Подготовка к сдаче ЕГЭ по английскому языку раздел чтения

Подготовка к ЕГЭ по английскому языку 2024 (раздел Чтение)

Задание 1.

Установите соответствие между текстами A-G и заголовками 1-8. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. Breathtaking Natural Beauty and Adventure

2. Diversity and Natural Beauty

3. Rich History and Iconic Landmarks

4. Lush Green Landscapes and Fascinating Culture

5. Diverse Cultures and Awe-Inspiring Scenery

6. Natural Wonders and Unique Geography

7. Rich Culture and Endless Exploration

8. Hospitable storytellers

A. The United Kingdom boasts a rich history and cultural heritage, with its royal family and iconic landmarks such as Big Ben and the Tower of London. A visit to this fascinating country offers endless opportunities for exploration and discovery. From the stunning natural landscapes of the Scottish Highlands to the bustling streets of London, there is something for everyone. Immerse yourself in British culture by enjoying a pint at a local pub, indulging in traditional fish and chips, or attending a football match. The possibilities are infinite and truly exhilarating.

B. Canada is a land of diversity and beauty, with vibrant cities and incredible landscapes. Visitors can experience the excitement of Toronto or the charm of Quebec City, then venture into the pristine wilderness to see wildlife, glaciers, and mountains. Whether you enjoy skiing, hiking, or simply relaxing in a stunning environment, Canada has something for everyone. And with friendly locals who welcome visitors with open arms, you’ll feel at home in no time. Come and discover why Canada is one of the world’s top travel destinations and experience the warm hospitality.

C. Australia is a fascinating country with an abundance of natural marvels, such as the Great Barrier Reef and the rugged Outback. Its unique wildlife and diverse geography make it a one-of-a-kind destination. Whether you’re exploring the cosmopolitan cities of Sydney and Brisbane or hiking in the beautiful Blue Mountains, there is always something new to discover. Don’t forget to try some of the local gastronomic cuisine, including delicious seafood and Australian wines. Australia’s friendly locals and laid-back lifestyle make it a welcoming destination for travelers from all over the world.

D. The United States is a vast and diverse country, with a rich history and many famous sites or renowned monuments. Whether you’re exploring the vibrant streets of Los Angeles or immersing yourself in the history of Washington D.C., there is always something to see and do. The country’s stunning natural beauty ranges from the towering peaks of the Rocky Mountains to the sun-drenched beaches of Florida. And of course, no visit to the US would be complete without sampling some of the country’s famous cuisine, from Southern barbecue to New England clam chowder.

E. New Zealand is a must-visit destination for those seeking a unique travel experience. Its spectacular natural vistas are unparalleled, with majestic glaciers, pristine lakes, and rugged coastline. The country is also a hub for adventure sports, such as bungee jumping and skydiving. Whether you’re exploring the vibrant cities of Auckland and Wellington or trekking in the stunning Fiordland National Park, there is something for everyone in New Zealand. Don’t forget to try some of the local cuisine, including delicious lamb and seafood dishes. Don’t miss the chance to visit it.

F. Ireland is a charming and mystical country with a rich history and fascinating culture. Its verdant countryside, rocky coastlines, and ancient ruins draw visitors from all over the world. The country is also known for its alluring customs, warm and friendly people, who are always happy to share their incredible tales. Whether you’re exploring the vibrant streets of Dublin or driving along the stunning Ring of Kerry, there is something for everyone in Ireland. Don’t forget to try some of the traditional Irish cuisine, such as hearty stews and fresh seafood.

G. South Africa is a true gem, offering a unique blend of differing cultures, fascinating history, and awe-inspiring scenery. From the bustling streets of Cape Town to the beautiful beaches of Durban, there is always something new to discover. The country is also home to an array of exotic wildlife, including the “Big Five” (lion, elephant, leopard, rhino, and buffalo) and many other species. Whether you’re exploring breathtaking landscapes e.g. the majestic Drakensberg Mountains or sampling the delicious local cuisine, such as biltong and bobotie, South Africa is sure to leave a lasting impression.

Keys:

A7, B2, C6, D3, E1, F4, G5

Задание 2.

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A-F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1 - 7. Одна из частей в списке 1 - 7 - лишняя.

1. Some people thrive in the fast-paced

2. as well as a greater sense of security and safety

3. such as access to job opportunities and entertainment options

4. depending on what you are looking for.

5. such as fresh air and a friendly community

6. which can be enriching and stimulating

7. be slower-paced, with a closer connection to nature

A.

Urban and rural areas are very different in terms of lifestyle, opportunities, and challenges. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages, __________________.

B.

Urban areas are often associated with fast-paced, hustle and bustle, dynamic lifestyles, with plenty of job opportunities, entertainment options, and cultural experiences. Cities are home to a diverse range of people and communities, ______________. However, urban life also has its downsides, such as higher living costs, traffic congestion, and pollution. Cities can be noisy, crowded, and stressful, and some people find it difficult to adjust to this environment. Rural areas, on the other hand, are often seen as peaceful, natural environments with a strong sense of community.

