There are hundreds of grammar rules but the basic ones refer to sentence structure and parts of speech, which are noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition and conjunction. Let’s look at the way sentences are put together and the words that form them.
Unit 86.docx
Unit 86
Much, many, little, few, a lot, plenty
(a) Much many few little
Much и little употребляются с
неисчисляемыми существительными:
much time much luck little energy little money
Many и few употребляются с
исчисляемыми существительными:
many friends many people few cars few countries
(b) A lot (of) lots (of) plenty (of)
A lot of / lots of / plenty of употребляются
с неисчисляемыми существительными и
существительными во множественном числе:
a lot of milk lots of time plenty of money
a lot of students lots of shops plenty of ideas
Plenty часто используется в значении
'более чем достаточно':
`Have some more coffee.' `No, thank you. I've had plenty.' There's no need to worry. We've got plenty of money.
с Much и many употребляются, в основном, в
отрицательных предложениях и в вопросах:
We didn't waste much time.
Have you written many poems?
В утвердительных предложениях лучше употреблять
a lot (of) вместо much :
We wasted a lot of food. (а не `we wasted much food')
There has been a lot of rain recently. (а не `much rain')
Однако too much и so much употребляются в
утвердительных предложениях:
She won't drink this coffee. There's too much sugar in it.
There was so much sugar in the coffee that she could't drink it.
(d) Little / a little few / a few
Little и few (без артикля a) придают характеру
действия негативный оттенок:
Ask Tom to take a car. We've got little time. (= немного,недостаточно времени)
He's not friendly. He has few friends. (=немного, недостаточно
друзей)
Запомните усилительные формы very little и very few :
We've got very little butter.
He has very few clothes.
only a little и only a few имеют отрицательное
значение:
Say that you'll call him later. We've only got a little time.
The beach was empty. There were only a few swimmers.
A little и a few показывают более позитивное
отношение к небольшому количеству или числу:
Let's go and see the town. We've got a little time before the train
leaves. (=немного времени, но достаточно чтобы
посмотреть город)
`Have you got any salt?' `Yes, a little. Do you want me to give you
some?'(a little = not much but enough for you to borrow some)
I enjoy my life here. I have a few friends and we meet quite often.
(a few friends = not many but enough to have a good time)
`When did he phone you last?' `A few days ago.' (= some days ago
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