BUSINESS
ENGLISH
for
high school students
Author: Sysoeva A.V.
Volgograd 2020
BUSINESS TRIP ABROAD
Unit 1
Travelling by Air, Passport Control, Customs.
Lead - in
1. Discuss the following questions in pairs:
Why do businessmen travel so much nowadays?
What means of travelling do they prefer? Why?
Reading
2. Read the text, be ready to explain the words in bold.
Nowadays people who go on business mostly travel by air, as it is the fastest means of travelling.
Here are a few hints on air travelling that may be helpful:
Passengers are requested to arrive at the airport two hours before departure time on international flights and an hour on domestic flights as there must be enough time to complete the necessary airport formalities. Passengers must register their tickets, weigh in and register the luggage. Most airlines have at least two classes of travel: first class and economy class which is cheaper. Each passenger of more than two years of age has a free luggage allowance. Generally this limit is 20 kg for economy class and 30 kg for first class passengers. Excess luggage must be paid for except for some articles that can be carried free of charge.
Each passenger is given a boarding pass to be shown at the departure gate and again to the stewardess when boarding the plane.
Watch the electric sign flashes when you are on board. When “Fasten seat belts” sign goes on, do it promptly and also obey the “No smoking” signal.
Do not forget your personal effects when leaving the plane. Landing formalities and customs regulations are more or less the same in all countries.
While still on board the plane the passengers are given an arrival card to fill in. After the passenger has disembarked, officials will check his passport and visa. In some countries they will check his certificate of vaccination. The traveler is also requested to go through an AIDS check within ten or fourteen days of his arrival in the country. If the passenger fails to do so some strict measures could be taken by the authorities including imprisonment or payment of a considerable penalty.
When these formalities have been completed the passenger goes to the Customs for an examination of his luggage. As a rule personal belongings may be brought in duty-free. If the passenger has nothing to declare he may go through the “green” section of the Customs. In some cases the Customs inspector may ask you to open your bags for inspection. It sometimes happens that a passenger’s luggage is carefully gone through in order to prevent smuggling. After you are through with all customs formalities the inspector will put a stamp on each piece of your luggage or chalk it off.
Checking comprehension
3. Answer the following questions:
1. How long before the departure time is it advisable to arrive at the airport? Why?
2. What airport formalities is the passenger requested to complete before he boards the plane?
3. What do you do if you have an excess luggage?
4. What can you carry to the cabin free of charge?
5. What electric signs must the passenger obey?
6. What are the usual landing formalities and customs regulations?
7. Is the passenger’s vaccination certificate always checked? Why?
8. What do you do if you have nothing to declare?
9. Some passenger’s luggage may be gone through carefully. Is it a regular occurrence? Why is it done?
Speaking
4. Imagine that you have just arrived from a foreign country. You have travelled by plane. Tell your friends about this trip.
5. Read, translate and learn speech patterns.
SPEECH PATTERNS
Here you are.
You’d better fasten the belts.
Would you mind lending me…
(Come) this way, please.
Are you quite comfortable?
Is anything the matter?
Is there anything I can do for you?
6. Act out the dialogues.
On board the plane.
Air-hostess: Are you quite comfortable, sir?
Russian traveller: Yes, quite. Could I have a newspaper, please?
A.- h.: Here you are. Would you like a magazine?
R. t.: I’ll have Time, thank you.
Fellow-traveller: Excuse me, when will you be serving drinks?
A.- h.: I’ll be bringing the trolley round quite soon. Will you have some chewing-gum or peppermint now?
R. t.: Some peppermint, please. My ears often ache during take-off.
F. – t.: I’ll have the same, please.
* * *
R. t.: Excuse me, what was the announcement?
F. - t.: They are asking us to fasten our seat belts.
R. t.: Why? Is anything the matter?
F. - t.: Don’t worry. We are probably going through some bad weather.
R. t.: What’s happened? Are you feeling all right?
F. - t.: Not very, I’m afraid it’s a bit rough, I get air-sick easily.
R. t.: Is there anything I can do for you? Shall I ring for the stewardess?
F. - t.: Yes, please, and would you mind lowering the back of my seat a little?
R. t.: Of course. Is that better?
A. - h.: Ys, sir?
R. t.: Have you got anything for air-sickness – it’s for this gentleman.
A.-h.: Certainly, sir, I won’t be a moment. Here you are, just drink this. That should do the trick.
Landing in London.
R. t.: Are we coming into London? It’s my first visit to London. Doesn’t it look huge?
F.- t.: Yes, it does. I can see the runway lights. We’d better fasten our seat belts, the plane is going down.
R t.: So it is. We are on time. And… what do we do with our landing cards?
F. - t.: They are for the immigration officer on arrival.
R. t.: I haven’t filled mine in yet. Would you mind lending me your pen?
F. - t.: Not at all.
Health check.
Official: Health check here. Where are you from, sir?
R. t.: From Russia.
O.: Your certificate of vaccination, please?
R. t.: Here you are.
O.: Thank you. Everything is O.K. You may proceed to Passport Control.
Passport Control.
Passport control officer: Your passport, please?
R. t.: Here you are.
P.c.o.: How long are you staying in London?
R.t.: Ten days I’m here.
P.c.o.: Your passport and visa are in order. Have a pleasant stay, sir.
At the Customs.
Customs official: Good afternoon, sir, is this your suit-case?
R.t.: No, the brown one is mine.
C.o.: Oh, I see. Have you got anything to declare?
R.t.: No, I haven’t. My bag only contains personal things. Shall I open it?
C.o.: No, thank you, sir, that won’t be necessary.
Meeting at the airport.
Foreign representative: Good morning, Mr Somov. Welcome to London.
R.t.: Good morning, Mr Brown. Nice to see you again.
F.r.: Oh, I’ll never forget meeting you in Moscow. Did you have a good journey? How are you?
R.t.: I’m quite well, thank you. The trip was very pleasant.
F.r.: Come this way, please. The car is outside the airport building. Is it your first visit here, Mr Somov?
R.t.: Yes, it is. And I like what I see.
F.r.: I am sure London will impress you favourably. You’ll have an opportunity to have a look round and I hope you’ll enjoy it.
R.t.: Certainly, though I’m afraid I’m going to be very busy during my stay.
F.r.: Yes, the programme for your stay is rather packed and we’ll discuss it tomorrow in details.
Now I’m going to take you to the hotel and I’ll be able to show you some places of interest on the way to the city.
R.t.: Thank you.
On the way back.
R.t.: Do I check in for the flight to Moscow here?
Clerk: Moscow, sir? Yes, that’s right. May I see your ticket and passport, please? And your bag. Put it on the scales.
R.t.: Here it is. Do I need to weigh this small bag?
C.: Are you keeping it as hand luggage, sir?
R.t.: Yes.
C.: You must weigh it as well. Oh, it’s too heavy. I’m afraid there’ll be an excess luggage charge. Perhaps there’s something you could take out? Otherwise you’ll have to pay extra.
R.t.: All right. I’ll take these booklets out. They are rather bulky.
C.: Will you put your luggage on the machine again, sir? Now, it is inside the free allowance. Here is your ticket and boarding pass.
R.t.: Thank you. Which way do I go now?
C.: Passport Control is that way. Then the departure lounge is straight ahead. Then you’ll have to go through the check gate.
R.t.: Thank you.
7. Supply the missing remarks in the following dialogues.
Official: Could I have your passport, please?
Traveller: ………..
