ЗАДАНИЯ
РАЗДЕЛ 1
Тема 1.1. Приветствие, прощание, представление себя и других людей в официальной и неофициальной обстановке
Теоретический материал
Значение глагола to be - "быть, находиться". В отличие от других английских глаголов, глагол to be спрягается (т.е. изменяется по лицам и числам).
I am |
я есть (существую) |
He / She / It is |
он, она, оно есть (существует) |
We are |
мы есть (существуем) |
You are |
ты, вы есть (существуете) |
Тhey are |
они есть (существуют) |
Упражнение 1. Write in is / isn’t, are / aren’t, am / ’m not.
1. I __________ lazy.
2. My friend ___________ naughty.
3. My granny___________ kind.
4. My granddad ___________clever.
5. My teachers___________ funny.
6. I___________ a bad pupil.
Упражнение 2. Fill in is, are, He’s, She’s, l’m, They’re.
1. How _____ your mum? — _______ fine, thanks.
2. How _____ your parents? — _____ OK.
3. How _____ you? — _____ very well, thank you.
4. How _____ your uncle? — _____ fine, thanks.
5. How _____ your children? — _____ OK.
6. How _____ Liz? — _____ fine, thanks.
7. How _____ your cousin? — _____ very well, thank you
Упражнение 3. Write in am /’m not, is / isn’t or are / aren’t.
1. I _____ a businessman.
2. I _____ a pupil.
3. My friends_____ teachers.
4. My uncle_____ a driver.
5. My parents _____ doctors.
6. My cousins _____ vets.
7. My mum _____ a shop-assistant.
Упражнение 4. Write in is /are
1. How much ________ the trousers?
2. How much ________ these shorts?
3. How much ________ a pair of socks?
4. How much ________ this scarf?
5. How much ________ this dress?
6. How much ________ the jeans?
Упражнение 5. Write in is / are
1. These trousers _______ £30.
2. This hat _______ £5.
3. The socks _______£3.
4. How much _______ the shoes?
5. How much _______ the jacket?
Упражнение 6. Write in was / were
1. _________ Jenny at the party?
2. _________ Lumpy quiet yesterday?
3. _________ you in Kongo?
4. _________ your parents in the local gym yesterday?
5. _________ your friend at school yesterday?
6. _________ you happy yesterday?
Упражнение 7. Write in was / were
1. _______ your mum tired yesterday?
2. _______ you hungry yesterday evening?
3. _______ it cold yesterday?
4. _______ your teacher sad yesterday?
5. _______ your pet hungry yesterday?
Упражнение 8. Write in was / were
The third day _______ Wednesday. The boys _______ in the swimming-pool. Steve _______ the fastest swimmer! On Thursday we _______ at the circus! The bears _______ funny! The fifth day _______ Friday. In the morning we _______ in the zoo.
Теоретический материал
Предложение – это отдельное высказывание, имеющее интонационную и смысловую законченность. Предложением называется слово или группа слов, организованные по правилам грамматики, которые несут определённое сообщение, вопрос, восклицание или побуждение к действию.
It’s raining. – Идет дождь.
Go outside! – Выйди на улицу!
What are you doing? – Что ты делаешь?
Предложения английского языка, как и в русском языке, в зависимости от того, сколько грамматических основ (сочетаний подлежащего и сказуемого) в предложении, делятся на простые и сложные предложения.
Простые предложения
There is my house. – Это мой дом.
I have to go to the university. – Я должен пойти в университет.
Simple sentence (простое предложение) – это предложение, в котором есть только одна грамматическая основа (одно сочетание подлежащего и сказуемого).
Kate likes dogs. – Кейт любит собак.
We go jogging every Sunday. – Мы ходим на пробежку каждое воскресенье.
They didn’t go to school last year. – Они не ходили в школу в прошлом году.
Все простые предложения, в зависимости от цели высказывания, могут быть повествовательные, вопросительные, повелительные, восклицательные.
My name is Paul. – Меня зовут Пол.
Kate is good at cooking. – Кейт хорошо готовит.
I don’t like honey. – Я не люблю мед.
George hasn’t finished his work yet. – Джордж еще не закончил свою работу.
