Quantifiers

PRESENTATION

QUANTIFIERS

PRESENTATION

QUANTIFIERS

Contents

. Introduction
. What are quantifiers?
. Many and much
. Few and a few
. Little and a little
. Too and enough
. Some and any

Contents

. Introduction
. What are quantifiers?
. Many and much
. Few and a few
. Little and a little
. Too and enough
. Some and any

QUANTIFIERS

any

both

NEITHER

some

NO

none

EVERYONE

ENOUGH

little

MANY

A LOT OF

FEW

LESS

EVERYWHERE

A FEW

A LITTLE

QUANTIFIERS

any

both

NEITHER

some

NO

none

EVERYONE

ENOUGH

little

MANY

A LOT OF

FEW

LESS

EVERYWHERE

A FEW

A LITTLE

WHAT ARE QUANTIFIERS ???

. A word or phrase which is used before a noun to indicate the amount or quantity.

. Use quantifiers when we want to give someone information about the number of something

. Can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns.

WHAT ARE QUANTIFIERS ???

. A word or phrase which is used before a noun to indicate the amount or quantity.

. Use quantifiers when we want to give someone information about the number of something

. Can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns.

EXAMPLES OF QUANTIFIERS

EXAMPLES OF QUANTIFIERS

MANY

.Use before countable nouns (Thomson & Martinet,2001, p. 41)
.Can be use in positive sentences (Murphy,1994, p. 172)
.We can use many in formal statements (Murphy,1994, p. 172)

Examples

She did not make many mistakes.

Many people drive too fast.

Many teenagers today still do not do enough sport.

MANY

.Use before countable nouns (Thomson & Martinet,2001, p. 41)
.Can be use in positive sentences (Murphy,1994, p. 172)
.We can use many in formal statements (Murphy,1994, p. 172)

Examples

She did not make many mistakes.

Many people drive too fast.

Many teenagers today still do not do enough sport.

MUCH

.Used before uncountable nouns (Thomson & Martinet, 2001, p. 41)
.Use usually in negative sentences ( Davis & Rimmer, 2011, p. 105)
.Can be used as a pronoun (Thomson & Martinet, 2001, p. 41)

Examples

We have not much fruit.

I am not very busy today. I have not got much to do.

You have a lot of free time but I have not much.

MUCH

.Used before uncountable nouns (Thomson & Martinet, 2001, p. 41)
.Use usually in negative sentences ( Davis & Rimmer, 2011, p. 105)
.Can be used as a pronoun (Thomson & Martinet, 2001, p. 41)

Examples

We have not much fruit.

I am not very busy today. I have not got much to do.

You have a lot of free time but I have not much.

FEW and A FEW

. Both of them are used before plural nouns. ( Thomson & Martinet, 2001, p. 17)
. Few means that there is not enough of something.
. A few means that there is not a lot of something, but there is enough.
. Few describes the quantity in a negative way.
. A few describes the quantity in a positive way.

Examples

A few people/ few people.

This town is interesting place but few tourists know about it.

I enjoy my life here. I have a few friends and we meet quite often.

Few people visited him in hospital.

I have got a few friends.

FEW and A FEW

. Both of them are used before plural nouns. ( Thomson & Martinet, 2001, p. 17)
. Few means that there is not enough of something.
. A few means that there is not a lot of something, but there is enough.
. Few describes the quantity in a negative way.
. A few describes the quantity in a positive way.

Examples

A few people/ few people.

This town is interesting place but few tourists know about it.

I enjoy my life here. I have a few friends and we meet quite often.

Few people visited him in hospital.

I have got a few friends.

LITTLE and A LITTLE

. Both are used before uncountable nouns. (Thomson & Martinet, 2001, p. 17)
. Little means ‘ not enough’. ( Davis & Rimmer, 2011 p. 105)
. Little is used chiefly with better or more in fairly formal style: His second suggestion was little (= not much) better than his first. (Thomson & Martinet, 2001, p. 17)

. A little means ‘ not very many/ much, but enough’. ( Davis & Rimmer, 2011, p. 105)
. A little is more positive. A little = some, a small amount.
. A little can be used (Thomson & Martinet, 2001, p. 17)
a. with verbs: It rained a little during the night.
b. with ‘ unfavourable’ adjective or adverbs: a little anxious, a little impatiently…
c. with comparative adjectives or adverbs: The paper should be a little thicker.

Examples

A little salt/ little salt

There is little money. ( you can not buy it)

There is a little money. ( you can just buy it)

Let’s go and have a drink. We have got a little time before the train leaves.