O.: Where are you going?
T.: …………..
O.: How long are you going to stay?
T.: ………….
O.: What’s the purpose of your trip?
T.: ………..
O.: And can I see your vaccination certificate?
T.: …………….
* * *
Customs officer: …….?
R.t.: That’s right. Shall I open it?
C.o.: ………..?
R.t.: I don’t think I have, though I have a box of cigarettes for my own use. I believe they are duty free?
C.o.: ………
R.t.: Thank you.
8. Make up your own dialogues on the topics.
1) Registration for the flight.
2) On board the plane.
3) At the health check.
4) At the Customs.
Listening
9. Listen to these flight announcement. Check (*) the flight number you hear.
a KL 202 d UA 173
KL 203 UA 174
b JL 401 e BA 547
TA 201 BK 547
c AF 260
AX 2
Writing
10. Fill in the Customs Declaration.
Keep for the duration of your stay in Russia or
abroad. Not renewable in case of loss.
Persons giving false information in the
Declaration or to Customs officers shall render
themselves liable under the laws of the Russian Federation.
CUSTOMS DECLARATION
Full name_________________________
Citizenship_________________________
Arriving from _______________________
Country of destination_____________________
Purpose of visit (business, tourism., private, etc.)_____________________
My luggage (including hand luggage) submitted for Customs inspection consists of__________ pieces.
With me and my luggage I have;
I. Weapons of all descriptions
and ammunition______________________________________________________________
II. Narcotics and appliances
for the use thereof ___________________________________________________________
III. Antiques and objects of art (paintings,
drawings, icons, sculptures, etc.)_________________________________________________
IV. Russian rubles, Russian State Loan
bonds, Russian lottery tickets___________________________________________________
V. Currency other than Russian
rubles (bank notes, exchequer bills, coins), payment voucher
(cheques, bills, letter of credit, etc.), securities (shares, bonds, etc.) in
foreign currencies,
precious metals (gold, silver, platinum, metals of platinum group) in any form
of condition, crude
and processed natural precious stones (diamonds, brilliants, rubies, emeralds,
sapphires and
pearls), jewelry and other articles made of precious metals and precious
stones, and scarp
thereof, as well as property papers:
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Amount/quantity |
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Description |
in figures |
in words |
For official use |
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US Dollars |
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Pounds Sterling |
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French Francs |
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Deutschemarks |
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VI. Russian rubles, other currency, payment vouchers, valuables and any objects belonging to other persons
I'm aware that, in addition to the
objects listed in the Customs Declaration, I must submit for inspection:
printed matters, manuscripts, films, sound recordings, postage stamps,
graphics, etc., plants, fruits,
seeds, live animals and birds, as well as raw foodstuffs of animal origin and
slaughtered fowl.
I also declare that my luggage sent separately consists of___________________ pieces.
(Date)____________ 20… Owner of luggage_____________ (signed)
Follow-up
11. Distribute roles and take part in the role play “Travelling by air”
Unit 2
Staying at a Hotel.
Lead in
1. Check if you know these adjectives. Which of them can be used to describe the nouns below? Add some more adjectives to each point.
a) a hotel b) a room c) the service d) a view from the window
Luxurious, modern, cramped, traditional, basic, comfortable, friendly, centrally-located, spectacular, quiet, noisy, spacious, professional.
2. Read the list of facilities modern hotels usually have. Choose five of them which would be the most important for you. Explain why.
Restaurant
Swimming pool
Childcare
Room service
Internet access
Satellite TV
Laundry service
Bar
Disabled access
Sauna
Reading
3. Read the text. What other facilities can you add to the list in Ex.2? Why is it important for a travelling businessman to choose a comfortable hotel?
Never before in the history of the world have businessmen travelled so much as they do today. It is not surprising because we are living in the world of growing international trade and expanding economic and technical cooperation.
Fascinating though it is for tourists, travelling has, however, become the most tiring of all the occupations for many businessmen. Choosing a comfortable hotel to stay at is therefore a matter of some importance. There are plenty of good hotels, motels and guest houses in the world conveniently located for major business centres.
Many developing countries, such as India, Egypt, Nigeria etc. have excellent hotels. Their numerous facilities include both large and small cocktail lounges, ballrooms, banqueting rooms, beauty parlours, barber's shops, conference halls equipped with simultaneous multilingual translation systems. There are parking areas which can accommodate a lot of cars. It might be useful for traveling businessmen and tourists to know that tailor shops, shoe repair shops, laundry and dry cleaning services are available for guests. People in the office help guests to book train, air or steamer tickets and rent a car. They are also ready to give all necessary information.
4. Read and act out the following dialogues.
Making arrangements about rooms
Receptionist: Good afternoon, sir. What can I do for you?
Visitor: We are Russian businessmen. Reservations have been made to accommodate 16 people.
R: Oh, yes, sir. 8 double rooms for a fortnight.
V.: Sorry, but we need now 7 double rooms and 2 single rooms.
R: I'm sorry, sir, but we're having a big international conference here this week, and we are completely booked out. You should really have mentioned the change when you confirmed your reservation.
V.: Yes, I suppose I should have, but do you think you could do something now? We need two single rooms for our top executives.
R.: Top executives.... Are they going to stay for a fortnight?
V.: No, about a week.
R: Then, you can have 2 single rooms on the first floor.
V.: Thank you, you've been very helpful. I hope the rooms are not noisy.
R: They're very quiet. They face the garden.
V.: Good. Are all the rooms with private baths?
R.: All rooms are with private baths, telephones and other modern conveniences.
By the way, you can have our central papers free every morning.
V.: How much are the rooms?
R: Singles are $100 and doubles $50 a day. Have you filled in your arrival card? Good. Then sign here, please. Here's your key. When you go out, please, leave the key at the reception desk.
V.: Sure, and what if we want to extend our stay?
R.: You'll have to contact the chief receptionist at least 24 hours before the original date of your departure.
V.: Thank you.
Talking to a bell-boy.
Bell-boy: Your room, sir.
Visitor: Thank you.
B-b: If you want a maid, sir, or to order anything, you may use the telephone. All the numbers you may need are on the list beside the phone. You can have room service day and night. For meals and drinks in the rooms we charge an extra 10%.
V.: Thank you. I don't think I'll have drinks or breakfast in the room. When do you
serve breakfast in the breakfast room?
B-b: From 7 till 9, sir. If you want to have a full breakfast, you must fill in a breakfast order and hand it to the waiter in the breakfast room, or put it on the door handle outside the room.
V.: Thank you, I think continental breakfast would be sufficient.
B-b.: Then, you just sign the bill in the breakfast room, because continental breakfasts are included in the cost of the room.
5. Read, translate and learn speech patterns.
SPEECH PATTERNS
What can I do for you?
How much are the…?
What about….?
I’d rather…..
How do I (telephone, get to …)?
You’d better off going …..
May I have my key, please?
I won’t be a minute.
6. Supply the missing remarks.
Visitor: May I have my key, please?
Receptionist: ……?
V.: 325.
R.: …………
V.: Thank you. Where’s he waiting?
R.: …….
V.: The hotel is big. How do I get there?
R.: …….
* * *
V.: ………?
R.: Yes, sir. Do you want a single or a double room?
V.: ……?
R.: $.......... per person a night.
V.: ………?
R.: No, sir. Service is 10% extra. We add it to the bill.
V.: …..?
R.: Yes, TV is included.
V.: ……?
R.: One paper can be sent up free.
