"Sport in our Life"

SPORT IN OUR LIFE by Innokentii Fedorov, 10th “A” Form The teacher Kolesnikova Lyudmila Pavlovna SPORT IN OUR LIFE, by Innokentii Fedorov 1

The word "Sport" comes from the Old French, meaning "leisure", activity for relaxation and fun. Cambrige Dictionary says, “Sport is all types of physical activity that people do to keep healthy or for enjoyment”. SPORT IN OUR LIFE, by Innokentii Fedorov 2

There is also a number of non-physical activities, named “mind sports”. SPORT IN OUR LIFE, by Innokentii Fedorov 3

Sports always have two sides: participants, who improve their physical ability and skills, and fans (spectators), who enjoy the show. SPORT IN OUR LIFE, by Innokentii Fedorov 4

• The world's most practiced sport is running, while football is the most popular spectator sport. SPORT IN OUR LIFE, by Innokentii Fedorov 5

Categories of sports: • physical (e.g.athletics) • mind (e.g. chess or billiard) • motorized (e.g. Formula One) • animal-supported (e.g. horse riding, polo) SPORT IN OUR LIFE, by Innokentii Fedorov 6

Sport begins its history from ancient past. Some artifacts confirm that gymnastics was popular in China in 2000 BC. And swimming and fishing were well-developed in ancient Egypt. 7 SPORT IN OUR LIFE, by Innokentii Fedorov

Military culture and sports in Ancient Greece influenced one another. Sports became very important for the Greeks, they even created the Olympic Games, which were held every four years in a small village called Olympia. SPORT IN OUR LIFE, by Innokentii Fedorov 8

In our days we have more and more kinds of sports. Some of them are very unusual and funny (Chess Boxing, Swamp Swimming, Underwater Hockey, Quidditch, Extreme Ironing, Frog Jumping) SPORT IN OUR LIFE, by Innokentii Fedorov 9

Another kinds are extremely dangerous (Scuba Diving and Cave Diving, Base Jumping, Heliskiing, White-Water- Rafting, BMX, Ice Mountain Climbing, Big-Wave-Surfing, Bull Riding) 10 SPORT IN OUR LIFE, by Innokentii Fedorov

Mind sports - games of skill where the mental exercise component is more significant than the physical. SPORT IN OUR LIFE, by Innokentii Fedorov 11

• Draughts (British English) or checkers (American English) a strategy board game for two players. this game the uniform game pieces make diagonal capture moves opponent by jumping over. pieces and is In SPORT IN OUR LIFE, by Innokentii Fedorov 12

History of draughts begins from 3000 BC. A board, which looked like a draughts board, was found in Mesopotamian ancient city- state Ur.  In the British Museum there are specimens of ancient Egyptian checkerboards. And we can also see pictures of the Greeks playing a board game like draughts on artifacts from Troyan War. SPORT IN OUR LIFE, by Innokentii Fedorov 13

The World Championship in International draughts began in 1885 in France, and takes place every two years SPORT IN OUR LIFE, by Innokentii Fedorov 14

• Chess is a game played by two people on a black and white square board, in which each player has 16 pieces that can be moved on the board in different ways • This game appeared in India around the 7th century SPORT IN OUR LIFE, by Innokentii Fedorov 15

and Each player begins with 16 pieces: one king, one queen, two rooks, two knights, two bishops, eight pawns. Each of the six piece types moves differen tly. The most powerful is the queen and the least powerful is the pawn SPORT IN OUR LIFE, by Innokentii Fedorov 16

• The objective of Chess is to checkmate the opponent's king, when it cannot move to another square and avoid the capture SPORT IN OUR LIFE, by Innokentii Fedorov 17

• In 1996 it was for the first time when computer (Deep Blue) defeated the strongest human player. But it is still an open question if chess engine can ever win. SPORT IN OUR LIFE, by Innokentii Fedorov 18

• Billiard sports (Cue sports) - a game played by two people on a table covered in green clo th. The players use a cue (= a long stick) to hit balls against each other and into pockets around the table. • We do not know for sure where billiard appeared – in China or in India, but like chess and draughts it has a long and rich history. 19 SPORT IN OUR LIFE, by Innokentii Fedorov

• There are several kinds of billiard sports. • Snooker – a game played in Great Britain. The players use 15 red and six colored balls. • Pool is more popular in the United States and uses 16 colored balls. • Russian pyramid has several differences from Westers billiards. For example, the balls are larger and the pockets are smaller than used in pool or in snooker. There is an opinion that skill, not luck, is the only way to win in Russian billiard. SPORT IN OUR LIFE, by Innokentii Fedorov 20

Billiard was brought to Russia from Holland by Peter 1. The game became very popular and was even included in nobility educational program. There are many famous persons who played billiard and supposed this game very useful. Mikhail Lomonosov, for example, was one of the best billiard player in Russia in the 18th century. Also Pushkin, Nekrasov, Turgenev, 21 SPORT IN OUR LIFE, by Innokentii Fedorov

• The evolution of sport is connected to evolution of humankind. The more technologies come to our life the more kinds of sport appears (esports, robosports) • We can imagine that in the future we will have fantastic sports, even such as space football, spaceships racing or intergalactic chess. SPORT IN OUR LIFE, by Innokentii Fedorov 22

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION SPORT IN OUR LIFE, by Innokentii Fedorov 23