Карточка-задание по английскому языку на тему «MEDICAL WRITING: CASE ABSTRACT_146»

КАРТОЧКА-ЗАДАНИЕ НА ТЕМУ

«MEDICAL WRITING: CASE ABSTRACT_146»

Warm-up

·         What is a medical case report?

·         What parts does it include?

·         What is an abstract?

Read the abstract of the medical case report:

Hepatotoxicity induced by trastuzumab used for breast cancer adjuvant therapy: a case report

Abstract

Introduction

Trastuzumab is generally considered a highly safe drug, but there have been cases of infusion reaction and cardiotoxicity. This report will present a rare case of hepatotoxicity induced by trastuzumab used for adjuvant therapy of human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2-positive breast cancer.

Case presentation

The patient was a 60-year-old Japanese postmenopausal woman with a non-contributory past medical history. She presented for detailed examination of an abnormality in her left breast. She had left breast cancer (T2N1M0, stage IIB) that was positive for estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor and was human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 3+. She began receiving epirubicin and cyclophosphamide therapy but developed hepatotoxicity (aspartate aminotransferase 43U/L, alanine aminotransferase 104U/L, alkaline phosphatase 634U/L, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase 383U/L). Thus, the therapy was discontinued after two cycles, and a weekly paclitaxel therapy was begun. After the absence of an adverse event was confirmed, she also began receiving trastuzumab (4mg/kg) at the second cycle. However, hepatotoxicity (aspartate aminotransferase 267U/L, alanine aminotransferase 246U/L, alkaline phosphatase 553U/L, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase 240U/L) developed again, and trastuzumab was discontinued. She received paclitaxel monotherapy for a total of four cycles and subsequently underwent partial mastectomy and axillary dissection. After completing adjuvant radiation therapy (breast, 50Gy), she received trastuzumab administration (4mg/kg) but hepatotoxicity (aspartate aminotransferase 47U/L, alanine aminotransferase 102U/L, alkaline phosphatase 377U/L, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase 91U/L) recurred. Thus, it was discontinued again. There was no hepatitis B or C virus infection, and a drug-induced lymphocyte stimulation test revealed a positive reaction to trastuzumab (stimulation index: 227%). Thereafter she has used only oral letrozole (2.5mg/day) and no recurrent cancer has been observed.

Conclusions

Although trastuzumab is a highly safe drug, one must be mindful of its risk for hepatotoxicity. Periodic monitoring of liver functions is necessary during trastuzumab therapy.

Find in the abstract:

·         Background

·         Why is it important

·         Needs to be reported

Answer the questions:

1.       Is this the first report of this kind in the literature?

2.       What are brief details of what the patient(s) presented with?

3.       What the reader should learn from the case report?

4.       What the clinical impact will be?

5.       Is it an original case report of interest to a particular clinical specialty of medicine?

6.       Will it have a broader clinical impact across medicine?

7.       Are any teaching points identified?

Follow-up

·         Why abstract is the most important part for case published in electronic databases?

·         What are basics of abstract writing?