"Лучший проект на иностранном языке" PROJECT on the topic: "ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF THE ECOLOGY OF MY DISTRICT"

Министерство образования и науки Республики Дагестан;

ГБОУ  ДПО  РД "Дагестанский институт развития образования"

"Лучший проект на иностранном языке"

PROJECT

on the topic:

"ACTUAL  PROBLEMS  OF  THE  ECOLOGY  OF  MY  DISTRICT"

Автор проекта:

·       Набиева Мадина Ахмедрасуловна, ученица 11 "а"класса, МКОУ  СОШ  №8, г. Кизилюрт, Кизилюртовский район

Руководитель:

·       Гусейнова Юлия Андреевна, учитель английского языка, МКОУ  СОШ  №8

г.Кизилюрт 2017 год

Contents:

1. Introduction.

2. The main part.

2.1. Water is life.

2.2. The useful and miraculous power of water.

2.3. The source of centralized water supply of the city of Kizilyurt.

2.4. Problems of water resources use in the city and the water protection zone of the Sulak River.

3. Conclusion.

4. Literature.

The aim of the project is to realize the research and creative potential in solving the problem of clean water.

Tasks:

1. Conduct an independent environmental study.

2. To draw attention of the city administration in solving the problem of "clean water".

3. Develop recommendations for cleaning and saving potable water.

Methods of research:

search, research, comparative, sociological.

Object of study:

the Sulak River, the water supply and water purification system of the city of Kizilyurt.

Subjects of research:

water from the river Sulak, water from a water tap in the city.

1. Introduction.

The quality of drinking water is one of the main problems of the 21st century. According to the current standards, drinking water must be safe in epidemiological and radiation respect, harmless in chemical composition. The epidemiological state of the region, the soil, the quality of communication - all these problems affect the quality of our water.

Ecologically clean drinking water is the most important food product, as it directly affects human health. We need to know what kind of water we drink.

In the houses and schools of our city, water comes through a water pipe from the water station, where it comes from the reservoir.

I want to believe that she gets the necessary cleaning before she flows through the pipes to the consumer. We try - the water tastes like an oxidizer mixed. We decided to check. I made homemade filtration to the cylinder through the lid, making a hole, put the bottle, covered the neck with cotton wool, poured water. I noticed that while a liter of water was dripping, the cotton wool of the filter became dirty gray, with a mucus that was unpleasant to the touch.

Yes!!! What is the state of the human body after taking such water?

Think: this is used for cooking, for washing, for living, etc. how much negative we currently get only from dirty water. After all, water is needed for man more than bread.

      Prolonged use of untreated and poor-quality water leads to liver disease, increases the risk of heart attacks, serious chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, especially in children. Also, the incidence of infectious diseases and skin diseases increases because high iron content in water leads to unfavorable effects on the skin, it can affect the blood composition, promotes the appearance of allergic reactions (which is confirmed by the medical statistics of the region). Therefore, many people began to drive to nearby springs to collect water, at least, for drinking. But the question arises about the condition of the springs at the present time !!!

We had a question, and put forward a hypothesis: is it possible to solve the problem of clean water in the city of Kizilyurt?

2. The main part.

2.1. After studying the history, it can be said that much attention is paid to the water, the springs, from which water is collected.

 They were associated with various legends, customs of the local population, they were given their day of the calendar, they were mentioned in literary works, and people considered water to be a life-giving force.

2.2.   I remember my great-grandmother, to remove the fear of people for a procedure or ritual used the power of water and fire, said that you need to collect water from nine springs, early in the morning when nature wakes up. To the springs it was necessary to go silently, not entering into conversation with the counter-people. This meant that you should be clean from negative energy to get charity energy from the water. And the legends and tales of "alive" and along the river "dead" water! And now the cult of water will not disappear. Continuing to believe in the useful miraculous power of water, people are trying to find a way through the natural outlet of the upper, groundwater, the withdrawal of artesian waters to the surface.

2.3. At present, the source of the centralized water supply system in Kizilyurt is mainly the surface waters of the Sulak River with water intake from the Miatlin reservoir (formerly from the Chiryurtovsky)

located near the city. Some enterprises use ground water for water supply.

