Card 2

Work with the text of the textbook. Highlight the answers to key questions, draw up a reference scheme for the following questions:

1. What is meant by electric field?

2. How fast are electromagnetic interactions propagated?

3. Electric field properties?

4. What field is called electrostatic?

5. Description of the electrostatic field?

Electric field. In order to explain the nature of the electrical interactions of charged bodies, it is necessary to admit the presence in the environment of the charges of the physical agent that performs this interaction. In accordance with the theory of short-range actions, which states that force interactions between bodies are carried out through a special material environment surrounding the interacting bodies and transmitting any changes in such interactions in space with a finite velocity, such an agent is an electric field.

The electric field is created both by fixed and moving charges. The presence of an electric field can be judged, first of all, by its ability to exert a force effect on electric charges, moving and stationary, as well as on the ability to induce electric charges on the surface of conducting neutral bodies.

A field created by fixed electric charges is called a stationary electric, or electrostatic field. It is a special case of the electromagnetic field, through which force interactions between electrically charged bodies, moving in the general case in an arbitrary way relative to the reference system, are carried out.

Graphic image of the electric field. The method of graphic representation of the electric field was proposed by the English physicist Michael Faraday. The essence of the method lies in the fact that the drawing shows continuous lines, which are called lines of tension, or lines of force.

The rule for constructing lines of tension is that the tangents to them at each point of the drawing coincide with the direction of the vector of field strength at the imaged point.

Thus, the lines of force have the same direction as the field strength and do not intersect, since at each point of the electric field the vector E has only one direction.

With the help of power lines one can give a quantitative characteristic of the electric field strength. For this, the density, or density, of the lines of force is chosen in proportion to the magnitude of the intensity vector. The density of the lines of force is defined as the number of lines penetrating a single surface in a direction perpendicular to this surface.

The image of lines of force allows you to get a picture of the field, which clearly shows what is equal to the intensity in different parts of the field and how it changes in space.

Work with the text of the textbook. Highlight the answers to key questions, draw up a reference scheme for the following questions:

1. What is meant by electric field?

2. How fast are electromagnetic interactions propagated?

3. Electric field properties?

4. What field is called electrostatic?

5. Description of the electrostatic field?

Electric field. In order to explain the nature of the electrical interactions of charged bodies, it is necessary to admit the presence in the environment of the charges of the physical agent that performs this interaction. In accordance with the theory of short-range actions, which states that force interactions between bodies are carried out through a special material environment surrounding the interacting bodies and transmitting any changes in such interactions in space with a finite velocity, such an agent is an electric field.

The electric field is created both by fixed and moving charges. The presence of an electric field can be judged, first of all, by its ability to exert a force effect on electric charges, moving and stationary, as well as on the ability to induce electric charges on the surface of conducting neutral bodies.

A field created by fixed electric charges is called a stationary electric, or electrostatic field. It is a special case of the electromagnetic field, through which force interactions between electrically charged bodies, moving in the general case in an arbitrary way relative to the reference system, are carried out.

Graphic image of the electric field. The method of graphic representation of the electric field was proposed by the English physicist Michael Faraday. The essence of the method lies in the fact that the drawing shows continuous lines, which are called lines of tension, or lines of force.

The rule for constructing lines of tension is that the tangents to them at each point of the drawing coincide with the direction of the vector of field strength at the imaged point.

Thus, the lines of force have the same direction as the field strength and do not intersect, since at each point of the electric field the vector E has only one direction.

With the help of power lines one can give a quantitative characteristic of the electric field strength. For this, the density, or density, of the lines of force is chosen in proportion to the magnitude of the intensity vector. The density of the lines of force is defined as the number of lines penetrating a single surface in a direction perpendicular to this surface.

The image of lines of force allows you to get a picture of the field, which clearly shows what is equal to the intensity in different parts of the field and how it changes in space.