with?)__________________________________________________

3. (play toy cars?) ___________________________________________________

4. (play darts?)______________________________________________________

(what/ collect?)______________________________________________________

№5. Переведите на английский.

1. Бывало, он разрешал нам приглашать друзей). 2. Бывало, у нее были проблемы в школе. 3. Бывало, они обсуждали свои проблемы. 4. Бывало, мы ездили поездом. 5. Бывало, они проигрывали. 6. Бывало, я сердился на него.

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КОНСТРУКЦИЯ WOULD VS USED TO

Запомните, что глагол Would так же,  как и Used to используется для выражения повторяющихся действий в прошлом, которые уже не происходят сейчас.

ПРИМЕР

He would sit in the armchair for hours, looking through the window. — Он, бывало, часами сидел на кресле и смотрел в окно.

В отличие от used, которые употребляется с ЛЮБЫМИ глаголами,  would используется ТОЛЬКО с глаголами-действиями (activity verbs).

ПРИМЕР

I used to love playing darts. — Я раньше любила играть в шахматы.

НЕЛЬЗЯ I would love playing darts. (love – глагол состояния)

№6. Перефразируйте данные предложения. Используйте слова, выделенные жирным шрифтом, не изменяя их! Ваши предложения относятся к прошедшему времени.

1. She doesn’t live in the village any more, I believe. (used to)

 She______________________________________________________, I believe.

2. Whenever I told him that story he always laughed a lot. (would)

 I used to tell him that story and he ________________________________ a lot.

3. Is that the place where you lived before? (use)

Did you ____________________________________________________ place?

4. Before I moved in, I had no one to talk to. (use)

Before I moved in, I ___________________________________ anyone to talk to.

5. They usually had classes until lunch and games in the afternoon. (would) — When at school, they _____________________________ have classes and games.

6. Was it your habit to get up early in the morning? (use to)  

__________________________________________ to get up late in the morning?

№7. Вставьте Used to или Would

1. I ___________________live near the railway line. When a train went past, the whole house ____________________shake.

2. Now the shelves of our local shop are empty. I remember they______________ be full of stuff some years ago.

3. Every time my father was angry, he ______________ struck the table.

4. Every time my mother went out, she _______________always take an umbrella with her just in case.

№8. Переведите текст, обращая внимание на глагол WOULD.

My friendship with Kathy wasn’t a perfect friendship. I learned very soon in our relationship that Kathy was jealous. We would have great fun going out shopping but if I bought, say, a dress for a party and she thought my dress was better than hers, she would start to say slightly unkind things about it. She would come out with me to buy the dress. She would give me a lot of helpful advice while I was trying on the various dresses in the shops. Her advice was always good. She would even tell the shop assistant if she thought the price was too high. I can remember one occasion when she said this and, to my surprise, they knocked the price down so that I could afford to buy it. The trouble would come later. When we were actually going to the party and we were both dressed, up and she was looking marvellous (for she was very beautiful) she would suddenly say, «I think, Sarah, we were both wrong about that dress. It looks a bit cheap, doesn’t it!»

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№9. Describe Kathy as a person. What can you say about her character.

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