In general, Kizilyurt and Kizilyurtovsky district in terms of the explored reserves of groundwater in their territories can be characterized as secured. On the territory of the city there is a water protection zone of 267 hectares. The Sulak River has a water protection zone of 200 m. from the axis of the river. However, there is a massive land squatting along the river, the construction of entertainment complexes, car washes. These sites are located close to the Sulak River. After cultivation of agricultural crops pesticides and mineral fertilizers are used. This has a significant negative impact on the ecological state of the river, in water protection zones. Shivers run through the body from the thought that a thirsty traveler can not get drunk with the water of mighty Sulak, where numerous springs flow from the highest peaks of the mountains to their foot. How many car washes, how many gas stations, where dangerous water flows from without purification into the waters of the Sulak River, and how many entrepreneurs are engaged in the production of construction slag-bearing blocks in the water protection zone of the river!

Hence the following conclusions are drawn:

1. Irrational use of water resources on the territory of the city, on the water protection zone.

2. Intentionally contaminating water bodies (as I can say, because I see what's going on around the city, on the bank of the Sulak River, which belongs to the city).

3. Non-compliance with regimes in the territory of the sanitary water protection zone of the river.

4. Lack of proper effective control over the use of water and its quality.

2.4.  In the beginning, I mentioned the quality of water supplied by water to our apartments, schools (after drinking water from a tap in the school, the stomach hurts a week).

The quality of water, protection of water resources from pollution is associated with treatment facilities. When they visited OCS-1 and OKS-2 (sewage treatment plant) they could not come to their senses for a long time. According to the workers, the equipment is obsolete and can not completely clean the sewage water completely. The facilities have been in operation since 1975.

Productivity of treatment facilities 4 thousand cubic meters. m per day, and the volume of incoming water in the purification system is 15-16 thousand cubic meters. m per day. Specific daily average water drainage of daily water is 270 l / h.

We were told that the WWS, providing the city of Kizilyurt and partially the town of Makhachkala, is located 400 meters from the "Caucasus" section to the south-west.

According to the conducted actions, it was found out that the construction of a water pipeline with a diameter of 820 mm from the Makhachkala sewage treatment plant to the city buildings was completed.

Dear responsible persons for the quality of drinking water!

Why, after the temporary cut-off of the supply of drinking water, when the water is turned on again, the water flows from the faucets in a gray-brown color, the cranes fail, because the turbidity settles in them, and we need a day to make the water become transparent again! And also in the city not all built-up areas are provided with ventilation ducts. They make up more than 50%. This again alarm! Risk of contamination of surface water! And in nearby settlements, in factories and buildings there is no OSK, and raw water flows into the river, the channels of the river.

The solution to this problem is in the development of investment mechanisms for the construction and operation of sewerage systems in such territories.

We recommend:

1. To find special investment mechanisms for the construction and operation of separate WWS for the city of Kizilyurt of a separate water conduit from the reservoir for the city. If you do the calculations, it will be much more profitable than buying water from Makhachkala's GorVodokanal.

2. Around the city and in the city there are so many enterprises and organizations that use water, not observing the existing norms of SANPIN for the protection of fresh water.

With their help renew the equipment of OKS - 1, and auxiliary OKS - 2, OKS, located within the city.

3. Establish benefits for kindergartens and schools in payment for used water, because the heads of these institutions close the water in order to save money. It does not go up even to the second floor, and to drink water, children go to the bathroom, which is inadmissible according to the norms of SANPIN.

 3. Сonclusion.

Is it possible to solve the problem of clean water in Kizilyurt? We believe that it is possible! After all, a lot depends on us - schoolchildren, local people, entrepreneurs, specialists, ie. the workforce with which it is possible to save and preserve our Sulak River, make its water resources useful for people and for farmland, and for the animal kingdom.

Studies of many world scientists (Russian, German, Swiss) indicate a favorable effect of pure spring water per person. Frequent visits and stay (at least 30 minutes) near the murmuring water contribute to the removal of mental stress, normalization of blood pressure, stabilization of the autonomic nervous system. This is due to the favorable noise range of water, the surrounding landscape and the aura that water creates. So, let's organize volunteers' teams of young ecologists, who will monitor the cleanliness of the banks and river bed. We will carry out explanatory work among the population, using the mass media (TV, newspaper). And most importantly, we will pray for those who are responsible for the organizational activities and financing of vital facilities, like the water pipeline, USC.

I want to believe that wealthy people will come to their senses and want to make voluntary donations to such facilities. And the problem of protecting water pesours will be solved for the future generation of our beautiful city of Kizilyurt.

4. Literature:

1. The data is stat. report on the state of health in the region,

2. Data of materials from the newspapers "Kizilyurtovskie Vesti" of different years of the publication,

3. Results of interviews with workers of sewage treatment plants and city water distribution channel in Kizilyurt.