Speaking
7. Make up dialogues on the basis of these situations.
1) You have failed to reserve a room in advance. Try to make the receptionist understand your position and register you at the hotel for several days.
2) You’ve just checked at the hotel for several days. Ask the receptionist what services the hotel offers, where you can have your meals, a newspaper to read, etc.
Writing
8. Fill in this registration form.
NAME OF HOTEL OR INN OR ADDRESS OF HOUSE___________________________________
TO BE FILLED IN IMMEDIATELY ON ARRIVAL
1. Surname ______________________________________________________________________
2. Christian Names __________________________________________________________________
3. Nationality_____________________________________________________________________
4. Date of arrival _____________________________________________________________
5. Sex ___________________________________________________________________________
6. Particulars of Registration Certificate or Passport ________________________________________
Issued at__________________________Number________________________________________
7. Arrived here from (give last address in full) ______________________________________________
Signature of person to whom the above particulars relate ___________________________________
TO BE FILLED IN ON DEPARTURE
8. Date of departure_____________________________________________________________________
9. Destination (Give a new address in full) _________________________________________________
Signature of person to whom the above particulars relate _________________________________
Listening
9. Steve Sheridan is talking about his company’s new hotel project. Listen and complete the table below.
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Name |
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Where |
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When |
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Size |
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Transportation |
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Sports facilities |
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Bars/Restaurants |
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Conference facilities |
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Cost |
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Follow up
10. Use the Internet or magazines to find information about hotels. Present your findings to the whole group.
11. In pairs or in groups work on the project “Hotel of my dream”. Prepare a computer presentation.
Unit 3
Business and Social Contacts.
Lead in
1. Discuss the following questions in pairs then tell your ideas to the group.
1) Which functions do businessmen usually take part?
2) Which of them are formal and informal?
3) What is the difference between them?
Reading
2. Read the text and find out meanings of the words in bold.
Distance is no obstacle today and personal contacts have become the most efficient means of promoting a better understanding in all spheres of human activity. Foreign trade is no exception.
Normally, businessmen keep in touch through correspondence or telephone calls, but there's no denying the fact that major problems can be solved more effectively through a personal meeting. Both parties have equal opportunities to hear out their counterpart's arguments and counterarguments and come to an agreement on the business in hand. Since a business trip is always limited in time, a businessman makes arrangements before his departure or immediately on arrival. Among other things he can make an appointment by telephone or by fax. In the counterpart's country a businessman can make an appointment in person. It is customary for businessmen to draw up a tentative programme of the points they would like to take up during the forthcoming meeting.
The programmes of the delegation's stay include a series of business talks and social meetings like a sightseeing tours, entertainment, visits to their counterpart's homes, etc. Visitors may have to attend a business lunch or a reception given in honour of the delegation.
These tips may come in handy for a businessman on a trip:
It is essential to be punctual in business. If you cannot keep the appointment you should notify your counterpart in advance and fix a new date.
On a formal occasion (talks, a working lunch, a reception) a business is expected to wear a suit and tie. Informal occasions (a sightseeing tour, an outing, a visit to a private home) do not call for formal clothes; one should be dressed casually.
Remember that it is always best to behave naturally. Jokes and humour are appreciated just as much as they are else.
Checking comprehension
3. Answer the following questions.
1) Why have personal contacts become very important nowadays?
2) How do businessmen maintain business contacts?
3) What is usually done to avoid loss of time?
4) In what way can you make an appointment?
5) What do the programmes of the delegation’s stay usually include?
6) What does a formal (informal) occasion imply? What clothes do they call for?
7) What qualities are highly valued in a businessman?
4. Read, translate and learn speech patterns.
SPEECH PATTERNS
Secretary speaking.
The sooner the better.
Can (could) I speak to Mr. X. , please?
Who’s calling?
Any time you say.
Will 2 p.m. be all right for you?
Have you met Mr. N.?
I haven’t had the pleasure.
Do you mind if we get down to business right now?
May I introduce you to…?
Make yourself comfortable.
Reading
5. Read and act out the following dialogues.
Making appointments by phone.
Russian visitor: Hello, is that the Metal Works Corporation?
Secretary: Yes, hello, Mr. Nobi's secretary speaking.
R.v. : This is Smolin of the Russian Economic Counsellor's office.
S.: Good morning, Mr. Smolin. What can I do for you?
R.v.: I'd like to arrange a meeting with your President, Mr. Nobi.
S.: When do you wish to see him, Mr. Smolin?
R.v.: The sooner the better. The matter is urgent.
S.: Will 10 o'clock tomorrow morning suit you?
R.v.: That will be fine. Thank you.
S.: Not at all, Mr. Smolin.
* * *
R.v.: Good morning, can (could) I speak to Mr. Adhanon, please?
S.: Good morning. Who's calling, please?
R.v.: This is the head of the Russian delegation.
S.: Oh, good afternoon, Mr. Ishutin. I'm sorry, Mr. Adhanon is out at the moment. Would
you like to leave a message or call back?
R.v.: I think I'd rather arrange to meet him.
S.: O.K. When could you come?
R.v.: Any time you say.
S.: Just a moment, I'll look in the diary. Yes, I can fix an appointment for you for tomorrow. That's Tuesday afternoon. Will 2 p.m. be all right with you?
R.V.: Yes, thank you.
S.: What shall I tell Mr. Adhanon your business is about, Mr.Ishutin?
R. v.: It's about our deliveries under the Assembly Tractor Plant Contract.
S.: I see.
Coming for an appointment
R.v.: Good morning. I want to see the Managing Director.
S.: Good morning. Have you an appointment?
R. v.: Sorry, I haven't. I was driving by, so I decided to drop in. Is Mr. Din in?
S.: He is, but he's in conference. Will you wait or could you possibly come tomorrow, say at 10 o'clock?
R. v.: Well, you see, I'm here for one day only. The matter is urgent, so I don't mind waiting if Mr. Din can see me. Here's my card.
S.: Do take a seat. I'll tell Mr. Din about your request.
R. v.: Thank you so much.
Business talks
F. r.: Good morning, gentlemen. How are you?
R. v.: Good morning, Mr. Georgis. Fine, thank you, and you?
F. r.: Very well, thanks. Have you met Mr. Nur, head of your commercial department?
R. v.: No, I haven't had the pleasure. How do you do, Mr. Nur.
F. r.: How do you do, Mr. Smolin. It's nice to meet you. This way, gentlemen,
please. Will you sit down? Coffee or tea?
R. v.: Tea, please. It's a hot day, isn't it?
F. r.: Yes, you may find our climate a bit too hot. But I hope you'll enjoy your stay here all the same.
R. v.: I'm sure I will. Do you mind if we get down to business right now?
F. r.: Yes, time's getting short. Well, gentlemen, I don't think we need to read the minutes of the last meeting. Copies of them have been circulated to you.
R. v.: Yes, I've got a copy. There's no need to go over the same points. Let's proceed with the discussion of our Draft Contract for the delivery of chemical equipment. What shall we take up today?
F. r.: We're finished with the prices, but there are some comments on the delivery dates and guarantees.
R. v.: Is there anything you don't like about the delivery schedule? The dates are the shortest we can afford.
F. r.: But the project is a top priority one. We would ask you to speed up the deliveries.
R. v.: All right. We are always ready to cooperate where we can but we can't give our final reply before we get the manufacturers consent.
