Методическая разработка по английскому языку на тему "Правила чтения"

Тема: Правила чтения

Цель: повторить особенности в произношении английского языка, алфавит, правила чтения.

Task 1. Repeat the alphabet.

Task 2. Repeat the rules of reading.

Правила чтения гласных букв

В английском языке 5 гласных букв: A, E, O, I, U. Буква Y считается полугласной, но мы для удобства поместили ее в таблицу с правилами чтения гласных. Данные правила применяются только для ударных гласных.

Примеры 

·         Открытый слог: same, mice, rice, type, tune, shy, say, hay, name, nine, nice, game, came, make, Kate, Pete, five, tie, life, me, size, no, smoke, rose, nose, cry, home, tube, sky

·         Закрытый слог: cap, pen, bed, ten, not, spot, lot, bad, rat, sit, send, test, pit, in, send, spell, tin, less, ban, mad, fat, Sam, land, did, fit, sat, pet, tin, slip, sad, glad, bag, jam, can, Jack, cup, run

·         Гласная + r: hard, car, card, cart, fork, work,  sort, term, first, curl,  her, turn, girl, sir, burn, turn, word, born, torn, bird, form, herb

·         Гласная + r + e: here, pure, rare , cure, during, mare, fire, bare, stare ,tire, store, core, more, care

Правила чтения согласных букв

В английском языке 20 согласных букв. В произношении английских согласных звуков имеются особенности.

В английском языке не происходит оглушения согласных . Замена звонкого согласного на парный глухой может привести к смешению слов, т.к. в английском языке есть сходные по звучанию слова, разница между которыми заключается только в произношении конечной согласной: bat [bæt] летучая мышь — bad [bæd] плохой mad [mæd] сумасшедший – mat [mæt] коврик.

Согласные всегда произносятся твердо.

Удвоенные согласные произносятся как один звук: spelling [`speliŋ]

Согласные буквы, имеющие два варианта чтения

Сочетания согласных

Сочетания согласных с гласными

Task 3. Read correctly.

·         dive five mine site bike line wide tie

·         go hope, note, code nose rose so stone

·         cube cute flute music tune fume, June, huge

·         byte dry type sky spy, cry

·         at  hat apple cap back map  cat  Pat        flag pan

·         egg leg red ten end pet met net pen hen

·         tip six pin film win kiss is pig big him his it win

·         Am date face gate name plate game bake escape

·         gyp Syn syntax lynx myth

·         bus but nut cut sun hug ugly

·         put bull pull Ku Klux Klan push

·         see he she we be Pete tea sea theme

Task 4. Familiarize yourself with the content of the text.

On Learning English

Learning English is like learning to swim or learning to play ball. We learn to swim by swimming, to play ball by playing ball, and to speak English by speaking English.

A good ball-player spends hours, days, months, and even years practising. The more he practises, the better he plays. He has to learn to meet the situations of the game as they arise and react to them immediately. And so it is when we are talking.

The ideas we wish to express come instantly to our mind, but there is no time for us to stop and think of how to put together the words we need. Acquiring the ability to use a language automatically, that is without stopping to think, is a process of habit formation. Forming a habit, any kind of habit, requires much practice.

Every language has patterns that are fundamental. Every language has a body of common words used by all the speakers of that language and thousands of other words that are used less frequently. We can understand and read many words and structures that we cannot use in speaking and writing. Every language has many ways of saying the same things. If you wish to ask the time, you say: "What time is it?", "Do you have the time?", "What time have you got?", "Will you tell me the time?", etc.

Learning English efficiently requires that you put your mind on what you are doing and have the intention and the will to learn. The time you have is so short that you cannot afford to waste it by giving less than your full co-operation in class and in home study. In other words, you have to build up language habits in English just as you build up language habits in your mother tongue.

Good luck to you then, in your learning of English! It's up to you. Nobody can learn to swim for you. Nobody can learn English for you. You learn for yourself, and you will master the language if you really want to. Language is not to be taught, language is to be learnt.

Task 5. Answer the questions.

1. What does the author mean saying that learning English is like learning to swim?
2. Do you have any opportunity to speak English?
3. Which do you like better: to read English or to speak English?
4. What does it mean: "to acquire the ability to use a language automatically "?
5. What does it mean: "the process of habit formation"?
6. What does the author mean saying that "language is not to be taught, language is to be learnt"?

Task 6. Read and translate the dialogue roll by roll.

Kate: Excuse me, sir. What time is it?

Mike: I'm sorry. Can you repeat that?

Kate: What time is it?

Mike: Oh, I'm sorry. It's nine thirty.

Kate: Do you understand everything in English?

Mike: Not everything, but most of it. I understand it better when people speak slowly.

Kate: It's true that we sometimes speak fast. But I think that you speak it very well! Did you learn it in school?

Mike: Yes. In Brazil, we study English in school, but I also learned a lot by watching movies and TV shows, listening to music, and playing video games in English.

Kate: Really? Which video games did you play? Mike: I loved Zelda and Pokemon.

Kate: That's a very fun way to learn a language!

Task 7. Make up a dialogue with a partner about learning a foreign language.

Task 8. Write an essay on the topic "Why is it important to learn English"