Interrogative sentence (вопросительное предложение) – предложение, которое выражает вопрос. Они образуются с помощью непрямого порядка слов (сказуемое перед подлежащим), а также вопросительных слов. Подробно вопросительные предложения рассмотрены в статье типы вопросов.
Who is there? – Кто там?
What are you doing now? – Что ты сейчас делаешь?
Do you like learning English? – Тебе нравится учить английский язык?
Imperative sentence (повелительное предложение) – предложение, которое побуждает собеседника к действию, то есть выражает приказ, просьбу, команду, приглашение и т.д. В таких предложениях часто опускается подлежащее you (ты, вы), так как оно понятно из контекста, глагол используется только в форме инфинитива без частицы to.
Watch this! – Посмотри-ка на это!
Listen to me. – Послушайте меня.
Go and buy some bread, please. – Пойди купи хлеба, пожалуйста.
Exclamatory sentence (восклицательное предложение) – предложение, выражающее определенные эмоции или чувства. Часто такие предложения начинаются со слов what и how, а заканчиваются восклицательным знаком.
В восклицательных предложениях используется только прямой порядок слов. Однако, часто предложение может состоять только из одного-двух слов.
Marvelous! – Чудесно! (также с оттенком сарказма)
How wonderful! – Как замечательно!
It’s such a beautiful life! – Как же прекрасна жизнь!
What a lovely day it is. – Какой же замечательный день сегодня.
Простые предложения по своей структуре (наличию или отсутствию некоторых членов предложения) подразделяются на двусоставные и односоставные, а также на нераспространенные и распространенные.
Unextended sentence (нераспространенное предложение) – предложение, в котором нет второстепенных членов предложения, а есть только грамматическая основа. Нераспространенными могут быть как односоставные, так и двусоставные предложения.
Spring. – Весна.
To live! – Жить!
Don’t talk! – Не болтай!
She is sleeping. – Она спит.
Matt is a student. – Мэтт - студент.
Extended sentence (распространенное предложение) – предложение, в котором есть один или несколько второстепенных членов предложения, зависящих от подлежащего или сказуемого.
Beautiful spring! – Прекрасная весна!
Don’t talk to me now! – Не разговаривай со мной сейчас!
My little sister is sleeping upstairs. – Моя маленькая сестра спит наверху.
Matt is not really a good student. – Мэтт – не очень хороший студент.
Безличное предложение. В любом английском предложении есть действующее лицо, поэтому если в русском предложении его нет, поставьте его сами. Для этого используйте местоимения it и they. Глагол to be исполняет роль сказуемого, а роль подлежащего принадлежит местоимению it. Местоимение it исполняет функцию подлежащего всегда и везде (в любых типах безличных предложений).Чтобы лучше понять принцип образования безличных предложений, разъясним ситуацию на примерах:
Осень => It is autumn.
Скоро наступит весна => It will be spring soon.
Тепло => It is warm.
Холодно => It is cold.
Жарко => It is hot.
Летом будет прохладно => It will be cool in summer.
Вечерело => It was getting dark.
Упражнение 9. Расставьте слова в правильном порядке.
1. Sunday,
went, to the Zoo, we, on.
2. How, do, have, pets, they, many?
3. Not, I, will, see, friend, soon, my.
4. he, what, do, will, weekends, at?
5. Uses, the, at, work, he, computer.
6. does, he, not, know, the girl.
7. English, they, not, do, study.
8. was, I, not, school, at, yesterday.
9. there, many, people, in, the, were, park.
10. at, cinema, the, were, they, week, last.
Упражнение 10. Переделайте предложения на отрицательные или вопросительные.
0 It’s Thursday today. (question) Is it Thursday today?
1 She is at home. (negative) ___________________________________________
2 Anna is hungry. (question) __________________________________________
3 This answer is wrong. (negative) _____________________________________
4 Your sister works in the morning. (question) ____________________________
5 Katy likes tennis. (negative) _________________________________________
6 They watch T.V. in the afternoon. (negative) ____________________________
7 They eat vegetables. (question) _______________________________________
8 Max drinks coffee. (question) _____________________________________
9 We play basketball at the weekend. (negative) ___________________________
10 George wants to go to the cinema. (question) ____________________________
Упражнение
11. Переведите
предложения в Present Simple на английский язык. Не забывайте от том, что
порядок слов в английском предложении ПРЯМОЙ.