F. r.: How long will that take?
R. v.: About two weeks at the outside.
F. r: All right, we'll look at this again later.
R. v.: Then let's pass on to the guarantee clause. You are aware, I'm sure, that the equipment we offer you is highly sophisticated, reliable and easy to run. It's in great demand, you know, and on top of that, our guarantee period is accepted throughout the world.
F. r.: You sound very convincing, Mr. Smolin. Well, gentlemen, we've been 2 hours on the Draft Contract. How about, some lunch?
R. v.: That would be very welcome.
Speaking
6. Give a brief summary of each dialogue.
7. Keep the conversations going.
A.
- Hello, Mr. Sedov. Mr.Nur’s calling.
- Oh, hello, Mr. Nur. What can I do for you?
- I’m afraid, I won’t be able to keep the appointment with you on Thursday.
- Oh, is anything the matter?
- Yes, there’s an emergency at one of our plants, so I have to go there right away.
- I see. Then……
B.
- Hello, secretary speaking.
- Hello. It’s Mr. Aman from Metal Works Corporation. Can you make an appointment for me to see Mr. Han?
- What time do you have in mind?
- How about Wednesday at three?
- I’m sorry, but he will be busy. ……..
Listening
8. Listen and write down George Colby’s appointments.
Mr. Davis
Day: _______________________
Time: ______________________
Ms. Andreou
Day: _______________________
Time: ______________________
9. George Colby makes some appointments. Listen. Complete the chart with his appointments.
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Name |
Day/Date |
Time |
Purpose of visit |
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Harry Norris |
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Mariko Tanaka |
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Dr. Epstein |
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Follow up
10. Imagine you are a businessman travelling on business. Make up a three-day programme of your stay in London. Include formal and informal occasions. Then tell the group about your business trip.
1st day.
Morning__________________________
Afternoon_________________________
Evening___________________________
2nd day
Morning __________________________
Afternoon _________________________
Evening ___________________________
3d day
Morning __________________________
Afternoon _________________________
Evening ___________________________
COMPANY ACTIVITIES
Unit 4
Forms of Business Organization
Lead in
1. Discuss the questions in pairs. Then present your ideas to the whole group.
What famous companies do you know?
What is their activity?
What other forms of business organization do you know?
Reading
2. Read the text. Find definitions of each form of business organization. Make a list of advantages and disadvantages of each form. Discuss them.
Forms of Business Organization
A Sole Proprietorship.
There are several forms of business organization. The most popular of them are: a sole proprietorship or individual proprietorship; a partnership; a corporation.
They all have their advantages and disadvantages.
A sole proprietorship is a business owned by one person. Sole proprietorships are the most numerous kind of business organization, but most are very small. The reason for their popularity is that they are the easiest and least costly to organize. There are other advantages. Sole proprietors own all the profits of their enterprises, they are their "own bosses", free to make whatever changes they please. They do not have to pay the special taxes placed on corporations. Sole proprietors also have the opportunity to achieve success and recognition through their individual efforts.
There are also disadvantages. A very serious one is the unlimited liability that each proprietor faces. All debts and all problems associated with the business belong to the owner. If a business fails the owner must personally assume the debts. A second disadvantage is that it has limited capital. The money is limited by the amount of his or her savings or ability to borrow. Other disadvantage may include lack of opportunities for employees, limitations of size and growth.
A Partnership.
A partnership is a business organization that is owned by two or more persons. Partnerships offer certain advantages over sole proprietorships:
- partners bring additional funds to a proprietorship,
- partners can bring fresh ideas and talents to business organizations,
- like the sole proprietorship, partnerships are relatively easy to form and are not subject to special taxation.
There are the following disadvantages:
-in many cases each of the partners is subject to unlimited liability. Partners are individually responsible for all the debts of the business. In other words, if the business were to fail, its creditors would have the right to recover their money from any, or all of the partners,
-the amount of capital that a partner can raise is limited. Exactly what that limit is will depend on the earnings of the business, the wealth of the partners and their ability to borrow;
- partners may disagree, causing management conflicts that could threaten the firm's existence.
A Corporation A corporation is a business organization created under a government charter. Ownership of a corporation is represented by shares of stock and for that reason corporate owners are known as stockholders.
Although corporations are outnumbered by about four to one by sole proprietorships, they dominate American business. Corporations are so important because of the advantages they offer over sole proprietorships and partnerships:
- limited liability. Unlike the owners of proprietorships and partnerships, who can be held personally liable for their debts, the most that corporate shareholders can lose (their liability) is limited to whatever they paid for their shares of stock (Ltd);
- ease of transfer. Stockholders can enter or leave a corporation at will simply by buying or selling shares of stock in that corporation;
-unlimited life .When the corporate stockholders die, their shares of stock are passed on to their heirs;
- tax advantages. In certain instances individuals can reduce their tax liability by incorporating.
Disadvantages of the corporation are:
- it is difficult and expensive to organize a corporation,
- corporations are subject for special taxes,
- corporations whose stock shares are sold to the public give up their privacy The law requires that these large, open (or public) corporations disclose information about their finances and operations to anyone interested in reading about them.
Speaking
3. Think over and say what form of business organization you would like to be engaged in and why.
4. Read and act out the dialogue.
Jim: Hi, Alice. How are you getting on?
Alice: Fine, as usual, thanks, Jim. What about you?
Jim: I’m OK. It’s nice to see you.
Alice: You too. I’m glad you are not in a hurry and we have time to talk today.
Jim: Sure.
Alice: Can you give me a piece of advice?
Jim: Well, I’ll try if I can.
Alice: You know I’ve been always good at cooking. It interests me. I am thinking of starting my own business – a café.
Jim: It might be a good idea.
Alice: I guess I must learn about the responsibilities of going into business.
Jim: Are you going into this business by yourself?
Alice: Exactly. I’d like to have a café with my name on it where I make the decisions and where I control the profits.
Jim: You seem to be resolute so I’ll try to help you. If you go into business alone, it is called sole proprietorship. In such case you needn’t consult a lawyer to form the business. You can start or you can stop your business whenever you like.
Alice: It sounds encouraging. What else can you tell me?
Jim: There is no need to consult partners or a board of directors. So you can put your policies into effect quickly. You decide on your vacation, hours, salary, hiring and firing.
Alice: Well, that’s not bad.
Jim: Wait a moment. I believe I have to tell you about the risk involved.
Alice: What do you mean?
Jim: First of all, the most important risk is that you have unlimited liability. It means that you are responsible for all your business debts.
Alice: So, if the business fails, I have to declare personal bankruptcy, don’t I?
Jim: That’s what I mean. You can lose your personal assets.
Alice: Well, it’s rather disappointing. What other things should I know?
Jim: You won’t get tax benefits which partners or corporations get.
Alice: I know about it. By the way do you know of a good accountant to do my taxes?
Jim: Of course. You’ll also have to hire a good book-keeper if you can’t do your books yourself.
Alice: I can’t say anything definite about that. I have to think it over. What else, Jim?
Jim: Well, I am a bit hungry, why don’t we have a snack together and discuss the things in the café.
Alice: You are right as usual.
5. Make up a similar dialogue about other forms of business organization.
6. Do you know that each company has its structure? What departments does a company have? Unjumble the letters in brackets to give the names of departments in a company.
COMPANY DEPARTMENTS
1. This department sells the products. (elass). sales
2. If there is a serious problem with late payments,
this department deals with it. (laleg)
3. This department sends all the bills, (toncacus)
4. This department makes the products, (nodurpocit)
5. This department deals with suppliers, (haspcurgin)
6. Employees are the first priority in this department.
(namuh escrouser)
7. Read the text. Are the statements below true or false? Mark them T or F.
COMPANY ORGANIZATION.
