There are hundreds of grammar rules but the basic ones refer to sentence structure and parts of speech, which are noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition and conjunction. Let’s look at the way sentences are put together and the words that form them.
Unit 22.docx
Unit 22
Past perfect (I have done) (I had done)
(a) Past Perfect Tense образуется при помощи had + past participle (seen, gone, opened, written, looked, и
т.д.).
Список причастий прошедшего времени от неправильных глаголов (past participle) смотри в Appendix2. Мы
используем Past Perfect для того, чтобы показать:
1.что действие было завершено до определенного момента в прошлом:
I had written a letter by two o'clock.
2.что одно действие было завершено перед другим действием в прошлом:
She had already left when I came.
I didn't know what I should write. I had never written letters before.
(b) Past Perfect (I had done) это прошедшее время от Present Perfect (I have done).
Cравните:
Present
Past
I'm not hungry. I've just had lunch.
I wasn't hungry. I'd just had lunch.
The house is dirty. We haven't
The house was dirty. We hadn't
cleaned it for weeks.
cleaned it for weeks.
(c) Сравните Past Perfect и Past Simple: Was Mary ready to go to the cinema when you came to her?
Yes, she had been ready by the moment.
Jack wasn't in when I phoned him. He was in his office.
Jack had just got home when I phoned him. He had been in his office.
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