1. Я каждый день хожу на работу.
2. В 7 часов я встаю.
3. Мой брат вечером читает.
4. Я хорошо говорю по-английски.
5. Конфеты я люблю!
6. Моя сестра любит собак.
7. Дети каждый день играют с собакой.
8. Приходим домой мы обычно в 2 часа.
Упражнение 11. Найдите подлежащее в каждом предложении.
It is going to rain tonight — Сегодня вечером будет дождь.
To everyone's surprise, the album was selling very slowly — К всеобщему удивлению, альбом продавался очень вяло.
My friend's dog likes carrots — У моего друга собака любит морковку.
Snow removal in rural areas is often delayed — Уборка снега в сельской местности часто задерживается.
Упражнение 12. Переведите предложения
1. Невозможно справиться со всем этим за одну неделю.
2. Это сделать легко.
3. Мне трудно говорить. Жарко.
4. Уже поздно делать домашнее задание.
5. Далеко от берега.
Тема 1.2. Описание человека
Упражнение 1. Вставьте is или are.
1. There _____ two cups of tea on the table.
2. There _____ some milk in the cup.
3. There _____ an orange in the salad.
4. There _____ six balls in the box.
5. There _____ some cheese on the plate.
6. There ______ a blue chair at the door.
Упражнение 2. Write in There's / There’re.
1. _________ some sandwiches in the fridge.
2. _________ a biscuit on the plate.
3. _________ some jam on the table.
4. _________ some cornflakes in the cupboard.
5. _________ some sugar in the glass.
6. _________ two cups of tea on the table.
Упражнение 3. Напиши каждое предложение в отрицательной и вопросительной форме.
1. There are many pupils in the classroom.
2. There is some meat on the plate.
3. There are four parks in the city.
Упражнение 4. Составь и запиши предложения.
1. pears / there / ten / in the / are / bag / .
2. aren’t / pupils / there / classroom / in the / .
3. an egg / on the / there / plate / is / ?
4. on the / there / a / cat / chair / is / white / .
5. a turtle / on / there / isn’t / farm / this / .
6. at the / two / bikes / door / are / there / ?
Упражнение 5. Circle the correct word. Give short answers about your room.
1. Is / Are there a sofa in the room? ______________________
2. Is / Are there any chairs? ______________________
3. Is / Are there any lamps? ______________________
4. Is / Are there a wardrobe in the room? ______________________
5. Is / Are there two armchairs? ______________________
6. Is / Are there a carpet on the floor? ______________________
РАЗДЕЛ 2
Тема 2.1. Семья и семейные отношения, домашние обязанности
Complete the sentence with a, an, the or ‘zero article’.
0 What’s that? It’s an apple.
1 Robbie doesn’t drink _____ tea.
2 Look! There’s _____ aeroplane taking off.
3 Barbara plays _____ violin.
4 Can you see _____ moon?
5 He’s found _____ old book in the library.
6 I haven’t got _____ pen.
7 Do you like _____ sugar?
8 He went to _____ hospital for two weeks.
9 A cheetah is _____ fastest animal in the world.
10 Are you interested in _____ music?
A dolphin, a fly, a dress, a shoe, a diary, a cake, a strawberry, a sandwich, a toy, a fox, a garden, a ray, a piano, an enemy, a branch, a wish, a coin, an ability.
-s |
-es |
-ies |
Напишите во множественном числе существительные — исключения (What are these irregular plurals):
woman –
mouse –
tooth –
foot –
man –
child –
goose –
ox –
Образуйте форму единственного числа у существительных, стоящих во множественном числе ):
glasses –
potatoes –
forget-me-nots –
crises –
stimuli –
foxes –
brushes –
brothers-in-law –
phenomena –
formulae –
data —
Тема 2.3. Описание жилища и учебного заведения (здание, обстановка, техническое оборудование, условия)
Вопросы:
1. Какие вспомогательные глаголы используются в Present Simple, Past Simple и Future Simple?