When most people hear the word Guinness, they think of the Irish beer of the same name, but in fact the Guinness company is now a multinational with a vast network of joint venture companies, distributors and subsidiaries, and an annual turnover of more than £4 billion. Its products are sold in over 200 countries worldwide.
Guinness operates mainly in the alcoholic drinks market. Its brands include a number of famous names like Johnnie Walker, Bell's Scotch whisky, and Gordon's gin. It owns United Distillers, the most profitable spirits company in the world. It also has a 34% stake in Moet Hennessy, the French champagne and cognac company, whose owner, LVMH, has a 20% share in Guinness. About three quarters of Guinness group's profits come from spirits. Guinness beer (called 'stout') is produced in more than 50 countries, and sold in 150. For the moment, the beer company represents only 25% of the group's profits.
Apart from alcohol production, the company owns Gleneagles, the world-famous golf hotel in Scotland, and runs a division which publishes The Guinness Book of Records.
Guinness PLC is based in central London. The company has offices in over 50 countries around the world, with 23,000 employees. Tony Greener is the chairman of a Board which is made up of 6 executive and 6 non-executive directors.
* * *
a About 75% of Guinness' profits are from spirits.
b Guinness doesn't only operate in the drinks market.
с United Distillers is a shareholder of Guinness.
d Guinness owns LVMH.
e Guinness beer is made in more than 100 countries.
f The company produces The Guinness Book
of Records at Gleneagles.
g The Head Office of Guinness PLC is in London,
h The Board of Directors has twelve members.
8. Find words or phrases in the text which mean:
a a company with subsidiaries in a number of countries
b value of sales in a year
с all over the world
d strong alcoholic drinks such as gin or whisky
e a minority share in a company
f controls / manages
g consists of
h the group of people who are responsible for company decisions
i not full-time and not responsible for day-to-day decisions
Vocabulary Work
9. For each question, choose a pair of words from the list to complete the spaces in the two sentences. Decide which of the two words you need for each space. The first is done for you as an example.
salesman/retailer consists/divided accountant/accounts
sells/buys produce/products share/subsidiary
education/training manufactures/factory
1 There are 300 machine operators in our factory.
The company manufactures children's toys.
2 The Purchasing department..... products.
Guinness......... its beer all over Europe.
3 The......... of staff in our company is the responsibility of
the Human Resources department.
Schools are responsible for children's......
4 We......... 300 units per hour in our factory.
Bell's Whisky is one of our most profitable.....
5 We can't give you exact sales figures now because our is on
holiday.
The tax inspector came last month to look at our......
6 ICL is a......... of the Japanese Fujitsu company.
LVMH has a large........ of the perfume market.
7 A......... has a shop which sells directly to the public.
A.......... is a person who sells to shops or companies.
8 Our electronics division is...... into a number of
autonomous companies.
The company......... of five operating divisions.
Follow up
10. Imagine you are going to start up your own company. Tell the class about its structure, departments, type of business etc. You may prepare a computer presentation.
Unit 5
Company History.
Lead in
1. Discuss the following questions in pairs.
What do you know about Canon company?
What do they produce?
What is its origin?
Listening
2. Before you listen, match the words on the left with the definitions on the right.
a start up 1 around the world
b a plant 2 grow bigger
c overseas 3 begin/establish (a company)
d entirely 4 factory, production centre
e expand 5 abroad, in a foreign country
f worldwide 6 completely
3. Listen to Mr. Cassidy telling about his company Canon. Complete the table below.
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Event |
Year |
Place |
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4. Listen to the text again and be ready to answer the following questions.
1) When did the company start up?
2) What was its origin?
3) How did they start in America?
4) Do they produce many of their products overseas? Where?
5) How big is the company now?
6) How many people work for this company worldwide?
Speaking
5. Using the information from the text tell about Canon company.
A FAMOUS COMPANY
6. Read this information about the Motorola company. Then complete the dialogue between Person A and Person В (an employee of Motorola). Choose words from the list.
COMPANY- PROFILE
MOTOROLA
Head office Schaumburg, Illinois, USA
Products Wireless communications, semi-conductors, advanced electronic systems
Turnover $ 22.2 billion
Profits $1 billion
Customers Computer manufacturers, electronics distributors, telephone companies, automobile
manufacturers
Employees 132,000
products offices employ located sell
specialize customers Motorola sales profits
A: Who do you work for?
B: Motorola
A: Isn't that an American company?
B: Yes, it is.
A: Do you work in the States?
B: No, I work in one of our....... (2) in Europe.
A: Where's it........ (3), exactly?
B: In Paris, France.
A: And you make electronic...... (4)?
B: Yes, that's right. We....... (5) in wireless communications and advanced
electronic systems.
A: And who are your main....... (6)?
B: We.......... (7) a lot to computer manufacturers.
A: How many people work for Motorola around the world?
B: In total, I think we....... (8) about 132,000 people.
A: And what's your annual turnover?
B: Well, this year we have...... (9) of $22.2 billion with
........ (10)of $1 billion.
Follow up
7. Using the Internet or other resources prepare a presentation about any famous company.
Unit 6
Personal History. Motivation at Work.
Lead in
1. Work in pairs. Make a list of things that are important when choosing a job.
Eg. earning a lot of money
working for a big company
helping other people
2. Think over and express your opinion on the question. Why do people choose these jobs?
a teacher b banker c doctor d businessman
Reading
3. Read about the quotes from two people talking about their jobs. Check if you know the meaning of the words in bold. Which person is motivated by:
1 helping other people __________
2 earning a lot of money _________
Marie, accountant
I work in the finance department of a large company. There are a lot of benefits. For example, if the company makes a profit, all the employees get a bonus. There’s also a profit share, but that’s only for managers. I have a company car and I also travel abroad quite a lot – always business class and on expenses, of course. We also get a pension and private health insurance. The company pays for its staff to go on training courses to develop their professional skills. And we get free membership of the local gym. There are also rewards: it’s hard work, but I get a lot of satisfaction from it. People recognize it if you do a good job, so there are good prospects for promotion.
Tom, physiotherapist
I work for the health service. There are a lot of rewards; the main one is job satisfaction. I get a real sense of achievements when someone says “thank you”. You know you’re doing worthwhile job. If you work hard, there are opportunities for promotion. I like the responsibility of making a difference to people’s lives. There are some benefits. We don’t get bonuses or anything like that, but there’s a very good pension. The health service pays for us to go on training courses, and people with children get help with paying for childcare. If I visit patients at home, I get a travel allowance, but it’s not very much.
4. Look at the list of things that motivate people and mark the things Marie and Tom mention with letters M/T.
pension
training
profit share
expenses
company car
business class travel
private health insurance
bonus
travel allowance
subsidized childcare
job satisfaction
promotion
responsibility
gym membership
doing something worthwhile
Speaking
5. Which things in the list are benefits (extra things you get from your employer)? Which ones are rewards (things that make you feel good about the job)?
6. Imagine that you are applying for the position of a manager in a company. Ask your future employer about your responsibilities, working hours, benefits, salary, etc.
7. Interview any of your parents. Ask questions about benefits and rewards they have at their job. Tell the group about it.