C.

Life in the countryside can _________________ and a more relaxed lifestyle.

D.

Rural areas can also offer more affordable housing and lower living costs, ______________. However, rural life can also have its disadvantages, such as  limited job opportunities, fewer entertainment options, and a lack of access to services such as healthcare and education.

E.

Overall, whether you prefer urban or rural life depends on your individual needs and preferences. ________________, cosmopolitan environment of the city, while others prefer the quiet, natural surroundings of the countryside.

F.

One option that some people choose is to strike a balance between urban and rural life, by living in a suburban or semi-rural area that is within commuting distance of the city. This allows you to enjoy the benefits of both worlds, ________________, as well as a quieter, more relaxed lifestyle outside of work.

In conclusion, there are pros and cons to both urban and rural life. By understanding the advantages and challenges of each, you can make an informed decision about where to live and how to live your life.

Keys:

A4, B6, C7, D2, E1, F3

Задание 3.

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 1-7. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1,2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Russia has a long and proud history of scientific and technical progress, with many significant discoveries and innovations to its name. From the early development of the periodic table to the modern-day space program, Russian scientists and engineers have contributed greatly to the advancement of technology and knowledge.

In recent years, Russia has also made strides in the fields of artificial intelligence, nanotechnology, and renewable energy. With its strong focus on education and research, Russia is poised to continue making important contributions to scientific and technological progress in the years to come.

One of the most notable achievements in Russia’s scientific history was the invention of the first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1, in 1957. This groundbreaking achievement marked the beginning of the space race and demonstrated the technological capabilities of the Soviet Union. Since then, Russia has continued to make significant contributions to space exploration, including the launch of the first manned spacecraft and the development of the International Space Station.

In addition to space exploration, Russia has also made major strides in other areas of science and technology. For example, Russian scientists were instrumental in the development of the periodic table, which is still used today as the basis for understanding the properties and behavior of chemical elements. Russian physicists have also made significant contributions to our understanding of the fundamental laws of the universe, with notable figures such as Lev Landau and Andrei Sakharov winning Nobel Prizes for their work.

However, despite these achievements, Russia’s scientific and technical progress has not been without its challenges. One major issue has been brain drain, where talented scientists and engineers emigrate to other countries in search of better opportunities and working conditions. This has led to a loss of expertise and knowledge in key areas of science and technology, which can have long-term consequences for the country’s competitiveness and innovation.

Another challenge has been the lack of investment in science and technology, particularly in recent years. While Russia’s Soviet-era science and technology infrastructure was highly advanced, much of it has since fallen into disrepair or become outdated. This has made it difficult for Russian scientists and engineers to stay at the forefront of their fields, and has limited the country’s ability to compete with other nations in terms of technological innovation and development.

Despite these challenges, there are still reasons for optimism about Russia’s scientific and technical progress. The country has a wealth of talented scientists and engineers, and has continued to make significant advancements in areas such as robotics, artificial intelligence, and nuclear technology. Additionally, recent government initiatives to boost investment in science and technology, such as the creation of the Skolkovo Innovation Center, show that there is a growing recognition of the importance of these fields for the country’s future.

In conclusion, Russia has a rich history of scientific and technical progress, with many notable achievements in fields ranging from space exploration to fundamental physics. However, the country has also faced challenges such as brain drain and underinvestment, which have limited its ability to stay at the forefront of global scientific and technological innovation. Despite these challenges, there are still reasons for optimism about the future of Russian science and technology, and continued investment and support for these fields will be crucial for the country’s long-term competitiveness and success.

1. Russia is proud of its achievements which…

1. are the periodic table and the present-day space program

2. include a countless number of inventions

3. might not be numerous but considerable, though

4. started from the periodic law of chemical elements

2. What does the phrase “is poised” in the second paragraph mean?

1. behave in a calm and confident way

2. is willing

3. needs time to prepare

4. is prone

3. What is considered to mark a start of a space era?

1. the first manned spacecraft

2. the first artificial satellite

3. the International Space Station

4. the fundamental laws of the universe

4. What challenges does the author speak about?

1. long-lasting repercussions

2. loss of expertise and knowledge in key areas

3. scientists and engineers emigration

4. brain drain

5. Why is it difficult for Russia to compete with other countries in the science and technology spheres?

1. because Russia has not invested in science and technology.

2. because Russia's Soviet technology infrastructure has become out of date.

3. because Russian scientists work on cutting edge of scientific and technological progress.

4. because Russia's Soviet technology infrastructure was highly advanced.

6. What does Russian government do to resume the development of science in the country?

1. The government has invested to the foundation of the Skolkovo Innovation Center.

2. The country has continued to develop such fields of science like robotics, artificial intelligence and nuclear technology.

3. The country has educated talented scientists and engineers.

4. The government recognized the importance of science for the country's future.

7. What does the author feel about Russian science and technology?

1. he is frustrated

2. he is anxious

3. he is enthusiastic

4. he is uncertain

Keys:

1. 1

2. 2

3. 2

4. 4

5. 2

6. 1

7. 3