2. Какие формы глаголов используются в Present Simple, Past Simple и Future Simple (+)?
3. Какие окончания добавляются к глаголам в Present Simple, Past Simple и Future Simple (+)?
4. Сохраняются ли окончания в (-) и (?) предложениях? Какие правила про окончания вы помните?
Copy the sentences and note if they refer to the present, past or future. Write the tense against each sentence.
Example: He cut his finger with a knife. (Simple Past)
1. He often cuts himself.
2. What time did John arrive?
3. I never forget anything.
4. Are you sitting comfortably?
5. We drank a lot of Coke at the party.
6. It was raining all night.
7. The train will leave in a few minutes.
8. I put on a clean shirt yesterday.
Закончите предложения. Используйте Present Simple, Past Simple и Future Simple.
1. We often … (play) basketball.
2. I … (spend) next holidays very well (хорошо).
3. Tomorrow he … (spend) money and … (buy) a new CD.
4. They … (go) abroad last month.
5. We … (go) to football matches every year.
6. She … (go) shopping yesterday evening.
7. He … (miss) his parents last month.
8. She … (make) cakes every day.
9. They … (ask ) a lot of questions next week.
10. We … (discuss) texts at the lesson tomorrow.
Тема 2.4. Описание местоположения объекта (адрес, как найти)
Раскрыть скобки и поставить глаголы в нужном времени
1. Before John (to start) for London he (to come) to my place to say good-bye.
2. You ( to invite) Tom to our party when you ( to see) him?
3. Your granny ( to be amazed) when you ( to see ) the view.
4. I ( to catch) the train if I (to take) a taxi?
5. You ( not to go) until I (to know) the truth.
6. You ( to phone) me as soon as you arrive in London?
7. If Ann ( to look after) the luggage, I (to buy) the tickets.
8. What he ( to do) if he ( to fail) his exam?
9. You ( to have) a bicycle of your own when you (to be) older.
10. If a beggar ( to ask) you for money, you (to give) him any?
Выберите в скобках верный вариант союза времени. Переведите предложения.
1. Please, call me ... (while/as soon as/till) you arrive at the station.
2. ... (Until/After/Before) going to sleep, she likes reading a book for an hour or so.
3. Don’t sit down ... (until/after/while) we ask you.
4. The house became empty ... (after/before/until) they left.
5. I won’t start my journey ... (when/while/until) he pays all my expenses.
6. ... (As soon as/While/Before) he was making a fire, it started raining.
7. ... (While/Till/As soon as) we get married, we’ll move to another place.
8. Turn off the light ... (before/when/while) the lesson is over.
9. You should read this paper ... (before/until/while) you express your opinion.
10. We won’t start our dinner ... (after/until/as soon as) Richard arrives.
Соедините два простых предложения в одно сложное, используя предложенный союз в скобках.
Например: Don’t call your uncle. First I’ll tell you. (till) – Don’t call your uncle till I tell you. (Не звони своему дяде, пока я не скажу тебе.)
1. Tom will come in a minute. Then I will go to the chemist’s. (as soon as)
2. I will come home soon. I want to have a foam bath. (when)
3. We are moving to Miami. Then we’ll invite you to our house. (after)
4. You will need my car. But first let me know. (before)
5. Alice will be picking up the berries. Sam will be cutting the grass. (while)
6. She will have finished her homework in half an hour. Then she will go for a walk. (after)
7. Dad will have repaired the van by Saturday. Then we’ll travel to the lakes. (as soon as)
8. You must clean your teeth. Then you may go to bed. (until)
9. I will get my salary next week. Then I will buy a new smart phone. (when)
10. First wait for the green light on. Then you can cross the street. (before)
Тема 2.5. Досуг, хобби
Вспомните, как строятся вопросы и ответы в Present Simple и Present Continuous.
1. …………………… you usually wear jeans? — Yes, …………………………
2. ……………………. you wearing jeans now?- Yes, …………………………
3. ……………………. he wear the shoes in winter? — Yes, ………………………..
4. ……………………. he wearing a cap? — Yes, …………………………
5. ……………………. your sister wear T-shirts? — No, …………………………
6. ……………………. he doing his homework? — No, …………………………
7. ……………………. they watching TV? — No, …………………………
8…………………….. they watch TV in the morning?