Writing
8. Write a composition about the job you would like to have. Describe benefits and rewards of the job.
Listening
9. Listen to the radio interview with Mary O’Connor, who won the Young Businesswoman of the Year competition. Fill in the gaps in her resume.
Name: Mary Louise O’Connor
Date of birth: …………………………….
Place of birth: ………………………………..
Nationality: ………………………………………
Education: Brodie High School, 1976 - …..
…………. University 1980 - ….
(majored in …………..)
Work experience: Financial Analyst, United General …………… ……..
1984 - ……
Started up “The Kind Face”
………… ……….., …….
Writing
10. You are going to write a resume. Look at the form below. Complete this form taking information from any of your parents.
Full name:
Address/telephone:
Date of birth:
Marital status:
Number of children:
Nationality:
Education:
Work experience:
Additional information:
11. These are headings and categories commonly used in CV(curriculum vitae).
marital status referees employment history permanent address
educational history skills title personal details hobbies and interests surname qualifications date of birth
Which one means:
A basic facts about you? ___________
B practical abilities? _______________
C where you live most of the time? __________________
D what you do in your free time? _______________________
E when you were born? _______________________
F Mr, Mrs, Ms, Dr? _________________________________
G details about working life? __________________________
H if you are married or single? _________________________
I people who can tell us about your qualities and character? ___________
J proof that you have successfully complete a course? ________________
K school and colleges? ___________________________________
L family name ? ___________________________________
12. Read the CV given below. Is there anything in common with a resume?
What is different? Complete the missing points.
Create your own CV using Tony’s as a guide.
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Unit 7
Currency. Money.
Lead in.
1. Pronunciation/Reading/Writing Numbers
Whole numbers:
0 nought, zero, oh ( the first two variants are used in British English, the American practice is to use “zero”)
10 ten
100 a/one hundred
101 a/one hundred and one
135 a/one hundred and thirty five
400 four hundred
2,000 two thousand
60,000 sixty thousand
320,550 three hundred and twenty thousand, five hundred and fifty
7,600,200 seven million, six hundred thousand and two hundred
Decimals
0.5 point five, or nought point five
0.326 point three two six
Points are used for decimals and commas are used only when writing thousands.
Per cent
The symbol % is read as per cent.
20% interest rate – a twenty per cent interest rate
30% discount – a thirty per cent discount
2. Find out the answer to the question: What is the function of money? Present your findings to the rest of the group.
Reading
3. Read the text and compare your ideas with those from the text. Be ready to translate any passage from the text.
History of Money
The use of money is as old as the human civilization. Money is basically a method of exchange, and coins and notes are just items of exchange. But money was not always the same form as the money today, and is still developing.
The basis of all early commerce was barter, in other words the direct exchange of one product for another, with the relative values a matter for negotiation. Subsequently both livestock, particularly cattle, and plant products such as grain, come to be used as money in many different societies at different periods. The earliest evidence of banking is found in Mesopotamia between 3000 and 2000 B.C. when temples were used to store grain and other valuables used in trade.
Various items have been used by different societies at different times. Aztecs used cacao beans. Norwegians once used butter. The early U.S. colonists used tobacco leaves and animal hides. The people of Paraguay used snails. Roman soldiers were paid a "salarium" of salt. On the island of Nauru, the islanders used rats. Human slaves have also been used as currency around the world. In the 16th century, the average exchange value of a slave was 8000 pounds of sugar. In Russia different furs were widely used.
Gradually, however, people began exchanging items that had no intrinsic value, but which had only agreed-upon or symbolic value. An example is the cowrie shell. Metal tool money, such as knife and spade monies, was also first used in China. These early metal monies developed into primitive versions of round coins at the end of the Stone Age. Chinese coins were made out of copper, often containing holes so they could be put together like a chain. The Chinese also invented paper money during the T'ang Dynasty.
Outside of China, the first coins were developed out of lumps of silver. They soon took the familiar round form of today, and were stamped with various gods and emperors to mark their authenticity. These early coins first appeared in the Kingdom of Lydia (now in Turkey) in the 7th century B.C. Paper money was adopted in Europe much later than in Asia and the Arab world -- primarily because Europe didn't have paper.
The Bank of Sweden issued the first paper money in Europe in 1661, though this was also a temporary measure. In 1694 the Bank of England was founded and began to issue promissory notes, originally handwritten but later printed. To make travelling with gold less dangerous, goldsmiths, or people who made jewelry and other items out of gold, came up with an idea. The goldsmiths started writing out notes on pieces of paper that said the person who had the note could trade the note in for gold. These promissory notes were the beginning of paper money in Europe. If you look at a British bank note today, you'll see it still says:” I promise to pay the bearer on demand the sum of twenty pounds’.
Until the middle of the 20th century governments all over the world had deposits of gold that was worth as much as the money they gave to their people. Paper money had many advantages. It was cheaper to make and easier to carry around.
But there were also dangers. Governments could produce as much paper money as they wanted. If they produced too many banknotes and gave them to the people, they would have too much money to spend. If there were not enough goods to buy, prices would go up. The money then would lose its value . We call this inflation.
Nowadays the amount of money in circulation is controlled by central banks . They make sure that paper money has a constant value .
In the second half of the 20th century people realized that they didn’t have to carry money around to buy the things they needed. Information about money was sent from bank to bank, so you could have your money transferred from one place to another without touching it.
Today, more and more people use credit cards to buy things. You don’t have to take real money with you. With a credit card the bank lends its customer money to buy something. The customer signs a small slip of paper and the shop assistant sends it to the bank and gets his money at once. A few weeks later the customer pays the money back to the bank.
4. Explain the meaning of the words in bold in English.
5. Ask your partner some questions on the content of the text.
6. Match the extracts from the four conversations (a-d) with the places (1-4).
1 A travel agent’s 3 A currency exchange
2 A bar 4 A hotel
A_________________________
A: I’d like to change some Canadian dollars. Is the exchange rate the same as yesterday?
B: Yes, it is.
A: And what’s the commission?
B: It’s two per cent.
A: OK, can I change two hundred dollars, please?
B________________________________
A: Good morning. I’d like to settle my bill now.
B: Yes, sir. How would you like to pay?
A: Do you take traveller’s cheques?
B: I’m afraid not. We only take credit cards or cash.
A: I’ll pay by credit card, then. Is Visa OK?
B: Visa is fine. What’s your room number?
C__________________________________
A: Can we have the bill, please?
B: Yes, that’s € 27.50 altogether.
A: OK. Here’s fifty. Sorry, I don’t have anything smaller.
B: No problem.
A: Can I have a receipt, please?
B: Sure. Here’s your change and your receipt.
D_____________________________________
A: So, the total price is € 1,500 – that includes flights, hotel vouchers, and insurance.
B: That’s fine.
A: I need to take a ten per cent deposit now. You can pay the balance later.
B: OK, here’s my credit card.
Vocabulary Work
7. Complete the definitions (1-10) with the words below. They all appear in bold in the dialogues in Exercise 4.
· Cash
· Credit card
· Traveller’s cheque
· Change
· Commission
· Deposit
· Exchange rate
· Bill
· Receipt
· Insurance
1. The _______________________ is extra money that you pay for a service.
2. A ___________________ is a piece of paper that shows how much you must pay.
3. A ____________________ is a sum of money which is the first payment for something.
4. __________________________ is money in the form of notes or coins.
5. ____________________________ is money you pay to protect yourself against something bad happening.