LITTLE and A LITTLE

. Both are used before uncountable nouns. (Thomson & Martinet, 2001, p. 17)
. Little means ‘ not enough’. ( Davis & Rimmer, 2011 p. 105)
. Little is used chiefly with better or more in fairly formal style: His second suggestion was little (= not much) better than his first. (Thomson & Martinet, 2001, p. 17)

. A little means ‘ not very many/ much, but enough’. ( Davis & Rimmer, 2011, p. 105)
. A little is more positive. A little = some, a small amount.
. A little can be used (Thomson & Martinet, 2001, p. 17)
a. with verbs: It rained a little during the night.
b. with ‘ unfavourable’ adjective or adverbs: a little anxious, a little impatiently…
c. with comparative adjectives or adverbs: The paper should be a little thicker.

Examples

A little salt/ little salt

There is little money. ( you can not buy it)

There is a little money. ( you can just buy it)

Let’s go and have a drink. We have got a little time before the train leaves.

TOO and ENOUGH

. Both too and enough are used to talk about how much or how little of something
there is.
. We use too to describe the negative effect of having more than necessary.
. We use enough to describe the effects of having / not having the right amount
of something. ( Mann & Taylore-Knowles, 2008, p.106)

Form

With an adjective:
too + adjective ( + full infinitive)
adjective + enough ( + full infinitive)

Examples

It is too cold to work in the garden.

Carol is not patient enough to work as a teacher.

With a noun:
too + many / much + noun ( + full infinitive)
enough + noun ( + full infinitive)

There are too many questions here.

We do not have enough money to pay our bills.

With an adverb:
too + adverb ( + full infinitive)
adverb + enough ( + full infinitive)

I got there too late to see the manager.

Jack did the work quickly enough to finish half an hour early.

TOO and ENOUGH

. Both too and enough are used to talk about how much or how little of something
there is.
. We use too to describe the negative effect of having more than necessary.
. We use enough to describe the effects of having / not having the right amount
of something. ( Mann & Taylore-Knowles, 2008, p.106)

Form

With an adjective:
too + adjective ( + full infinitive)
adjective + enough ( + full infinitive)

Examples

It is too cold to work in the garden.

Carol is not patient enough to work as a teacher.

With a noun:
too + many / much + noun ( + full infinitive)
enough + noun ( + full infinitive)

There are too many questions here.

We do not have enough money to pay our bills.

With an adverb:
too + adverb ( + full infinitive)
adverb + enough ( + full infinitive)

I got there too late to see the manager.

Jack did the work quickly enough to finish half an hour early.

SOME and ANY

. Some and any mean ‘ a certain number or amount’. They are used with or instead
of plural or uncountable nouns. (Thomson & Martinet, 2001, p. 67)
. Some is used:
With affirmative verbs:
They bought some flowers.
In questions where the answer ‘yes’ is expected:
Did some of you sleep on the floor? ( I expected so)
In offers and requests:
Would you like some wine?
Could you do some typing for me?
. Any is used
With negative verbs:
I have not any matches.
With questions except the types noted above:
Have you got any money?
After if / whether and in expressions of doubt:
If you need any more money, please let me know.
I do not think there is any petrol in the tank.

SOME and ANY

. Some and any mean ‘ a certain number or amount’. They are used with or instead
of plural or uncountable nouns. (Thomson & Martinet, 2001, p. 67)
. Some is used:
With affirmative verbs:
They bought some flowers.
In questions where the answer ‘yes’ is expected:
Did some of you sleep on the floor? ( I expected so)
In offers and requests:
Would you like some wine?
Could you do some typing for me?
. Any is used
With negative verbs:
I have not any matches.
With questions except the types noted above:
Have you got any money?
After if / whether and in expressions of doubt:
If you need any more money, please let me know.
I do not think there is any petrol in the tank.

References

. Thomson, A. J. & Martinet, A.V., (2001), A Practical English Grammar, OUP
. Murphy, R., (1994), English Grammar In Use, CUP
. Davis, F. & Rimmer, W. (2011) , Active Grammar, CUP
. Mann, M. & Taylore-Knowles, S. (2008), Destination B1, MUP

References

. Thomson, A. J. & Martinet, A.V., (2001), A Practical English Grammar, OUP
. Murphy, R., (1994), English Grammar In Use, CUP
. Davis, F. & Rimmer, W. (2011) , Active Grammar, CUP
. Mann, M. & Taylore-Knowles, S. (2008), Destination B1, MUP

Thank you for attention…

Thank you for attention…