— No, …………………………
1. Helen … (to wash) the dishes for fifteen minutes.
2. My classmates … (to write) a dictation since the beginning of the lesson.
3. Sam … (to drive) a car for five hours now.
4. I … (to look) for information on the subject since last Friday.
5. Molly … (to paint) this picture for three days now.
6. The tourists … (to do) the sightseeing since nine o’clock.
7. You … (to work) as a computer programmer for more than fifteen years.
8. The wind … (to blow) since yesterday.
9. My grandfather … (to collect) coins since he was a boy.
10. Andy and Den … (to discuss) the plans for their winter holidays for two hours now.
Поставьте глаголы в скобках в Present Perfect.
1. He _____ (finish) training.
2. She _____ (score) twenty points in the match.
3. We _____ (watch) all the Champions League matches this season.
4. That's amazing! She _____ (run) fifteen kilometers this morning!
5. She _____ (buy) some really nice rollerblades!
6. Oh, no! I _____ (lose) my money!
7. My mum _____ (write) shopping list. It's on the kitchen table.
8. Dad, you _____ (eat) my biscuit!
9. I’m tired. I _____ (watch) three X-Files videos.
10. Hurry up! They _____ (start) the film!
Пользуясь опорными словами, a также словами for и since составьте предложения в Present Perfect Simple.
1. Kate/be/in bed/a long time.
2. She / not eat / anything / this morning.
3. She / not see / her friends / a week.
4. She / stay / at home / Tuesday.
5. She / have / a red nose / three days.
6. She / not play / basketball / last weekend.
7. She / not do / any school work / Monday.
Заполните письмо Джейн глаголами в Present Perfect. Complete Jane's letter to her American friend. Use the Present Perfect Tense.
Dear Amy
I _____ (1 not have) a letter from you for a long time. _____ (2 you lose) my address? I bought the new Steps CD at the weekend. I _____ (3 already listen) to it. _____ (4 you hear) it yet? It’s brilliant. There’s a new video too, but I _____ (5 not see) it yet.
School is going OK. I _____ (6 just finish) some exams, but the holidays _____ (7 not start) yet. We’re going to Ireland. I _____ (8 never be) there.
Write soon with your news.
Love
Jane
Тема 2.6. Магазины, товары, совершение покупок
Вставьте неопределенные местоимения. Переведите предложения.
1. I have to tell you ... interesting.
2. Mike didn’t tell ... where he was going.
3. Your mum is right. ... she says is true.
4. We know ... about the accident. Please, give us some information about it.
5. Bob said ... in Japanese but I didn’t understand ... .
6. It’s so dark in the room. I can see ... here.
7. Can I try one of your skirts on? – Sure. You can try on ... you like.
8. My grandfather taught me ... he knew.
9. I am afraid that ... is wrong with my car.
10. You should go to the supermarket. We have ... to eat.
11. Is there ... nice on TV tonight?
12. My old neighbor has a very bad memory. He remembers ... .
13. How is your brother? – He is getting better now. ... is all right.
14. What would you like to drink? - ..., thanks. I’m not thirsty.
15. Give me some bread, please. – Here you are. ... else?
16. It was too late and we could do ... to save the dog.
17. God! I can’t find ... in such a mess!
18. My new electric stove is just fantastic! I can cook ... in it now.
Тема 2.8. Родной край, история родного края, достопримечательности, выдающиеся личности Луганщины, мой родной город (поселок, село)
Выберите из скобок подходящий вариант.
1. We have asked them both but … (neither/both) of them knows his address.
2. He has lived in Milan and Madrid but he didn’t like … (either/neither) of the cities much.
3. She is very slim. I think she is … (either/neither) a sportsman … (or/nor) a model.
4. Anna never works all day. She works … (either/neither) in the morning … (or/nor) after lunch.
5. He has 2 cars, but I don’t like … (either/neither) of them.
6. She couldn’t choose between them, she liked them … (both/either).
7. You can take … (either/neither) a bus or a train to get to Oxford.
8. Would you like fish or chicken? - It doesn’t matter. … (Either/Both) will do for me.
9. Would you like apple juice or orange juice? - … (Either/Neither), thanks. I don’t like juice.
10. Would you like some salad or some steak? - … (Either/Both). I’m so hungry.
11. Doesn’t he use … (either/neither) of his phones?
12. My old granny could … (either/neither) read … (or/nor) write.
13. … (Either/Neither) of them invited me, so I didn’t go there.