6. A _______________________ is a piece of paper that shows how much you have paid.
7. A __________________________ is a cheque you can exchange for foreign money.
8. A ___________________________ is a plastic card you can use to pay for things.
9. _____________________________ is the money you get back if you pay more than something costs.
10. The __________________________ is the value of one currency compared to another.
8. Who says these things, the customer(C) or the person (P) serving them? Write C or P near each saying.
1. Can I have a receipt, please?
2. How would you like to pay?
3. Can you tell me the exchange rate for Canadian dollars?
4. Do you take traveller’s cheques?
5. Here’s your change and your receipt.
6. We only take credit cards or cash.
7. Can we have the bill, please?
8. I need to take a ten per cent deposit.
9. Can I change two hundred dollars, please?
10. That’s €27.50 altogether.
11. The total price is € 1,500.
12. And what’s the commission?
13. Is Visa OK?
14. Sorry, I don’t have anything smaller.
Speaking
9. Work in pairs. Look at the information below and role play the situations. Take it in turns to be the customer and the person serving.
Customer
1. You want to change US$150 into euros.
2. You want to settle your hotel bill and pay by Euro-cheques.
3. You want the bill and the receipt. You only have a €50 note.
4. You’ve just booked a holiday. You have two credit cards, Visa and Amex.
Person serving
1. The exchange rate for US$ is 0.87. The commission is 3% for amount up to €200, and 1.5% for higher amounts.
2. The bill is € 490.00. You only take cash or credit cards.
3. The bill is €19.00.
4. The total price is €2,500. You need a 20% deposit. You take Visa and Mastercard, but not Amex.
Unit 8
Global brands.
Lead in
1. Discuss the following questions:
What is a brand?
What famous brands do you know?
What do they sell?
2. Read the definition taken from Longman Dictionary of Business English. Compare it with yours.
brand COM.&IND. originally an owner’s mark, made by burning, on cattle, etc. but now a maker’s name, trade-mark or sign, usually officially registered and protected, put on goods to make it easy for buyers to recognize the make or quality. Local brand, a brand of product sold locally, usually in the area in which it is manufactured. National brand, one sold all over the coun
A brand has a USPs (Unique Selling Points), specific features which set them apart from its competitors.
Reading
3. Read Parts A and B of the text and answer the questions.
Part A
Big companies spend millions of dollars on developing their brand and designing their logo. Market research shows that more and more people are paying attention to the brand of the things they buy. Why? Because global brands like Pepsi have ideas and values connected with them.
Some people are very loyal to one brand because of the ideas and values associated with it. For example, some makes of car are associated with quality or reliability.
Other people are buying an image of themselves – the brand you use says what kind of person you are. Drinking Pepsi Max means you want to get the most from life – you want freedom and adventure, and therefore you are an exciting person. Wearing Nike trainers or sports clothes is all about individual achievements; you can do anything you want – just do it.
Part B
We asked some brand-conscious shoppers what brands they buy, and why.
Kate, 16: I wear these trainers because all my friends wear them. It’s important to be cool.
Tom, 27: This car tells people I’m successful. My business clients expect me to drive an expensive car. It gives me the right professional image.
Jane, 20: Yes, it’s the latest model. It’s got lots of new features and I love the design. I use it to text my friends or call my boyfriends.
Questions
1. Why do big companies spend a lot of money on brands?
2. Why do people buy a particular brand?
3. Can you guess which brands the three people are talking about?
4. What values or image do they associate with their brand?
Vocabulary Work
4. Match the words and phrases from the text (1-6) with the definitions (a-f).
1. logo A the general impression you give to other people
2. values B something you do successfully, on your own
3. loyal C aware of different brands and what they represent
4. image D not changing, always buying the same brand
5. individual achievement E things that are important or that you believe in
6. brand-conscious F symbol that appears on a company’s product
Listening
5. Listen to the text and complete the table below then tell about famous brand.
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Name of the brand |
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Created in |
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Targeted |
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USPs |
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Keys to popularity |
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Number of combinations |
|
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Speaking
6. Work in pairs. Are you brand-conscious? Discuss these questions and then tell the group about your partner.
· Are brands important to you?
· What brands do you buy?
· What values do you associate with them?
· What image do you want other people to have of you?
· Are there any brands you would not buy?
Project Work
7. Research a brand that you are familiar with and that you think has good values associated with it. Find more information about it using magazines or the Internet.
Tell the group about this brand and explain why you think it is successful.
Unit 9
Fairs and Exhibitions.
Lead in
1. Discuss the following questions:
Have you ever visited any fair or exhibition?
What kinds of fairs and exhibitions do you know?
What is the purpose of such events?
Reading
2. Read the text and be ready to answer the questions.
Fairs and Exhibitions.
Every year a lot of international, national and specialized exhibitions and fairs are held in different countries of the world. The number of countries and companies who take part in them is growing from year to year and the scope of fairs and exhibition is becoming larger.
The display during these exhibitions includes a wide range of exhibits, which show the latest achievements in different fields of industry, science and agriculture of many countries.
Usually fairs and exhibitions are crowded with visitors, who show much interest in the exhibits on display.
At international and national exhibitions commercial centres are established where the participants can negotiate the sale and purchase of different goods.
Every exhibition is an eye-opening experience and also a method to advertise products. Fairs and exhibitions are usually held under various mottoes: people and progress, peace and progress through economic co-operation and so on. International fairs and exhibitions pave the way for the consolidation of friendship among countries and nations.
Questions
1) What kinds of fairs and exhibitions are known in the modern business world?
2) Why do more and more countries take part in them?
3) What opportunities do they provide their participants with?
4) What are the most popular mottos under which fairs and exhibitions are held?
3. Read and act out the dialogue below
Last month Stepanov, an engineer from Soyuzimport, had instructions to visit an exhibition of electronic equipment, which was held at Olympia in London.
Soyuzimport was interested in purchasing computers of the latest model. The model R 800 computer of Wilson & Co. attracted Stepanov’s attention. After he had seen the computer in operation he got in touch with Mr. Adams, the Sales Manager of the company, to start talks for the purchase of computer.
Stepanov: Good morning, Mr. Adams. Here is my card.
Adams: Good morning. I’m glad to meet you. How do you like our stand?
Stepanov: Oh, it’s really interesting. We’ve had a happy chance to see your latest achievements in electronic industry. I must say you’ve made much progress in this field.
Adams: Glad to hear that.
Stepanov: Mr. Adams, your stand-attendant has just shown me the Model 800 computer in
operation. Is it for sale?
Adams: Certainly. It’s an up-to-date model. It was introduced into the world market six
months ago and since then it has been a great success. So I’m not surprised you
got interested in it.
Stepanov: Yes, it’s efficient performance and the design impressed me.
Adams: The computer meets the highest world standards.
Stepanov: But as you know, Mr. Adams, to buy a computer is only half the business. You
must have your own operators and programmers to operate the equipment. I’d like
to know if it would be possible to send our specialists here so that they could get
good training at your plants.
Adams: No problem to arrange it.
Stepanov: Fine. As soon as I come back to Moscow we’ll send you our enquiry.
Speaking
4. Give a brief summary of the dialogue.
5. Read these flashes of conversations and act them out using the modifications.
I A: What does your country exhibit here?
B: We display lots of goods. At this particular stand you can see our chemical equipment(1).
A: Can we see it in operation?
B: Certainly, I suggest you see our booklets(2) first, to get a better idea of the equipment.
A: Thank you, you’ve been very helpful.
