Modal verbs. 11 класс (теория)

11 class

MODAL VERBS

Don’t use to after modal verbs (with the exception of ought to).

CAN

We can use can in affirmative sentences when we talk    about a genera/ possibility of something happening. Also use can to talk about that someone has the ability to do something.

The temperature car sometimes reach 35°C in July. Mountain daisies can be yellow or red.

Tom can speak five languages.

Use can especially with verbs: see, hear. smell, taste, feel, remember, understand.

He usually speaks in a low voice but everybody can understand every word.

COULD

The past form of can is could.

When Tom was 16, he could run 100 metres in 11 seconds.

Use could in offers and asking permission to be more polite.

Could you please repeat it again?

Use could to talk about possible future happenings. There could be another rise in the price of petrol soon.

Use could have done to say that somebody had the opportunity to do something but did not do it and something could but did not happen.

Why did you stay in a hotel? You could have stayed with Tom.

He was lucky when he fell off the ladder. Hc could have hurt himself.

TO BE ABLE TO DO SOMETHING

If you talk that someone managed to do something in one particular situation, use to be able to do something.

The fire spread through the building very quickly but everyone was able to escape.

MUST

Use must to say that it is necessary to do something. I must call Ann. I haven’t heard from her for ages.

Use must to say that you are sure that something is true.

Tom knows a lot about films. He must go to the cinema a lot.

I hear your examinations are next week. You must be studying hard at the moment.

What do I have to do to join your club?

Have you ever had to go to hospital?

Use must have done for the suggestions in the past.

The phone rang but I didn’t heard it. I must have been asleep.

I made a lot of noise when I came home last night. You must have heard me.

MAY AND MIGHT

Use may and might to say that something is possible. He may be in the office.

He might be in the office.

Use may have done and might have done to say that something was possible in the past.

I can’t find my bag anywhere. I may have left it in the shop.

Ann didn’t answer the door bell. She might have been having the bath.

NEED

Use need to talk that it is necessary to do something. You’ve got plenty of time. You needn’t hurry.

Use needn’t have done something when someone did something but it wasn’t necessary to do. You had plenty of time. You needn 't have hurried.

SHOULD

Use should to talk when:

—      you think is a good thing to do or the right thing to do.

The government should support disabled and old people better.

Should we invite Sue to the party?

— you ask for or give a opinion about something. I don’t think you should work so hard.

— after the verbs: suggest, propose, recommend, insist, demand.

They insisted that we should have dinner with them. or

They insisted that we had dinner with them.

Use should have done something to say that someone did the wrong think.

I’m feeling sick. I shouldn’t have eaten so much sweets yesterday.

OUGHT TO

Ought to is the same as should.

The government ought to support disabled and old people better. The builders oughf to have finished the week by the end of the week

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