14. You should keep … (either/both) hands on the steering wheel.
15. I don’t like horror films, and my husband doesn’t like … (either/neither).
16. … (Either/Both) my mother and father have green eyes.
17. I asked two friends to help me with the test, but … (either/neither) of them knew the answer.
18. Her dress was … (either/both) black or brown.
19. Please ask … (either/neither) Fred or Linda to buy some milk.
20. We can meet … (either/neither) today … (or/nor) tomorrow. I am terribly busy.
1. I am afraid I shall be late.
2. Do you think we shall pick all the apples in three days?
3. He hopes you will often visit him.
4. They expect he will be at home in a few days.
5. Are you afraid we shan’t be in time?
6. She promises that she will finish the work in a week.
7. I think Henry will help us.
8. I hope we’ll enjoy the show.
9. She expects he’ll win the race.
Тема 2.9. Англоязычные страны, географическое положение, климат, флора и фауна. Национальные символы, государственное и политическое устройство, наиболее развитые отрасли экономики, достопримечательности, обычаи и традиции англоязычных стран
Active or passive? Choose the correct verb form.
1. The book (wrote/was written) by Hardy.
2. Four people (have killed/have been killed) in a train crash.
3. A famous architect (was built/built) the bridge.
4. The house (bought/was bought) by a pop star.
5. Local police (have been arrested/have arrested) the bank robber.
6. I (arrived/was arrived) last Friday.
7. The room (will clean/will be cleaned) later.
8. "Did you go to the party?" "No, I (didn't invite/ wasn't invited)."
9. It's a big company. It (is employed/employs) two hundred people.
10. Tom (has lost/has been lost) his key.
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct passive form.
1. When the telephone (invent)?
2. I can't give you these articles. They (translate) now.
3. The letter (write) tomorrow.
4. English (speak) all over the world.
5. She showed me the picture that (painted) by her husband.
6. My dress is clean now. It (wash).
7. All the questions on the paper must (answer).
8. These houses (built) in 1500.
9. Tomorrow by 3 o'clock everything (prepare).
10. Rugby (play) since 1845.
Тема 2.10. Национальные символы, государственное и политическое устройство, наиболее развитые отрасли экономики, достопримечательности, обычаи и традиции англоязычных стран
Составить ситуацию, используя данные предложения.
1. Mother wants me to get good marks at school. We know him to speak Spanish well. Would you like me to help you with Math.The teacher expected the students to hand in the tests at once. –I’d like you to smile
2. Don’t make me drink milk, I hate it! In my childhood my parents made me learn to play the piano. Let the children play in the park, the weather is wonderful.
Тема 2.12. Научно-технический прогресс
You start working as a journalist in a Fashion magazine. You have only started and you are already given an article, and, more over – for an English branch of your edition! Of course you want to make it sound exact, precise and “English-like”. So, you translate it into English using the Infinitive and the Infinitive Constructions where possible. By the way, you write several letters that evening, and, of course, answer the telephone.
1 . They want (to take)
to the concert by their father.
2 . I am glad (to do) all the homework
yesterday.
3 . This plant is known (to produce) tractors.
4 . He wants his son (to become) a lawyer.
5 . The enemy army was reported (to overthrow)
the defense lines and (to advance) towards the suburbs of the city.
6 . He seems (to know) French very well: he is
said (to spend) his youth in Paris.
1. I think you ought … apologize.
2. Make him … speak louder.
3. Help me … carry this bag.
4. My son asked me … let him … go to the
theatre.
5. I must … go to the country.
6. It cannot … be done to-day.
7. She asked me … read the letter carefully and
… write an answer.
8. The man told me not … walk on the grass.
9. Let me … help you with your work.
10. She ought … take care of her health.
11. We had better … stop to rest a little.
12. I don’t know what … do.
2.
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