Modifications: 1) working model of an electrified section of a railway, metallurgic equipment.
2) catalogues, advertising literature, slides.
II A: We’re glad we’ve seen your display. You really offer modern technology and reliable equipment.
B: That’s nice to hear. Would you be interested in cooperation with us?
A: Yes, and we want to know on what terms you do business.
B: Well, we cooperate on different terms.
Modifications: on terms of technical assistance, on turn-key terms, on a compensatory basis.
III A: We’ve been advertising your equipment widely.
B: While we are on it, have you bought TV and radio time?
A: We have. We’re doing our best and have been successful in promoting your exports.
B: You sound very optimistic. Let’s hope for the best.
Modifications: distribute our advertising literature, place advertisements in your business publications, arrange for showing films.
Listening
6. Listen to the text and make notes to answer the following questions.
1. Where and when was the first world industrial exhibition held?
2. What opportunities did such events provide?
3. When was the first international exhibition held in our country?
4. What Russian cities have been famous for fairs and exhibitions? Why?
Follow up
7. Using information from the texts, tell the class about history and development of fairs and exhibitions. Add something from your own experience.
8. Translate the following text into English using the vocabulary from the unit.
Международные выставки и ярмарки привлекают внимание деловых людей во всем мире, так как там существуют огромные возможности для покупки, продажи и рекламы товаров. Там можно связаться с представителями любых компаний, провести переговоры и подписать контракт. Все производители, принимающие участие в выставках и ярмарках демонстрируют свои последние достижения во всех отраслях науки и техники. Оборудование, представленное на выставках и ярмарках, отвечает высочайшим мировым стандартам. Выставки и ярмарки – это хороший способ укрепления сотрудничества и взаимопонимания между странами.
Unit 10
Business Correspondence.
Lead in
1. Work in pairs and discuss the following questions.
What categories of letters do you know?
What is the difference between formal and informal letters?
2. Read the following extracts and guess which of them are formal and informal.
Dear Mr Miller,
I received your kind invitation to the reception. Unfortunately, owing to other commitments, I will be unable to attend…
Dear Ralph,
I just got your invitation to the company’s event. I’m afraid I can’t make it because I’ve already made plans which I can’t change…
…thus, I recommend that you accept this advice on the matter. I am sure that the suggestion offered is the best solution. Please let me know if this was helpful.
Yours sincerely,
Lee Jones
…I would appreciate a reply at your earliest convenience. I look forward to meeting you to discuss employment opportunities.
Yours faithfully,
Nicole Porter
3. Read a piece of theory and study the table below.
· Letters are divided into two categories, formal and informal. There are various types of formal and informal letters, for example: letters asking for and giving information, letters asking for or offering advice, letters of invitation, letters of complaint, letters of apology, letters expressing thanks/regrets/congratulations, letters of application etc.
· It is important to think about the person who you are writing to before you begin writing a letter. If the wrong style is used, the letter will look impolite, silly or odd. For example, if you used formal language to write to a close friend, the letter would look odd, or if you used informal language to write a letter to a company, the letter would look impolite.
· In formal letters your address and the date as well as the recipient’s address are included in the letter. When you do not know the name of the recipient, you should include their title in the address. E.g. The Director of Studies, StMichael’s School, 15,Pine St., London. You should begin the letter with Dear Sir/Madam, and end with Yours faithfully, Peter Jones. When the name of the recipient is known, their name and title should be included in their address,e.g. Mr Witkins, Accounts Manager, Rockdell Financial Services, 15 Stockdale Ave., London. The letter should begin with Dear Mr Witkins, and end with Yours sincerely, John Smith.
4. Read the tips for writing a letter of application.
1. A letter of application should always consist of a CV or a resume and a short covering letter. Its purpose is to draw the perspective employer’s attention to the key points in your CV and to highlight your suitability for the job.
2. Type a covering letter unless you are specially asked for a handwritten one.
3. Where possible address it to the person concerned.
4. Keep it short – use only one side of a page.
5. Make sure that the page isn’t too full and that the layout is clear.
6. Include more formal words and expressions but avoid making your letter sound too formal.
Writing
5. Read Nancy’s letter of application to Worldwatch. Put one word into each gap.
17 Hillside Rd
Chesswood
Herts. WD3 5LB
Tel 01923 284171
Fax 01923 286622
17 January 2010
David Benton
Worldwide UK Ltd
357 Ferry Rd
Basingstoke RG2 5HP
Dear Mr Benton,
I saw your _________________ for a Business Journalist in Guardian Newspaper of 10 January. I am very ____________ in the job and I think that I have many of the necessary ____________________.
I __________ politics and modern languages at Oxford University. I am ___________
in French, German and Spanish. I have _________ widely in Europe and South America, and I _________worked as a business journalist for the BBC __________ the last five years.
I enclose a copy of my curriculum vitae. I look forward __________ hearing from you soon. Please let me know if you need more information.
Yours sincerely,
Nancy Mann
6. Write a letter of application for the following job in the Daily News.
TRANS-GLOBE COACHES
want
TRAVEL COURIERS
In Europe the Far East North and South America
Have you got interpersonal skills?
Can you speak two or more languages?
Do you want to see the world?
Please apply with CV to
The personnel Manager
Trans-Globe coaches
Victoria square
London SW1 6VC
Скачано с www.znanio.ru
BUSINESS ENGLISH for high school students
BUSINESS TRIP ABROAD Unit 1
Checking comprehension 3.
R. t.: Of course. Is that better?
R.t.: Here it is. Do I need to weigh this small bag?
Writing 10. Fill in the Customs
Follow-up 11. Distribute roles and take part in the role play “Travelling by air”
Never before in the history of the world have businessmen travelled so much as they do today
Talking to a bell-boy. Bell-boy:
V.: ………? R.: Yes, sir. Do you want a single or a double room?
TO BE FILLED IN ON DEPARTURE 8
Reading 2. Read the text and find out meanings of the words in bold
Read, translate and learn speech patterns
S.: O.K. When could you come?
R. v.: All right. We are always ready to cooperate where we can but we can't give our final reply before we get the manufacturers…
Ms. Andreou Day: _______________________
COMPANY ACTIVITIES Unit 4
There are the following disadvantages: -in many cases each of the partners is subject to unlimited liability
Alice: Can you give me a piece of advice?
This department sends all the bills, (toncacus) 4
Vocabulary Work 9 . For each question, choose a pair of words from the list to complete the spaces in the two sentences
Unit 5 Company History.
A FAMOUS COMPANY 6. Read this information about the
Follow up 7. Using the Internet or other resources prepare a presentation about any famous company
Tom, physiotherapist I work for the health service
Listen to the radio interview with
F Mr, Mrs, Ms, Dr? _________________________________
INTERNATIONAL TRADE Unit 7
Read the text and compare your ideas with those from the text
Until the middle of the 20th century governments all over the world had deposits of gold that was worth as much as the money they…
A_________________________ A:
Vocabulary Work 7. Complete the definitions (1-10) with the words below
Here’s your change and your receipt
Global brands. Lead in 1
Kate, 16: I wear these trainers because all my friends wear them
What image do you want other people to have of you? ·
International fairs and exhibitions pave the way for the consolidation of friendship among countries and nations
Adams: No problem to arrange it
Modifications: distribute our advertising literature, place advertisements in your business publications, arrange for showing films
Dear Mr Miller, I received your kind invitation to the reception
Yours faithfully, Peter Jones.
French, German and Spanish. I have _________ widely in
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